Association between cognitive impairment and criteria for frailty syndrome among older adults

OBJECTIVE: The association between cognitive impairment and physical frailty has been studied in older adults. The criteria degree of frailty may be keys to associated cognitive impairment. To analyze the association between cognitive impairment and the criteria for frailty. METHODS: We cross-sectionally examined data from 667 older adults (≥60 years of age) from a study entitled 'Variables associated to cognition in elderly caregivers' involving patients in an urban and rural primary healthcare center. We defined cognitive impairment based on different groups of scores on the Mini Mental State Examination, and defined frailty and prefrailty using the criteria by the Cardiovascular Health Study. We performed multinomial regression models to analyze the association between levels of frailty and cognitive impairment. RESULTS: Similar proportions of women (54.8%) and men (45.2%) participated in the study (mean age: 71 years old). We found cognitive impairment, prefrailty and frailty in 34, 54, and 24% of the participants, respectively. Concomitant cognitive impairment and frailty was found in 13% of them. The chances of cognitive impairment increased up to 330% (Odds Ratio [OR]: 4.3; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 2.4‒7.7; p<0.001) among frail individuals, and 70% (OR: 1.7; 95%CI 1.0‒2.8; p=0.033) among prefrail individuals compared to robust/non-frail individuals. After controlling for age, education, place of residence and functional dependence, slowness and fatigue criteria were significantly associated with cognitive impairment. CONCLUSION: Older adults with frailty have a greater likelihood of concomitant cognitive impairment than prefrail and robust older adults. The prevalence of cognitive impairment and frailty is consistent with data reported in literature. The present findings contribute to the investigation of cognitive frailty

Is Dexamethasone superior to Ketorolac in reducing pain, swelling and trismus following mandibular third molar removal? A split mouth triple-blind randomized clinical trial

The preemptive use of anti-inflammatory drugs, such as corticosteroids and NSAIDs, has the potential to reduce pain, swelling and trismus following oral surgery. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of dexamethasone and ketorolac tromethamine in reducing pain, swelling and trismus after mandibular third molar removal. The researches implemented a triple-blind, randomized clinical trial. The study was conducted with ASA I individuals aging between 18 and 35 years, which were randomized and submitted to two interventions, one with 8mg dexamethasone and the other with 20mg ketorolac tromethamine given 1h before the procedure. The primary predictor variable was the use of dexamethasone or ketorolac. The primary outcome variable was the postoperative pain level, measured with a Visual Analogue Scale. The secondary outcome variables were the amount of rescue analgesic consumed, swelling and trismus. Repeated-measures ANOVA and t-test for paired samples were used to compare the means. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Fifty individuals were randomized and allocated to intervention, and the sample was composed of 40 subjects who completed the study (27 female and 13 male). Dexamethasone, when compared to ketorolac tromethamine, showed a significantly higher reduction in pain level at 8h, 16h, 24h, 32h, 40h and 72h, in swelling and trismus at 24h, 48h, 72h and 7 days and in total number of rescue analgesics taken up to 72h postoperative (p < 0.05). The clinical performance of dexamethasone in controlling pain, swelling and trismus after mandibular third molar removal was superior to ketorolac tromethamine?s

APP IFC CAMPUS BRUSQUE : Continuação do desenvolvimento das funcionalidades do aplicativo e da API de acesso ao SIGAA

O projeto APP IFC campus Brusque visa a criação de um aplicativo para organização da rotina escolar. O aplicativo tem o intuito de facilitar a vida do estudante por meio de funções, tais como: agenda de atividades, integração ao SIGAA, área para notícias do campus e dentre outras funções. O aplicativo será compatível com o sistema operacional Android e para sua criação, optou-se por utilizar a plataforma Android Studio e a linguagem de Programação Orientada aObjetos, Java

APP IFC CAMPUS BRUSQUE: Uma proposta para a organização da rotina escolar

Este projeto tem o intuito de criar um aplicativo para auxiliar estudantes em sua rotina escolar. Este aplicativo conterá seções como agendas para a organização entre outras. Para a construção deste aplicativo, optou-se por usar a plataforma Android Studio e a linguagem de programação Java. O aplicativo está em desenvolvimento e conta com um protótipo de agenda e uma API a ser integrada no aplicativo. Espera-se que esse aplicativo possa ser uma ajuda para os discentes com dificuldade em sua organização da rotina escolar e para apoiar a construção do conhecimento, principalmente em formato de atividades remotas vivido atualmente

Parallax Motion Effect Generation Through Instance Segmentation And Depth Estimation

Stereo vision is a growing topic in computer vision due to the innumerable opportunities and applications this technology offers for the development of modern solutions, such as virtual and augmented reality applications. To enhance the user's experience in three-dimensional virtual environments, the motion parallax estimation is a promising technique to achieve this objective. In this paper, we propose an algorithm for generating parallax motion effects from a single image, taking advantage of state-of-the-art instance segmentation and depth estimation approaches. This work also presents a comparison against such algorithms to investigate the trade-off between efficiency and quality of the parallax motion effects, taking into consideration a multi-task learning network capable of estimating instance segmentation and depth estimation at once. Experimental results and visual quality assessment indicate that the PyD-Net network (depth estimation) combined with Mask R-CNN or FBNet networks (instance segmentation) can produce parallax motion effects with good visual quality.Comment: 2020 IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP), Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirate

Transporte sobre trilhos no Brasil : uma perspectiva do material rodante

Bibliografia: p. 277-281.O presente artigo busca traçar um panorama da indústria de material rodante, tendo em vista a perspectiva de aumento do investimento em novas ferrovias para carga e para transporte urbano sobre trilhos no Brasil. Para tal, são apresentados os principais tipos de transporte sobre trilhos, explorando suas particularidades, aplicações e identificando os maiores produtores globais. Apesar de ainda pouco relevantes em termos mundiais, o Brasil possui plantas de algumas das principais empresas do mundo, além de produtores nacionais. Contudo, até o momento, a produção local tem sido altamente volátil e marcada por grande incerteza. Discutem-se, portanto, as implicações dos novos investimentos para estabilização e crescimento do mercado brasileiro, propondo algumas medidas para um planejamento de longo prazo

Trypanosoma cruzi discrete typing unit TcIV implicated in a case of acute Chagas disease in a domiciliated dog in the western Amazon

Chagas disease is caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi. Seven lineages have been identified based on different molecular markers, namely TcI, TcII, TcIII, TcIV, TcV, TcVI, and TcBat. Dogs play the role of epidemiological sentinels being domestic reservoirs of T. cruzi. The aim of the current study was to report the first case of CD in a domestic dog in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, infected with T. cruzi DTU TcIV. We hope our report encourages veterinarians and surveillance professionals to a take a deeper look at T. cruzi infection in domestic animals.publishersversionpublishe

Physical, physicochemical and taxonomic characterization of Psidium araça Raddi

New research has stimulated a large reevaluation of species with regards to the use of fruits from native plants. Araçá (a small Brazilian guava-like fruit) is found scattered in the wild in Pernambuco/Brazil. There is a scarcity of detailed studies on such regional fruit trees, especially the Psidium araçá Raddi species, whereas there is an enormous possibility to explore the potential offered by these fruits, such as in the field of gastronomy, where the search for new ingredients and exotic flavors associated with functional properties has been increasing. This article aimed to evaluate the physical, physicochemical and taxonomic characterization of araçá obtained from different agricultural regions of Pernambuco in order to investigate the possibility of developing new products from this native fruit. The taxonomic identification confirmed that all collected material belonged to the species P. araçá Raddi. An average weight of 7.45 g/fruit was observed. With respect to pH, values between 3.17 and 3.48 were found, and the acidity as a percentage of citric acid was on the order of 0.96% to 0.99%. It was shown that the P. araçá Raddi fruit has a desirable quality for the food industry, presenting excellent conditions for the development of formulations of high commercial value and promising application in the national gastronomy

INTERVENCIÓN EDUCATIVA EN EL CONOCIMIENTO DE GEOHELMINTÍASES EN LA ESCUELA PÚBLICA

Intervenções em saúde são frequentemente recomendadas como a primeira opção de estratégia de prevenção e controle das helmintíases, especialmente em comunidades carentes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o impacto de estratégias educativas, relacionadas a temas pertinentes à parasitologia humana, no conhecimento das principais geo-helmintíases, ascaridíase e ancilostomíase, em estudantes do ensino fundamental, de uma escola municipal.  A atividade faz parte do projeto de Extensão intitulado “O caminho dos Helmintos no corpo humano: uma visão integrada da parasitologia e fisiologia na promoção da saúde em escolas de João Pessoa, PB”. A pesquisa apresentou delineamento quase-experimental, com avaliação antes (pré-teste) e depois (pós-teste) da intervenção. Participaram crianças matriculadas nas turmas do 6º ao 9º ano. Todas as atividades foram elaboradas abordando os tópicos: classificação, agente etiológico, morfologia, ciclo biológico (abordando conceitos de fisiologia), transmissão, aspectos clínicos, dados epidemiológicos e prevenção. Cada atividade seguiu uma sequência: apresentação; aula; momento brincar; construção do conhecimento; avaliação final. Os testes corrigidos receberam notas de 0,0 a 10,0 e foram analisados utilizando o programa estatístico GraphPad Prism versão 6.0, usando Teste t de Student pareado. Para análise das questões, utilizou-se o programa EPI INFO 7  e cálculo do Intervalo de confiança 95% (IC95%). As atividades educativas foram apresentadas para 79 escolares na intervenção sobre ancilostomíase e 76, na de ascaridíase, com idades entre 10 e 15 anos. A média geral das notas do pré-teste na intervenção sobre ascaridíase foi 3,35±1,78 (média ± DP) e a do pós-teste 6,96±2,27 (média ± DP). Para a de ancilostomíase, os valores do pré-teste e pós-teste, foram 2,54±1,37(média ± DP) e 7,04 ±2,06 (média ± DP), respectivamente. Foram identificadas dificuldades referentes à classificação dos parasitos, uma vez que os percentuais de acertos no pré-teste foram 16,5% para Ascaris lumbricoides e 11,84% para a Ancylostoma duodenale e Necator americanus. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram impactos positivos das estratégias metodológicas aplicadas no conhecimento das geo-helmintíases abordadas, as quais são contextualizadas no ensino fundamental. Diante desta perspectiva, é fundamental destacar a importância da inserção de projetos de extensão nas escolas, permitindo que universidade e comunidade possam promover estratégias que contribuam no conhecimento dos escolares bem como para o crescimento profissional dos extensionistas.Studies frequently recommend educative health interventions as the first strategy for preventing and controlling helminthiasis, especially in poor communities. Based on the knowledge of parasitology, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of educative strategies on primary students in public schools. This activity is part of the Extension program entitled “The path of Helminths in the human body: an integrated view of parasitology and physiology for health promotion in public schools in João Pessoa, PB, Brazil.” This is a quasi-experimental study design with both pre-test and post-test evaluations, respectively, before and after the intervention. Children from 6th to the 9th grades attended the study. All the activities developed handled the subjects: classification, etiologic agent, morphology, biological cycle (including physioloy concepts), transmission, clinical aspects, epidemiological data and prevention. Each activity followed a sequence: presentation; lesson; entertainment time; knowledge building; final evaluation. The tests were graded from 0 to 10 and were analyzed by means of the statistics program GraphPad Prism 6, using Paired Student's t-test, for analysis of means between the two samples. Questions were analyzed by using the EPI INFO 7 program and computing the 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI). The educative activities were presented to 79 students for hookworm infections intervention and to 76 students for ascariasis intervention. These students were aged between 10 and 15 years. For ascariasis, the average grades of pre-tests intervention were 3.35±1.78 (mean ± SD) and post-tests intervention were 6.96±2.27 (mean ± SD). For hookworm infections, pre-test and post-test intervention grades were 2.54±1.37 (mean ± SD) and 7.04 ±2.06 (mean ± SD), respectively. The results were statistically significant. Difficulties were identified concerning the classification of parasites, once the percentage of correct answers in pre-test were 16.5% for Ascaris lumbricoides and 11.84% for Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus. The results showed positive impacts in the methodological strategies applied in the comprehension of geohelminthiasis, which are contextualized in primary education. From this perspective, it is essential to highlight the importance of adding extension programs in schools, allowing university and community to build strategies that contribute to the knowledge of schoolchildren and the professional development of university students. Intervenciones en salud son elegidas preferencialmente como primera opción de estrategia de prevención y control de las helmintiasis, principalmente en comunidades más necesitadas. El objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el impacto de las estrategias educativas, con base en conceptos de parasitología, en el conocimiento de los geohelmintiasis principales, ascaridiasis y ancilostomiasis, con alumnos de enseñanza básica municipal. Este estudio ha sido realizado en el marco del proyecto de extensión intitulado “Trayecto de los helmintos en el cuerpo humano: una visión integrada de la parasitología y fisiología en la promoción de la salud en escuelas de João Pessoa, PB”. La investigación presentó un diseño casi-experimental, con evaluación antes (pretest) y después (postest) de la intervención. Participaron niños matriculados en grupos del 6º al 9º año. Las actividades fueron producidas a partir de los siguientes temas: clasificación, agente etiológico, morfología, ciclo biológico (acerca de conceptos de fisiología), transmisión, aspecto clínico, datos epidemiológicos y prevención. Cada actividad tuvo una secuencia: presentación, clase, juegos, construcción del conocimiento y evaluación final. Los exámenes aplicados recibieron puntuación de 0 a 10, y para el análisis se utilizó el programa GraphPad Prism 6, aplicando el Test t de Student pareado, para el análisis de los promedios entre las dos muestras. Para el análisis de las cuestiones, fue empleado el programa EPI INFO 7 y cálculo de intervalo de confianza 95% (IC95%). Las actividades educativas para la intervención de ancilostomiasis fueron presentadas a 79 alumnos, y para ascaridiasis a 76 alumnos, con edades entre 10 y 15 años. El promedio del pretest en la intervención de ascaridiasis tuvo media de 3,35±1,78 (media±DE), y del postest 6,96±2,27 (media±DE). Para ancilostomiasis, los valores del pretest y postest fueron 2,54±1,37 (media±DE) y 7,04 ±2,06 (media±DE) respectivamente. Los resultados fueron estadísticamente significativos. Se registró la dificultad en clasificar los parásitos por parte de los estudiantes, una la vez que en el pretest para Ascaris lumbricoides, 16,5% reconocieron este helminto, y para Ancylostoma duodenale y Necator americanus, tan sólo 11,84%. Los resultados obtenidos demuestran impactos positivos de las estrategias metodológicas aplicadas en el conocimiento de las geohelmintiasis discutidas en el contexto de la enseñanza básica. En este punto, es esencial señalar la importancia de inserción de proyectos de extensión en las escuelas, lo que permite que la universidad y la comunidad puedan promover estrategias para contribuir con el conocimiento de los estudiantes y con el crecimiento profesional de los extensionistas