Building Online Writing Community through Other-Oriented Lenses in an Era of Crisis

This narrative describes how an undergraduate writing teacher educator’s personal response to the COVID-19 pandemic influenced her approach to working with writing methods students. The piece outlines her process for supporting students’ social-emotional and academic needs as the classroom community’s work shifted from face-to-face class meetings and K-5 clinical placements to the online space. Important to this process is building on the course\u27s previously covered course content to re-imagine with students the approaches, routines, and procedures for the now online-only writing community

The International Baccalaureate Learner Profile: A Social Justice Framework in the English Language Arts Classroom

“The International Baccalaureate Learner Profile: A Social Justice Framework in the English Language Arts Classroom, highlights the story of an expert secondary ELA teacher as she navigates the political climate in the wake of the 2016 presidential election. Through narrative, classroom anecdote, and pedagogical reflection, this story offers readers an authentic portrait of the complex decisions that face teachers as we navigate tenuous political terrain in our classrooms. Central to this story is the International Baccalaureate (IB) Learner Profile (LP), which is the framework from which this teacher operates: the IB LP serves as both the anchor and guide for this teacher’s pedagogical decision-making and a teaching tool in her classroom. In unpacking this teacher’s narrative and practice, this piece offers criteria for establishing a classroom climate of productive political discourse and shares features of a politically engaged classroom, both of which are aimed to inspire readers’ critical inquiry into their own practice as they address politics in their own classrooms

Refuge for Teachers (and Learners) in a Turbulent Public Education Landscape

This piece provides context for the K-12 teacher recruitment and sustainability crisis we face in the United States. The harmful effects of this crisis situate the authors’ assertion that the ELA classroom is the space in which both teachers and students can find solace and inspiration during turbulent times in public education. The authors propose three overarching categories of classroom practices, along with specific strategies per category that can be implemented in sustaining the teacher and learner: 1) routines for the beginning of class, 2) routines for reading and writing, and 3) routines for the end of class

A study on the relationship between internal nozzle geometry and injected mass distribution of eight ECN Spray G nozzles

[EN] Gasoline direct injection (GDI) nozzles are manufactured to meet geometric specifications with length scales on the order of a few hundred microns. The machining tolerances of these nominal dimensions are not always known due to the difficulty in accurately measuring such small length scales in a nonintrusive fashion. To gain insight into the variability of the machined dimensions as well as any effects that this variability may have on the fuel spray behavior, a series of measurements of the internal geometry and fuel mass distribution were performed on a set of eight nominally duplicate GDI “Spray G” nozzles provided by the Engine Combustion Network. The key dimensions of each of the eight nozzle holes were measured with micron resolution using full spectrum x-ray tomographic imaging at the 7-BM beamline of the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory. Fuel density distributions at 2 mm downstream of the nozzle tips were obtained by performing x-ray radiography measurements for many lines of sight. The density measurements reveal nozzle-to-nozzle as well as hole-to-hole density variations. The combination of high-resolution geometry and fuel distribution datasets allows spray phenomena to be linked to specific geometric characteristics of the nozzle, such as variability in the hole lengths and counterbore diameters, and the hole inlet corner radii. This analysis provides important insight into which geometrical characteristics of the nozzles may have the greatest importance in the development of the injected sprays, and to what degree these geometric variations might account for the total spray variability. The goal of this work is then to further the understanding of the relationship between internal nozzle geometry and fuel injection, provide input to improve computational models, and ultimately aid in optimizing injector design for higher fuel efficiency and lower emissions engines.This research was performed at the 7-BM beamline of the APS at Argonne National Laboratory. Use of the APS is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. We gratefully acknowledge the computing resources provided on Blues, a high-performance computing cluster operated by the Laboratory Computing Resource Center at Argonne National Laboratory. We thank Dr. Doga Gürsoy for the use of TomoPy and corresponding user support, as well as Dr. Xianghui Xiao at the APS 2-BM beamline for technical guidance in performing x-ray tomography. Argonne’s x-ray fuel injection research is sponsored by the DOE Vehicle Technologies Program under the direction of Gurpreet Singh and Leo Breton.Matusik, K.; Duke, D.; Sovis, N.; Swantek, A.; Powell, C.; Payri, R.; Vaquerizo, D.... (2017). A study on the relationship between internal nozzle geometry and injected mass distribution of eight ECN Spray G nozzles. En Ilass Europe. 28th european conference on Liquid Atomization and Spray Systems. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 313-320. https://doi.org/10.4995/ILASS2017.2017.4766OCS31332

Measurements of droplet size in shear-driven atomization using ultra-small angle x-ray scattering

[EN] Measurements of droplet size in optically-thick, non-evaporating, shear-driven sprays have been made using ultra-small angle x-ray scattering (USAXS). The sprays are produced by orifice-type nozzles coupled to diesel injectors, with measurements conducted from 1 - 24 mm from the orifice, spanning from the optically-dense near-nozzle region to more dilute regions where optical diagnostics are feasible. The influence of nozzle diameter, liquid injection pressure, and ambient density were examined. The USAXS measurements reveal few if any nanoscale droplets, in conflict with a popular computational model of diesel spray breakup. The average droplet diameter rapidly decreases with downstream distance from the nozzle until a plateau value is reached, after which only small changes are seen in droplet diameter. This plateau droplet size is consistent with the droplets being small enough to be stable with respect to further breakup. Liquid injection pressure and nozzle diameter have the biggest impact on droplet size, while ambient density has a smaller effect. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd.X-ray spray research at Argonne is supported by the DOE Advanced Combustion Program. We acknowledge team leaders Gurpreet Singh and Leo Breton for their support. These experiments were performed at the 7-BM, 9-ID, and 15-ID beamlines of the Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory. ChemMatCARS Sector 15 is principally supported by the Divisions of Chemistry (CHE) and Materials Research (DMR), National Science Foundation, under grant number NSF/CHE-1346572. Use of the Advanced Photon Source, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory, was supported by the U.S. DOE under Contract No. DE-ACO2-06CH11357. R. Payri was funded by a Fulbright visiting scholar grant in collaboration with the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports of Spain (reference PRX14/00331) while performing this work. J.P. Viera was funded by the Spanish MINECO grant EEBB-I-15-0976 under project TRA2012-36932.Kastengren, A.; Ilavsky, J.; Viera-Sotillo, JP.; Payri, R.; Duke, DJ.; Swantek, A.; Tilocco, FZ.... (2017). Measurements of droplet size in shear-driven atomization using ultra-small angle x-ray scattering. International Journal of Multiphase Flow. 92:131-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmultiphaseflow.2017.03.005S1311399

X-ray radiography of cavitation in a beryllium alloy nozzle

[EN] Making quantitative measurements of the vapor distribution in a cavitating nozzle is difficult, owing to the strong scattering of visible light at gas-liquid boundaries and wall boundaries, and the small lengths and time scales involved. The transparent models required for optical experiments are also limited in terms of maximum pressure and operating life. Over the past few years, x-ray radiography experiments at Argonne's Advanced Photon Source have demonstrated the ability to perform quantitative measurements of the line of sight projected vapor fraction in submerged, cavitating plastic nozzles. In this paper, we present the results of new radiography experiments performed on a submerged beryllium nozzle which is 520m in diameter, with a length/diameter ratio of 6. Beryllium is a light, hard metal that is very transparent to x-rays due to its low atomic number. We present quantitative measurements of cavitation vapor distribution conducted over a range of non-dimensional cavitation and Reynolds numbers, up to values typical of gasoline and diesel fuel injectors. A novel aspect of this work is the ability to quantitatively measure the area contraction along the nozzle with high spatial resolution. Analysis of the vapor distribution, area contraction and discharge coefficients are made between the beryllium nozzle and plastic nozzles of the same nominal geometry. When gas is dissolved in the fuel, the vapor distribution can be quite different from that found in plastic nozzles of the same dimensions, although the discharge coefficients are unaffected. In the beryllium nozzle, there were substantially fewer machining defects to act as nucleation sites for the precipitation of bubbles from dissolved gases in the fuel, and as such the effect on the vapor distribution was greatly reduced.Raul Payri was funded by a Fulbright visiting scholar grant in collaboration with the Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports of Spain (reference PRX14/00331) while performing this work. Juan P Viera was funded by the Spanish MINECO (grant EEBB-I-15-0976 under project TRA2012-36932).Duke, DJ.; Matusik, KE.; Kastengren, AL.; Swantek, AB.; Sovis, N.; Payri, R.; Viera-Sotillo, JP.... (2017). X-ray radiography of cavitation in a beryllium alloy nozzle. International Journal of Engine Research. 18(1-2):39-50. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468087416685965S3950181-

Linking instantaneous rate of injection to X-ray needle lift measurements for a direct-acting piezoelectric injector

Internal combustion engines have been and still are key players in today's world. Ever increasing fuel consumption standards and the ongoing concerns about exhaust emissions have pushed the industry to research new concepts and develop new technologies that address these challenges. To this end, the diesel direct injection system has recently seen the introduction of direct-acting piezoelectric injectors, which provide engineers with direct control over the needle lift, and thus instantaneous rate of injection (ROI). Even though this type of injector has been studied previously, no direct link between the instantaneous needle lift and the resulting rate of injection has been quantified. This study presents an experimental analysis of the relationship between instantaneous partial needle lifts and the corresponding ROI. A prototype direct-acting injector was utilized to produce steady injections of different magnitude by partially lifting the needle. The ROI measurements were carried out at CMT-Motores Termicos utilizing a standard injection rate discharge curve indicator based on the Bosch method (anechoic tube). The needle lift measurements were performed at the Advanced Photon Source at Argonne National Laboratory. The analysis seeks both to contribute to the current understanding of the influence that partial needle lifts have over the instantaneous ROI and to provide experimental data with parametric variations useful for numerical model validations. Results show a strong relationship between the steady partial needle lift and the ROI. The effect is non-linear, and also strongly dependent on the injection pressure. The steady lift value at which the needle ceases to influence the ROI increases with the injection pressure. Finally, a transient analysis is presented, showing that the needle velocity may considerably affect the instantaneous ROI, because of the volume displaced inside the nozzle. Results presented in this study show that at constant injection pressure and energizing time, this injector has the potential to control many aspects of the ROI and thus, the heat release rate. Also, data presented are useful for numerical model validations, which would provide detailed insight into the physical processes that drive these observations, and potentially, to the effects of these features on combustion performance.The submitted manuscript has been created by UChicago Argonne, LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory (Argonne). Argonne, a U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science laboratory, is operated under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The U.S. Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up nonexclusive, irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government.Viera-Sotillo, JP.; Payri, R.; Swantek, AB.; Duke, DJ.; Sovis, N.; Kastengren, AL.; Powell, CF. (2016). Linking instantaneous rate of injection to X-ray needle lift measurements for a direct-acting piezoelectric injector. Energy Conversion and Management. 112:350-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2016.01.038S35035811

Guidebook for Opening an SME in Visegrad Group Area

Creation of a business is complicated and very often the most stressful part of an entrepreneur’s career. In order to be a successful and profitable business, the responsible person needs to have a plan and vision with a clear understanding of many factors, such as a marketing plan, the target customer and many others. The aim of this thesis is to help an already established company that may be struggling or to act as a form of guide for people setting up a start-up company in the V4 area, and provide them with the possible steps to follow and augment, based on their preferences. The theoretical portions of the thesis highlight the value of a well-organized business strategy and in-depth market research for every successful company as well as explores the available financial support schemes, which any enterprise can make use of and its importance for a starting company. The Methodological part of the thesis explores inflation, energy prices, and additional current political and economic situation in the markets of Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, and the Slovak Republic. A qualitative method was used for gathering the most valuable data by conducting a survey with small-size companies in the markets of the V4 countries, which revealed possible opportunities and challenges in the V4 markets. The outcome of the thesis is a business plan with a guide, which indicates possible benefits and disadvantages of certain decisions, recommendations of the optimal strategies, and as well possible funding for said company. Keywords: Business plan, Start-up, guidebook Pages 3