Distribuição dos moluscos terrestres da ilha do Pico (Açores) e variabilidade de Oxychilus (Droutia) minor (Morelet, 1860)

XII Expedição Científica do Departamento de Biologia - Pico 2005.Os moluscos terrestres da ilha do Pico têm sido objecto de estudos vários, mas sobre eles de facto pouco se tem publicado. Arthur Morelet, na sua expedição aos Açores em companhia de Henri Drouët, visitou a ilha em 1857 e, em 1860, naquela que foi a primeira grande obra sobre a malacologia açoriana, elencou as espécies encontradas naquela visita. Ali Morelet (1860) descreveu Pupa [= Leiostyla] rugulosa com base num único indivíduo encontrado no Pico, tornando-se esta a primeira espécie endémica de moluscos terrestres adstrita àquela ilha. Se bem que trabalhos posteriores hajam registado esta espécie em outras ilhas (veja Cunha et al., 2005), impõe-se uma revisão deste grupo com base não apenas em caracteres conquiológicos mas sobretudo anatómicos e moleculares no intuito de serem compreendidas as posições taxonómicas e relações filogenéticas destes taxa nas várias ilhas. Para além desta espécie, aquele naturalista francês menciona para o Pico uma variedade â de Limax rufus [Arion lusitanicus], espécie espalhada por outras ilhas açorianas. Morelet (1860) serviu-se ainda das suas observações no Pico para a descrição de outras espécies que reconheceu estarem distribuídas pelas restantes ilhas; tal foi o caso dos ellobiídeos halofílicos Auricula [=Ovatella] vulcani, endemismo açórico, e Auricula bicolor e Auricula vespertina que são consideradas sinónimos de Myosotella myosotis. Para além do que acima foi indicado, apenas mais quatro espécies terrestres mereceram para Morelet menção expressa da ilha do Pico: Helix [= Caracollina] lenticula, uma introdução da Europa então ainda raramente observada nos Açores, Helix [= Heterostoma] paupercula, uma introdução da Madeira igualmente rara, e Bulimus [= Macaronapaeus] forbesianus, um endemismo circunscrito ao Grupo Central. No início do século XX, o barão W. Rothschild realizou uma expedição aos Açores cujas recolhas depositou no Natural History Museum, Londres; entre o material recolhido, mas nunca trabalhado, figuram sete exemplares de Macaronapaeus imaculadamente brancos (BMNH 1903-10-8.175-181), que se crê relacionados com o endemismo terceirense Macaronapaeus alabastrinus, mas cuja decisão aguarda revisão taxonómica apropriada. Nobre (1924) recolheu esta espécie nos arredores do Cais do Pico e menciona-a como Bulimus pruninus mas Backhuys (1975), ciente embora da lista de Nobre, nem se lhe refere; estes autores, porém, se bem que hajam contribuído imensamente para o conhecimento da malacofauna açórica, pouco acrescentaram à lista de Morelet em matéria de novidade endémica para a ilha do Pico

Psoriatic arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis impact on health-related quality of life and working life : a comparative population-based study

© 2001-2020 Sociedade Portuguesa de ReumatologiaIntroduction: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are chronic disorders that significantly impact patients’ quality of life (QoL), health care systems and society. There is very limited data on the epidemiology and the impact of PsA and AS in Portugal, so in this study we aim to: 1) estimate the prevalence of PsA and AS in the adult Portuguese population; 2) compare health-related quality of life (QoL) of PsA and AS with the one of other rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMD) and with subjects with no rheumatic diseases; 3) compare early retirement and productivity loss among PsA and AS with other RMD. Methods: We used data from EpiReumaPt, a population-based survey, conducted from 2011 to 2013, in which 10661 subjects, over 18 years old, were screened for RMD. Spondyloarthritis (SpA) was defined by a positive expert opinion combined with the fulfillment of the Assessment of Spondyloarthritis International Society (ASAS) criteria for axial and peripheral SpA. Estimates were computed as weighted proportions considering the study design. Logistic regressions were used to compare AS/PsA subjects with other RMD and the adult Portuguese population without rheumatic diseases. Results: Prevalence rate of SpA was of 1.6% (95% CI 1.2% to 2.1%). Subjects with AS or PsA had worse QoL, reflected by EQ5D score when compared with the adult Portuguese population without rheumatic diseases (b=- 0.08; p=0.031). AS and PsA also had worse QoL when compared with participants with other RMD (b=-0.22; p>0.001). AS and in comparison to patients with other RMD, PsA subjects retired early due to their illness (OR=4.95; 95% CI 1.54% to 15.93%). A significant proportion of patients with SpA (13.6%) referred absenteeism in the previous 12 months to the interview. Conclusions: AS and PsA were found to be associated with poor QoL and a high rate of disease-related early retirement, emphasizing the burden of such rheumatic conditions in Portugal.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A Comparative Population-Based Study

INTRODUCTION: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are chronic disorders that significantly impact patients' quality of life (QoL), health care systems and society. There is very little data on the epidemiology and the impact of PsA and AS in Portugal, so in this study we aim to: 1) estimate the prevalence of PsA and AS in the adult Portuguese population; 2) compare health-related quality of life (QoL) of PsA and AS with the one of other rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMD) and with subjects with no rheumatic diseases; 3) compare early retirement and productivity loss among PsA and AS with other RMD. METHODS: We used data from EpiReumaPt, a population-based survey, conducted from 2011 to 2013, in which 10661 subjects over 18 years old were screened for RMD. Spondyloarthritis (SpA) was defined by a positive expert opinion combined with the fulfillment of the assessment of spondyloarthritis international society (ASAS) criteria for axial and peripheral SpA. Estimates were computed as weighted proportions considering the study design. Logistic regressions were used to compare AS/PsA subjects with other RMD and the adult Portuguese population without rheumatic diseases. RESULTS: Prevalence rate of SpA was 1.6% (95% CI 1.2% to 2.1%). Subjects with AS or PsA had worse QoL, reflected by EQ5D score when compared with the adult Portuguese population without rheumatic diseases (β=- 0.08; p=0.031). AS and PsA also had worst QoL when compared with participants with other RMD (β=-0.22; p>0.001). AS and in comparison to patients with other RMD, PsA subjects retired early due to their illness (OR=4.95; 95% CI 1.54% to 15.93%). A significant proportion of patients with SpA (13.6%) referred absenteeism in the previous 12 months to the interview. CONCLUSIONS: AS and PsA were found to be associated with poor QoL and a high rate of disease-related early retirement, emphasizing the burden of such rheumatic conditions in Portugal.publishersversionpublishe

Is food insecurity related to health-care use, access and absenteeism?

© The Authors 2019. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly citedObjective: Food insecurity (FI) is defined as uncertain access to healthy food in quantity and quality. We hypothesize that FI may be associated with greater health-care use and absenteeism because it may amplify the effect of diseases; also, FI may be associated with reduced health-care access because it reflects economic vulnerability. The present study estimates the association between FI and health-care use and access, and absenteeism. Design: Cross-sectional data collected in 2015-2016. Health-care use was measured as the number of consultations, taking any drug and having been hospitalized in the past year. Health-care access was measured by the suspension of medication and having fewer consultations due to financial constraints. Absenteeism was measured by the weeks of sickness leave. Binary variables were modelled as a function of FI using logistic regressions; continuous variables were modelled as a function of FI using negative binomial and zero-inflated negative binomial regressions. Covariates were included sequentially. Setting: Portugal. Participants: Non-institutionalized adults from the EpiDoc3 cohort (n 5648). Results: FI was significantly associated with health-care use before controlling for socio-economic conditions and quality of life. Moderate/severe FI was positively related to the suspension of medicines (adjusted OR = 4·68; 95 % CI 3·11, 6·82) and to having fewer consultations (adjusted OR = 3·98; 95 % CI 2·42, 6·37). FI and absenteeism were not significantly associated. Conclusions: Our results support the hypothesis that FI reflects precariousness, which hinders access to health care. The greater use of health care among food-insecure people is explained by their worse quality of life and lower socio-economic condition, so that the specific role of poor nutrition is unclear.This study was funded by a NOVASaude unrestricted research grant; and the Public Health Initiatives Programme (PT06), financed by EEA Grants Financial Mechanism 2009–2014info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Estudio de foraminífiros bentónicos en escala mensual en una bahía subtropical moderadamente afectada por efluentes urbanos

Benthic foraminifera were sampled monthly during a one-year period in order to examine their biological response to the environmental factors in the Ubatuba Bay (northern coast of São Paulo State, Brazil). The area is a popular tourist destination with a population that varies during the year, as does the untreated sewage carried into the bay by the rivers. Four sites were analysed. Each station is near one of the rivers that discharge into the bay. Biological data were analysed with multivariate and univariate techniques. The influence of the abiotic parameters on the foraminiferal fauna was inferred through statistical methods and time correlation functions. Geochemical and populational parameter differences allowed the sites to be separated into two groups according to their stress conditions. One group was dominated by Ammonia tepida—a herbivore species—and showed higher densities indicating a more productive and less contaminated location. The other one was dominated by Buliminella elegantissima—a detritivore species. Species diversity did not seem to be a good indicator of environmental health in this area due to the low densities and the high dominance of few species. Nevertheless, density and richness were used as evidence of local productivity and environmental conditions. Quasi-azoic moments related to the high degree of contamination were observed. Anthropogenic effects were stronger in the austral summer period, when sewage input through the rivers increases due to mass tourism.Fueron analizados foraminíferos bentónicos en cuatro estaciones muestreadas mensualmente con la intención de investigar la respuesta biológica a los factores ambientales en la Ensenada de Ubatuba (costa noreste de São Paulo, Brasil). El área es un importante local turístico cuya población fluctúa a través del año y recibe efluentes no tratados a través de los ríos que en ella desembocan. Fueron analizados cuatro locales. Cada estación se encuentra localizada próxima a uno de los cuatro ríos que desembocan en la bahía. Los datos biológicos fueron analizados con técnicas uni y multivariadas. La influencia de los parámetros abióticos sobre la fauna de foraminíferos fue inferida a través de métodos estadísticos y de funciones de correlación temporal. Parámetros geoquímicas y poblacionales permitieron distinguir dos grupos de estaciones que reflejan las condiciones de estrés local. Uno de los grupos estuvo dominado por Ammonia tepida –especie herbívora– y se mostró más productivo y menos contaminado. El otro local estuvo dominado por Buliminella elegantísima –especie detritívora. La diversidad especifica no se mostró un buen indicador de la salud ambiental en esta región debido a las bajas densidades y a la alta dominancia de unas pocas especies. Sin embargo, la densidad y riqueza pudieron ser utilizadas como evidencias de la productividad local y condiciones ambientales. Fueron observados momentos casi azoicos relacionados con el alto grado de contaminación. Los efectos antropogénicos fueron mayores durante el período de verano austral, cuando la entrada de deshechos domésticos a través de los ríos aumenta como consecuencia del incremento del turismo

Food Insecurity Is Associated with Low Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Adverse Health Conditions in Portuguese Adults

Background: Food insecurity is a limited or uncertain access to the adequate food and is a significant public health problem. We aimed to assess determinants of food insecurity and the corresponding health impact in Portugal, a southern European country that faced a severe economic crisis. Methods: Data were derived from the Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases Cohort Study (EpiDoC), a population-based cohort of 10,661 individuals that were representative of the Portuguese adult population and followed since 2011. A cross-sectional analysis of the third wave of evaluation (EpiDoC 3) was performed between 2015 and 2016. Food insecurity was assessed with the household food insecurity psychometric scale. Socioeconomic, demographic, lifestyle, adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD), self-reported non-communicable disease, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) (EQ-5D-3L), physical function (HAQ score), and health resource consumption information was also collected. Results: The estimated proportion of food insecurity was 19.3% among a total of 5,653 participants. Food insecure households had low adherence to the MD (OR = 0.44; 95% IC 0.31-0.62). In addition, diabetes (OR = 1.69; 95% IC 1.20-2.40), rheumatic disease (OR = 1.67; 95% IC 1.07-2.60), and depression symptoms (OR = 1.50; 95% IC 1.09-2.06) were independently associated with food insecurity. On average, food insecure households had a lower HRQoL (OR = 0.18; 95% IC 0.11-0.31) and a higher disability (OR = 2.59; 95% IC 2.04-3.29). A significantly higher proportion of food insecure households reported being hospitalized (OR = 1.57; 95% IC 1.18-2.07) and had more public hospital medical appointments (OR = 1.48; 95% IC 1.12-1.94) in the previous 12 months. Conclusion: We found that food insecurity is highly prevalent in Portugal. Food insecurity was associated with low adherence to the MD, non-communicable chronic diseases, lower quality of life, and higher health resource consumption. Therefore, this study provides valuable insight into the relationship between food security and the diet and health of the population during an economic crisis.publishersversionpublishe

Actividades de educação ambiental realizadas pelo CCPA no decorrer da XIII Expedição Científica do Departamento de Biologia – Flores e Corvo 2007

XIII Expedição Científica do Departamento de Biologia - Flores e Corvo 2007.Tendo em conta a crescente importância da educação ambiental para a construção da cidadania, força motriz de um desenvolvimento sustentável, o Centro de Conservação e Protecção do Ambiente (CCPA) promoveu a realização de diversas actividades de cariz teórico-prático sobre questões ambientais e de valorização do património biológico, junto dos utentes da Ecoteca das Flores e dos alunos da Escola Básica Integrada das Colmeias e da Escola EB 2.3/S de Melgaço, que participaram na XIII Expedição Científica do Departamento de Biologia às ilhas das Flores e Corvo

[factors Associated With Condom Use And Knowledge About Std/aids Among Teenagers In Public And Private Schools In São Paulo, Brazil].

This study aimed to compare knowledge about STD/AIDS and identify the factors associated with adequate knowledge and consistent use of male condoms in teenagers from public and private schools in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. We selected 1,594 adolescents ranging 12 to 19 years of age in 13 public schools and 5 private schools to complete a questionnaire on knowledge of STD/AIDS and use of male condoms. Prevalence ratios were computed with a 95% confidence interval. The score on STD knowledge used a cutoff point corresponding to 50% of correct answers. Statistical tests were chi-square and Poisson multiple regression. Consistent use of male condoms was 60% in private and 57.1% in public schools (p > 0.05) and was associated with male gender and lower socioeconomic status. Female gender, higher schooling, enrollment in private school, Caucasian race, and being single were associated with higher knowledge of STDs. Teenagers from public and private schools have adequate knowledge of STD prevention, however this does not include the adoption of effective prevention. Educational programs and STD/AIDS awareness-raising should be expanded in order to minimize vulnerability.22315-2

[dental Caries Experience In Children At Public And Private Schools From A City With Fluoridated Water].

The aim of this study was to verify the relationship between type of school as a measure of socioeconomic conditions and caries prevalence among preschoolers and schoolchildren in Rio Claro, São Paulo State, Brazil, a city with fluoridated water supply. The data were secondary, from a sample of 888 children 5 to 12 years old enrolled in private and public schools. Caries was measured by the dmft and DMFT indices as well as the Care index. Qui-square and Mann-Whitney tests were utilized with 5% significance. In 5-year-old children, mean dmft was 2.50, and 42.20% were caries-free. At age 12, mean DMFT was 2.70 and 28.90% were caries-free. Caries prevalence rates in public schoolchildren as compared to private were 74.50% and 61.20%, respectively (p < 0.0001), and the dmft and DMFT scores were the highest in public schoolchildren (p < 0.05). The Care Index was higher in private schoolchildren (71.20%) as compared to public (52.80%). Highest caries rates were found among public schoolchildren, so the variable type of school proved sensitive for discriminating different oral health conditions; however limitations need to be recognized, suggesting that other variables should be assessed.20522-

Actividades realizadas pelo CCPA no decorrer da XII Expedição Científica do Departamento de Biologia - Pico/2005

XII Expedição Científica do Departamento de Biologia - Pico 2005.O Centro de Conservação e Protecção do Ambiente (CCPA) do Departamento de Biologia (DB) promove acções de Educação Ambiental junto das populações. Neste âmbito, a nossa deslocação à ilha do Pico teve como principal objectivo realizar acções de sensibilização e promoção da melhoria do estado de conservação do meio ambiente. As nossas acções tiveram como público-alvo sobretudo crianças e jovens, e como tal pretendeu-se que as mesmas tivessem lugar na Ecoteca do Pico e nas Escolas Básicas e Secundárias locais