Social Practices and Strategizing: a Study of Produce Merchants in the Vila Rubim Market

The aim of this article is to understand the relationship between the meanings of social practices and strategy creation used by the produce merchants in Vila Rubim, Vitória, ES, from 1970 to the present time. To provide empirical evidence of the conceptual framework that was developed, we conducted a case study. The data gathered from the documents and interviews were treated using discourse analysis, and those obtained from observations were treated using content analysis. The possibility and the act of approaching the neighboring merchant’s customer is the link that joins the homonymous strategy and tactic, but the process in each of them has different implications (strengthening or transgressing the established order) and develops in different and dynamic ways. Thus, the denomination of strategies and practices is dynamic, relational and temporary because the focus is on the process that permeates each strategy and its articulations in the practices and meanings in each flow. In their socio-historic process, the produce merchants in the VR Market articulate various flows. Among them, the empirical investigation identified fourteen flows, nine as strategies and five as tactics, according to the social references assumed in the analysis

A Constructionist Approach for the Study of Strategy as Social Practice

The goal of this paper is to present an analytical perspective of strategy as social practice in organizations by thearticulation of proposals by Foucault, Certeau and Moscovici on social dynamics. To accomplish its intents itdiscusses the convergences and divergences between social dynamics in Foucault (1972, 1999, 2003a, 2003b),knowledge, power and subjectivities from Moscovici (1961), and Social Representation Theory (SRT) asarticulated with the concept of everyday strategies and tactics by Certeau (1990). The paper presents the microand macro delineations in investigations involving strategy-making practices in organizations over time. Thestudies of strategy as social practices are focused only on the micro-social level of CEO practices inorganizations and don’t consider the involvement of these practices at the macro-social level. Thus, this paperaims at acknowledging the roles played by experimentation and by the researcher’s theoretical position, but alsoat offering the actors an opportunity to present the micro and macro aspects that involve their strategy practicesin a given organization. This way, a dynamic reference is obtained that allows for the comparison of empiricaldata in the analysis of strategy as a social practice

Automação de um procedimento para processamento de dados de volume de tráfego para uso no HCM

The Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) has been used worldwide for evaluating the performance of highways, by calculating the level of service. To use HCM, it is necessary to determine the traffic volumes for the time scenario analysis in all homogeneous segments of interest. Acquiring such information on-field can be costly, depending on the size and complexity of the study area. In order to meet the economic aspects of the projects, some traffic counting make partial observations and then expand them based on traffic pattern similarity analysis between stations. In addition, plans for data acquisition do not necessarily follow a pattern, and different data structures are used, such as vehicle classifications and time aggregations. Thus, it requires great effort from the processing of the data up to determining the projected demand volumes that will be used in the analysis. The objective of this work is to present an automated procedure to assist in this process. As a result, the development and application of a system capable of carrying out the necessary procedures to obtain these intended variables, including the execution of volumetric expansion, are shown, based on heterogeneous data.O Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) tem sido utilizado mundialmente na avaliação do desempenho de rodovias, por meio do cálculo do nível de serviço. Para a sua aplicação é necessário determinar os volumes de tráfego para o cenário temporal de análise em todos os segmentos homogêneos de interesse. A aquisição destes dados diretamente em campo pode ser onerosa, dependendo do tamanho e da complexidade da área de estudo. Buscando atender o aspecto econômico dos projetos, em alguns postos de contagem são realizadas observações parciais, para serem posteriormente expandidas, com base em análises de similaridade de padrões de tráfego entre os postos. Ademais, os planos para aquisição de dados não seguem necessariamente um padrão e diferentes estruturas de dados são utilizadas, como classificações de veículos e agregações temporais. Assim, o processamento dos dados para o alcance dos volumes de demanda, a serem utilizados na análise, pode exigir grande esforço. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar um procedimento tão automatizado quanto possível para auxiliar neste processo. Como resultado, são apresentados o desenvolvimento e a aplicação de um sistema capaz de realizar os procedimentos necessários para a obtenção dessas variáveis, incluindo a execução de expansão volumétrica, a partir de dados heterogêneos

Video game simulation on car driving: Analysis of participants’ gaze behavior and perception of usability, risk, and visual attention

The present article discusses video game simulation applied to research on driving a car. It presents an investigation into the ocular movements and perceptual aspects of the research subjects on their interactions in the experimental condition. Investigations into how interactions occur in this interface are important for the development of research. From the perspective of neuroergonomics, the objective was to investigate the opinion of the participants on usability, risk, and visual attention and to register the ocular movements necessary to control the vehicle in order to complement analyzes of the reported opinions. In neuroergonomics, applying simultaneous methods of analysis, especially able to explore brain activity such as through visual attention, is important to understand interactions in the human-machine interface. The results demonstrate that ocular movements (duration and frequency of fixations in areas of interest) are similar to non-simulated traffic situations. The usability of the simulator control interfaces are considered to be little similar to non-simulated conditions and modify the mode of driving the vehicle. Despite the reduced immersion provided by the simulator, the perception of risk is present, although very subjective. The reported perception of where visual attention is maintained during vehicle driving is consistent with ocular tracking records.

Video game simulation on car driving: Analysis of participants’ gaze behavior and perception of usability, risk, and visual attention

The present article discusses video game simulation applied to research on driving a car. It presents an investigation into the ocular movements and perceptual aspects of the research subjects on their interactions in the experimental condition. Investigations into how interactions occur in this interface are important for the development of research. From the perspective of neuroergonomics, the objective was to investigate the opinion of the participants on usability, risk, and visual attention and to register the ocular movements necessary to control the vehicle in order to complement analyzes of the reported opinions. In neuroergonomics, applying simultaneous methods of analysis, especially able to explore brain activity such as through visual attention, is important to understand interactions in the human-machine interface. The results demonstrate that ocular movements (duration and frequency of fixations in areas of interest) are similar to non-simulated traffic situations. The usability of the simulator control interfaces are considered to be little similar to non-simulated conditions and modify the mode of driving the vehicle. Despite the reduced immersion provided by the simulator, the perception of risk is present, although very subjective. The reported perception of where visual attention is maintained during vehicle driving is consistent with ocular tracking records.

ANÁLISE DESCRITIVA DO CONSUMO DE ÁLCOOL POR ESTUDANTES DO DISTRITO FEDERAL ATRAVÉS DA PESQUISA NACIONAL DE SAÚDE DO ESCOLAR (PeNSE) 2019

Alcohol consumption has become increasingly precocious among adolescents. Given this reality, the Ministry of Health (MS), together with the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), launched the National School Health Survey (PeNSE) in order to collect information on risk factors for the health of students aged 13 to 17 years to strengthen the decision-making process on actions to prevent and confront risk factors for health such as alcohol use. The objective is to analyze the results regarding alcohol use by schoolchildren (13 to 17 years old) from the National School Health Survey in the Federal District in 2019. It is a descriptive analysis of the results presented by PeNSE 2019 referring to alcohol use by students aged 13 to 17 years in the Federal District in 2019 compared with the literature on the subject. Alcohol consumption is higher by female schoolchildren (66.50%), in public schools (69.70%). In general, the prevalence of alcohol consumption in the age group 13 to 17 years showed high percentages in the Federal District. The study reached the proposed objective, but we understand the complexity of the theme on the behavior of adolescents regarding alcohol consumption, thus it is essential to understand the risk factors that lead to early consumption and determine coping strategies for its use by students.El consumo de alcohol es cada vez más precoz entre los adolescentes. Ante esta realidad, el Ministerio de Salud (MS), junto con el Instituto Brasileño de Geografía y Estadística (IBGE), lanzó la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Escolar (PeNSE) con el fin de recoger información sobre los factores de riesgo para la salud de los escolares de 13 a 17 años para fortalecer el proceso de toma de decisiones sobre las acciones para prevenir y enfrentar los factores de riesgo para la salud como el consumo de alcohol. El objetivo es analizar los resultados sobre el uso de alcohol en escolares (13 a 17 años) de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Escolar en el Distrito Federal en 2019. Se trata de un análisis descriptivo de los resultados presentados por la PeNSE 2019 referentes al uso de alcohol en escolares de 13 a 17 años en el Distrito Federal en 2019 comparados con la literatura sobre el tema. El consumo de alcohol es mayor en escolares mujeres (66,50%), en escuelas públicas (69,70%). En general, la prevalencia de consumo de alcohol en el grupo de edad de 13 a 17 años presentó porcentajes elevados en el Distrito Federal. El estudio alcanzó el objetivo propuesto, sin embargo, se entiende la complejidad del tema sobre el comportamiento de los adolescentes en relación con el consumo de alcohol, por lo que es esencial para comprender los factores de riesgo que conducen al consumo precoz y determinar las estrategias de afrontamiento para su uso por los estudiantes.O consumo de álcool tem sido cada vez mais precoce entre os adolescentes. Frente à essa realidade, o Ministério da Saúde (MS), juntamente com o Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE), lançou a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) com intuito de levantar informações sobre os fatores de risco à saúde de escolares com idade entre 13 e 17 anos para reforçar o processo decisório sobre as ações de prevenção e enfrentamento aos fatores de risco para a saúde como o uso de álcool. O objetivo é analisar os resultados referentes ao uso de álcool por escolares (13 a 17 anos) da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar no Distrito Federal em 2019. Trata-se de uma análise descritiva dos resultados apresentados pela PeNSE 2019 referente ao consumo de álcool por estudantes de 13 a 17 anos no Distrito Federal em 2019 comparada com a literatura sobre o tema. O consumo de álcool é maior por escolares do sexo feminino (66,50%), em escolas públicas (69,70%). De modo geral, a prevalência do consumo de álcool na faixa etária de 13 a 17 anos apresentou percentuais elevados no Distrito Federal. O estudo atingiu o objetivo proposto, porém compreende-se a complexidade da temática sobre o comportamento dos adolescentes frente ao consumo de álcool, deste modo, é fundamental compreender os fatores de risco que levam ao consumo precoce e determinar estratégias de enfrentamento ao seu uso por escolares

Inhalant abuse

 Inalantes são quaisquer substâncias gasosas, líquidas e até sólidas que, em temperatura ambiente ou sob aquecimento brando, são facilmente volatilizadas, sendo utilizadas nessa forma com propósito recreativo. Representam um problema mundial, pois são frequentemente usados de forma abusiva por crianças e adolescentes, já que são ampla e facilmente disponíveis em produtos usuais. Seus gases e vapores adentram o organismo por meio da via inalatória, e podem ser extremamente prejudiciais ao organismo, visto que agem sobre diversos órgãos e tecidos, promovendo toxicidade aguda que, em casos extremos, pode acarretar em morte do usuário. Ainda, o uso crônico foi correlacionado com o desenvolvimento de alterações deletérias, que aumentam as probabilidades de desenvolvimento de doenças crônicas e degenerativas. Tendo em vista que o Brasil é um dos países com maior incidência de abuso dessas substâncias e levando em conta a pouca atenção recebida para esse assunto, motivou-se a confecção desse artigo para melhor entendimento das consequências do uso abusivo dos inalantes.Inhalants include any gaseous, liquid and even solid substances at room temperature or under heating, that are easily volatilized, and used in such physical states for recreational purposes. It is a global problem, as children and adolescents often use them abusively, since these substances are widely and easily available in common products. Their gases and vapors enter the body through inhalation, and can be extremely harmful to the user, as they act on various organs and tissues, promoting acute toxicity, which in extreme cases can result in death. Furthermore, the chronic use has been correlated with the development of deleterious changes that increase the odds of developing chronic and degenerative diseases. Given that Brazil is one of the countries with the highest incidence of these substances abuse, and taking into account the little attention given to this matter, we decided to write this article for a better understanding of the consequences of inhalant abuse

Proximidade geográfica ainda importa para inovação? Considerações baseadas na interação universidade-empresa em contexto periférico

Interactions between universities and industry are essential for innovation systems, whereby the process is catalyzed by the proximity between these actors in different dimensions (cognitive, organizational, social, institutional and geographical). The present paper seeks to investigate the specific importance of geographical proximity for university-industry interactions during a specific moment in Brazil’s peripheral socioeconomic formation, with the construction of an institutional framework that proved favorable to peripheral innovation and the advancement of information and communication technologies that would dispense with co-location and face-to-face contact in collective learning processes. By applying multiple linear regression analysis and smallest space analysis (SSA) to a database obtained from an extensive survey, it was observed that, associated with the cognitive dimension, geographical proximity still prevails in interactions for innovation in peripheral contexts.Interações entre universidades e empresas são essenciais para sistemas de inovação, com o processo catalisado pela proximidade entre esses atores em diferentes dimensões (cognitiva, organizacional, social, institucional e geográfica). O presente trabalho pretende promover a compreensão da importância da proximidade geográfica para interações universidade-empresa em um momento histórico específico da formação socioeconômica brasileira, quando se observavam a construção de um arcabouço institucional favorável à inovação periférica e o avanço das tecnologias de informação e comunicação que dispensariam a colocalização e o contato face a face em processos de aprendizagem coletiva. A aplicação de análises de Regressão Linear Múltipla e da Smallest Space Analysis (SSA) a uma base de dados obtida em 2008, resultante de uma survey extensiva, permitiu observar que, associada à dimensão cognitiva, a proximidade geográfica prevalece em interações para inovação em contextos periféricos

O modelo de referência OAIS e a preservação digital distribuída

This paper presents the OAIS reference model (Open Archival Information System) and its relation to the distributed digital preservation. That required a literature review on the subject and using an example of a distributed digital preservation tool, LOCKSS, in analogy to the precepts observed on OAIS. It is conclusive that the adoption of distributed digital preservation can be seen as a viable alternative for the preservation of scientific-technical, cultural and patrimonial documents