Children with SEN, experimental teaching of sciences and environmental education: integrative perspective

[Resumo] O presente artigo tem como finalidade dar a conhecer algumas atividades desenvolvidas com alunos com Necessidades Educativas Especiais (NEE), pertencentes a uma turma de 1.º ano de escolaridade, recorrendo à metodologia enformada pelo Ensino Experimental das Ciências e a temáticas ambientais pertinentes, como, por exemplo, a utilização da água enquanto recurso cada vez mais escasso, domínio em que a Educação Ambiental se revela preponderante. Pretende-se que os alunos com NEE sejam cidadãos o mais autónomos e interventivos possível, numa sociedade cada vez mais complexa e consumista, onde as escolhas de todos em geral, e de cada um em particular, poderão fazer a diferença em termos de utilização racional e sustentável de recursos escassos e ameaçados pela má gestão do ser humano. Uma escola inclusiva tem a função, enquanto instituição, de criar condições para que todos os alunos aprendam juntos, independentemente das dificuldades e das diferenças, tal como preconizado pela Declaração de Salamanca. Sendo a temática da água um conteúdo curricular de abordagem obrigatória para todos os alunos, foi elaborado um conjunto de atividades práticas e experimentais com o intuito de os ajudar a tomar consciência da importância da correta gestão da água e do envolvimento de todos para alcançar tal propósito. Na sequência da participação dos alunos nestas atividades, verificou-se que conseguiram fazer conexões com outras realidades relacionadas com a temática, extrapolando para situações do quotidiano.[Abstract] The purpose of this article is to reveal the activities developed with a small group of students with special educational needs (SEN), belonging to a class of 1st year of primary education, using Experimental Teaching of Sciences methodology and relevant environmental themes, such as the use of drinking water as an increasingly scarce resource, educational domain in which Environmental Education is preponderant. It is intended that students with SEN be the most autonomous and interventional citizens possible in an increasingly complex and consumerist society where the choices of everyone in general, and of each one in particular, can make the di erence in terms of rational use and sustainable use of resources scarce and threatened by human mismanagement. An inclusive school has the function, as an institution, to create conditions for all students to learn together, regardless of di culties and di erences, as recommended by the Salamanca Declaration. Since the theme of water is a compulsory curricular content for all students, a set of practical and experimental activities were developed to help them become aware of the importance of proper water management and the involvement of all to achieve this purpose. Following the participation of the students in these activities, it was veri ed that they were able to make connections with other realities related to the subject, extrapolating to everyday situation

La intervención humor en la interacción enfermero-paciente

Objective: To describe the factors influencing the use of humor in nursing care, its applicability and benefits. Method: A scoping review was performed using the Arksey and O’Mally methodology. A search for articles published between 2008 and 2018 was performed using the platforms EBSCO Host, Virtual Health Library and Google Scholar. Results: From the initial 465 articles found, 17 were included for final revision. Data allowed to retrieve information on humor definition; its applicability as a nursing intervention; humor as a tool to improve nurse-patient communication and relationship; influence factors; type of humor interventions; humor benefits in health care context and; limitations and precautions of humor intervention. Conclusion: The use of humor promotes both communication and human interaction; it promotes well-being; helps deal/cope with difficult and unpleasant situations, reduces tension, discomfort and stress; and strengthens the immune system. This intervention should be used with caution

Subjective wellbeing, sense of humor and psychological health in hemodialysis patients

Objective: To investigate the relationship between satisfaction with life in general, sense of humor, and anxiety, depression and stress with subjective happiness in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional and correlational study was developed in two units of the Diaverum dialysis clinic and one hospital unit, with 183 chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis. An instrument was used to characterize the sociodemographic and clinical profile of the sample (age, gender, nationality, education, occupation, marital status, dialysis sessions length, presence of hypertension and diabetes): the subjective happiness scale; the satisfaction with life in general; depression, anxiety and stress scale 21; and multidimensional sense of humor scale. Inferential procedures included Spearman correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression adjusting to age, marital status, professional activity and diabetes.Results: Subjective Happiness was positively correlated with satisfaction with life in general, and the three dimensions of Sense of Humor. Nevertheless, subjective happiness was negatively correlated with stress / anxiety and depression. Satisfaction with life in general, humor production and social use of humor, and attitude towards humor had a positive relationship with subjective happiness. However, depression had a negative relationship with subjective happiness. Conclusions: Higher levels of subjective happiness were associated with higher levels of satisfaction with life in general, and sense of humor, however they were also associated with lower levels of depression in patients undergoing hemodialysis

Vinculação crianças em creche

Esta investigação tem como objectivo principal estudar o papel da vinculação da criança à creche, desde os seis aos trinta e seis meses de idade, isto é, aquando da sua entrada para a creche. Para tal, e com recurso a uma metodologia qualitativa, desenvolveram-se dois questionários, aplicados a pais e funcionários, e uma checklist de observação, que abrangeu 10 crianças, em momentos específicos como a chegada e a partida da criança.Este estudo permite concluir que a vinculação da criança em creche é fundamental para o seu desenvolvimento salutar, uma vez que quanto mais segura se sentir a criança mais fácil será a sua adaptação. Neste processo, quer os pais quer os profissionais, com maior relevância os educadores, desempenham um papel preponderante.This research has as main aim studying the role of children´s tie to Nursery School, since the six to thirty six months of age, meaning, when they begin their school life. Therefore and using a quality methodology, we carry out two surveys applied to Parents and Nursery School Employees and an observation checklist, which included ten children in specific moments, as the children´s arrival and the children´s departure. This study allows concluding that the children´s tie to Nursery School is of the utmost importance to their healthy development, because as more secure they feel, easier will be their adaptation. In this process, Parents as much as Professionals, mainly, Nursery School Teachers play a determinant role

Evaluation of allergic rhinitis and asthma control in a Portuguese community pharmacy setting

BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis and asthma (ARA) are frequent respiratory diseases that often coexist, causing a high social and economic impact. It is important to maintain ARA disease control to reduce the disease burden. OBJECTIVE: To assess control in patients with 1 or both pathologies through the application of validated questionnaires at community pharmacies. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the pharmacies of the Portuguese county of Covilhã (located in the central region of Portugal with about 53,000 inhabitants). Subjects aged between 18 and 70 years who presented a prescription for an asthma and/or allergic rhinitis medication were invited to participate in the study by responding to a questionnaire that included the Control of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma Test (CARAT). The CARAT is a validated tool to simultaneously assess the control of ARA with scores that range from 0 to 30 points, 0 meaning the worst and 30 meaning the best possible control of disease. RESULTS: Of the 224 participants, 58% were female and the median age was 48.5 years. The median CARAT score was 19 (mean = 17.8 ± 5136.4), and 87% of participants had a score < 25, indicating noncontrolled disease. Female participants, the elderly, and those with less school education responded with scores that demonstrated significantly less disease control. CONCLUSIONS: Using a simple self-assessment questionnaire, such as the CARAT, pharmacists can help identify patients with uncontrolled ARA disease, which is an important first step to change patients’ knowledge about their disease, with an ultimate goal of improving ARA outcomes.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Technologies, infrastructures and migrations: material citizenship politics

This article aims to explore the multiple uses and consequences of different technologies and infrastructures in the context of migrations and how such uses and consequences inhabit and transform migrants’ rights and subjectivities. It reviews relevant literature at the intersection of citizenship, critical migration studies and science and technology studies (STS), focusing in particular on the current debates underway within critical citizenship studies that examine how technologies and infrastructures shape the ability to acts of citizenship. By mobilizing insights from STS, we focus on how these political subjectivities are shaped by certain sociomaterial and epistemic practices. By introducing the notion of material citizenship politics, the article outlines a way to differentiate three different constitutive forms between technologies, infrastructures and citizenship in migrations. Technologies and infrastructures can (1) constrain acts of citizenship in migration and border regimes; (2) constitute contestation and participation over citizenship; or (3) enable and shape alternative acts of citizenship in migration and border regimes. As it provides a theoretical background to the special issue, the article also serves as the introduction to the issue.This work has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the EU Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Consolidation grant, agreement No. [648608]), within the project `EXCHANGE -Forensic geneticists and the transnational exchange of DNA data in the EU: Engaging science with social control, citizenship and democracy', led by Helena Machado and hosted at the Institute for Social Sciences of at the University of Minho, Portugal. Furthermore, this work is funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT/MEC) through national funds within the scope of the CES-SOC/UID/50012/2020 Strategic Project

Hybrid approach of fractal and linguistic forecasting of winter wheat yields in Southern Rússia

The article investigated and formed the imperatives of the impact of the external natural environment on the grain yield in the south of Russia, forcing to abandon the simplified classical concepts and methods of analysis. The author's research concept defines quantitative risk analysis, as a category, inverse forecast, which is possible only on the basis of economic and mathematical modeling. The modern theory of assessing measures of economic risks, forecasting and managing them is still far from adequate to the real needs of practical agricultural management. This determines the main feature of modern risk, which is its total and comprehensive nature. It is difficult to manage risks in regions with frequent droughts, which are classified as areas of risk farming. The methodology of studying risks in the field of agriculture is based on the study of the dynamics of the natural environment of growing crops, the conjuncture uncertainty of the external economic environment, the variability of land management technologies. Climatic and agrometeorological conditions are becoming an important factor affecting crop yields. The yield series accumulates information about the fluctuation of weather conditions and their influence on the yield, they contain information about certain regularities that synergy relates to the concept of “long-term memory”. The paper describes the features of the spectrum of climatic conditions affecting socio-economic indicators, the growth and yield of grain (winter wheat) in southern Russia, as well as the results of the implementation of the author-hybrid approach to the fractal and linguistic forecasting of winter wheat yield in southern Russia.This work was supported by the RFBR grant № 17-06-00354,19-410-230022р_аinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

O acolhimento de refugiados recolocados em Portugal: a intervenção das instituições locais

O afluxo de refugiados à Europa e a implementação de um programa europeu de recolocação é um desafio para a União Europeia, mas também para Portugal, o qual se mostrou bastante recetivo para acolher um elevado número de refugiados, tendo, para o efeito, a Comissão Europeia estabelecido uma quota nacional de 1.642 refugiados. Face à ausência de uma tradição histórica de acolhimento de refugiados e à falta de estruturas estatais para o fazer, o programa de recolocação português está largamente fundado na sociedade civil, que independentemente da decisão política se mobilizou nesse sentido. Deste modo, o acolhimento dos refugiados recolocados em Portugal foi desenvolvido por um conjunto de organizações caracterizadas pela diversidade institucional e de objetivos e pela dispersão geográfica. Para compreender o modo como este processo está a decorrer, nomeadamente o papel e as práticas das instituições locais, estamos a realizar o projeto de investigação “Integração de refugiados em Portugal: papel e práticas das instituições de acolhimento”. Em termos metodológicos, é feita uma combinação de métodos qualitativos e quantitativos. Assim, numa primeira fase, foram realizadas entrevistas exploratórias a representantes de entidades públicas e instituições privadas com intervenção no processo de acolhimento, com o objetivo de nos permitir fazer uma primeira aproximação ao objeto de estudo e perceber os principais eixos do fenómeno social em análise. Numa segunda fase, foi aplicado um questionário online às instituições envolvidas com o objetivo de perceber quais as suas motivações, como decorreu o processo de acolhimento e que balanço fazem do mesmo. Neste texto apresenta-se uma síntese preliminar parcial dos dados recolhidos. Os resultados preliminares recolhidos mostram que ocorreu um movimento significativo de mobilização social e institucional em Portugal, por razões de caráter solidário e humanitário, com numerosas instituições locais a acolherem e a acompanharem o processo de integração dos refugiados recolocados, apesar da maioria delas não ter qualquer experiência prévia de trabalho com refugiados.Programa FAMI - projeto PT/2017/FAMI/151info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Aprendizagem com base na resolução de problemas através de recursos educativos digitais

Dissertação de Mestrado em Supervisão Pedagógica apresentada à Universidade AbertaEm qualquer nível de ensino, assiste-se cada vez mais ao entrosamento entre o currículo e o digital. Neste sentido, este estudo emerge da necessidade de analisar e compreender as implicações na aprendizagem e na autoeficácia dos alunos, o uso de recursos educativos digitais na placa branca, numa perspetiva de ensino orientada para a resolução de problemas. Esses recursos nunca tinham sido estudados neste tipo de população e por isso este é um estudo inovador. Os recursos foram usados no tema “Átomos, moléculas e reações químicas” da componente de Química da disciplina de Ciências Físico-Químicas, do oitavo ano de escolaridade do terceiro ciclo do ensino básico. Adotamos uma metodologia do tipo quasi-experimental aplicada a duas turmas do referido ano de escolaridade que constituíram o grupo de controlo, em que não se fez uso dos recursos interativos digitais, e o grupo experimental, grupo em que estes recursos foram aplicados. Os dados foram recolhidos através dos seguintes instrumentos: antes da lecionação do tema supracitado, aplicou-se um teste de conhecimentos conceptuais (pré-teste) e um questionário de opinião sobre a autoeficácia dos alunos. Após o terminus da temática que serviu de base à investigação, recolheram-se os dados através de um teste de conhecimentos de química e repetiu-se todo o processo referido anteriormente, materializado num pós teste e questionário de opinião. Da análise dos resultados podem ser retiradas entre outras, as seguintes conclusões: a aplicação dos recursos interativos digitais no grupo experimental não conduziu a uma superioridade em termos de realização de escolar dos alunos e as crenças de autoeficácia mantiveram-se inalteradas durante a investigação comparativamente com o grupo de controlo. Assim, sugere-se a realização de mais estudos centrados no ensino destes e de outros temas utilizando recursos educativos digitais no quadro interativo numa amostra com maior dimensão e durante maior período de intervenção.At any teaching level, the meshing of both curriculum and digital world is progressively growing. In this sense, this study emerges from the need to analyze the use of digital learning resources on the white board (flipcharts), and understand its implications in the students’ both learning and self-effectiveness in a teaching perspective oriented towards the resolution of problems in the topic. These learning resources have never been studied in this kind of population, that’s why this study is considered innovative. We used this resources in the module “Atoms, Molecules and Chemical Reactions” included in the chemistry component of the school subject Physics and Chemistry Sciences. This subject is taught in year eight, key stage three. We adopted a quasi-experimental type of methodology applied to two classes in year eight. We defined the control students’ group with whom no use of learning resources was made, and the experimental students’ group with whom those resources were applied. The data was collected with the following instruments: before the teaching of the mentioned topic, a conceptual knowledge test (pre-test) and an opinion quiz on the students’ self-effectiveness were used. After concluding the intervention, all the data was collected using a chemistry test and all the process previously mentioned was repeated, with a post-test and an opinion quiz. From the analysis of the results, we can highlight, among others, the following conclusions: the use of digital learning resources in the experimental group did not lead to higher school achievement neither higher beliefs of self-effectiveness, which have remained unaltered during this study, compared to the control groups results. Therefore we may suggest carrying out more studies focused on the teaching of these and other topics using digital learning resources on the interactive board applied to a larger sample for a longer period of intervention