Mental Health Patients' Expectations about the Non-Medical Care They Receive in Primary Care: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study

A health system's responsiveness is the result of patient expectations for the non-medical care they receive. The objective of this study was to assess mental patients' responsiveness to the health system in primary care, as related to the domains of dignity, autonomy, confidentiality, and communication. Data were collected from 215 people over the age of 18 with mental disorders, using the Multi-Country Survey Study (MCSS) developed by the World Health Organization. Of them, 95% reported a good experience regarding the dignity, confidentiality, communication, and autonomy domains. Regarding responsiveness, patients valued the dignity domain as the most important one (25.1%). Among the patients who experienced poor confidentiality, five out of seven earned less than 900 euros per month (X-2 = 10.8, p = 0.004). Among those who experienced good autonomy, 85 out of 156 belonged to the working social class (90.4%), and among those who valued it as poor (16.1%), the highest proportion was for middle class people (X-2 = 13.1, p = 0.028). The two students and 87.5% of retirees experienced this dimension as good, and most patients who valued it as poor were unemployed (43.5%) (X-2 = 13.0, p = 0.011). Patients with a household income higher than 900 euros more frequently valued responsiveness as good, regarding those domains related to communication, with OR = 3.84, 95% CI = 1.05-14.09, and confidentiality, with OR = 10.48, 95% CI = 1.94-56.59. To conclude, as regards responsiveness in primary care, the dignity domain always obtained the best scores by people with mental disorders. Low economic income is related to a poor assessment of confidentiality. Working class patients, students, and retirees value autonomy as good

¿Difieren las influencias personales, sociales, ambientales y psicológicas en la actividad física en base al tipo desplazamiento al centro escolar?

El objetivo del estudio es conocer el papel de un desplazamiento activo o pasivo en un modelo con influencias económicas, como la ocupación del padre y de la madre, psicológicas, como la percepción individual de salud, y variables demográficas sobre la actividad física. 1618 adolescentes (734 chicas) de primero a cuarto curso de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria (Medad = 14.46; DT = 1.28), muestra representativa de Aragón (3 %), contestaron cuestionarios sobre las variables estudiadas. El modelo de ecuaciones estructurales mixto multigrupo para clases conocidas muestra que en aquellos adolescentes que se desplazan activamente al centro escolar, su salud percibida está muy relacionada con su actividad física, y con el nivel socioeconómico parental, mientras que la influencia de género y edad permanece constante entre subpoblaciones. The study aim is to analyze the role of active vs. passive commuting in a model with socio economic influences, father and mother professional level, psychological influences, as perceived health, and demographic variables as gender and age related with physical activity. A representative sample of Aragon (3 %), 1618 adolescents (734 girls) between 1o and 4o years of Education Secondary Obligatory (Mean age = 14.46, SD = 1.28 years) completed questionnaires to assess the studied variables. The mixture structural modeling multigroup with known classes shows that the perceived health of active commuting adolescents are strongly related with physical activity and socioeconomic status. Gender and age are related with physical activity in sedentary and active commuting groups

Analysis of gene expression data from non-small celllung carcinoma cell lines reveals distinct sub-classesfrom those identified at the phenotype level

Microarray data from cell lines of Non-Small Cell Lung Carcinoma (NSCLC) can be used to look for differences in gene expression between the cell lines derived from different tumour samples, and to investigate if these differences can be used to cluster the cell lines into distinct groups. Dividing the cell lines into classes can help to improve diagnosis and the development of screens for new drug candidates. The micro-array data is first subjected to quality control analysis and then subsequently normalised using three alternate methods to reduce the chances of differences being artefacts resulting from the normalisation process. The final clustering into sub-classes was carried out in a conservative manner such that subclasses were consistent across all three normalisation methods. If there is structure in the cell line population it was expected that this would agree with histological classifications, but this was not found to be the case. To check the biological consistency of the sub-classes the set of most strongly differentially expressed genes was be identified for each pair of clusters to check if the genes that most strongly define sub-classes have biological functions consistent with NSCLC

Final countdown for biodiversity hotspots

Most of Earth's biodiversity is found in 36 biodiversity hotspots, yet less than 10% natural intact vegetation remains. We calculated models projecting the future state of most of these hotspots for the year 2050, based on future climatic and agroeconomic pressure. Our models project an increasing demand for agricultural land resulting in the conversion of >50% of remaining natural intact vegetation in about one third of all hotspots, and in 2-6 hotspots resulting from climatic pressure. This confirms that, in the short term, habitat loss is of greater concern than climate change for hotspots and their biodiversity. Hotspots are most severely threatened in tropical Africa and parts of Asia, where demographic pressure and the demand for agricultural land is highest. The speed and magnitude of pristine habitat loss is, according to our models, much greater than previously shown when combining both scenarios on future climatic and agroeconomic pressure

Distinción Entre Electrogramas de Fibrilación Auricular Paroxística Frente a Persistente para Evaluación del Sustrato Auricular en Procedimientos de Ablación por Catéter

[ES] Para contribuir a un abordaje optimizado de la ablacion por cateter (AC) de fibrilacion auricular (FA), durante los ultimos anos se han introducido complicados indices destinados a discriminar FA paroxistica de persistente (FApar vs. FAper) aplicados sobre electrogramas auriculares fraccionados complejos(CFAE). Sin embargo, los electrofisiologos exigen el uso de metodos de clasificacion simples y de comprension directa. Por ello, el presente trabajo explota la longitud de ciclo de FA (AFCL), la frecuencia dominante (DF), la entropia muestral (SE) y el determinismo (DET) del analisis de cuantificacion recurrente, aplicado a registros de FA con CFAEs, para crear modelos sencillos de discriminacion entre FApar y FAper. El AFCL y la DF se calcularon sobre los registros enteros, mientras que SE y DET secalcularon utilizando segmentos de 1, 2 y 4 s. La informacion redundante se elimino umbralizando sucesivamente matrices de correlacion y el algoritmo de Random Forests ordeno las variables por relevancia. A continuacion, un arbol de clasificacion combino de manera optima los indices con alto nivel clasificatorio y se probaron con validacion cruzada dejando uno fuera. Despues de analizar todas las combinaciones posibles, el mejor resultado obtuvo una Precision (Acc) del 88,2 % para discriminar FApar de FAper, mientras que DET proporciono la mejor Acc individual de 82,4 %. Como conclusion, una seleccion cuidada y reducida de caracteristicas puede facilitar un modelo de clasificacion sencillo capaz de discriminar con precision entre CFAEs de FApar y FAper para mejorar el abordaje terapeutico de la FA.El presente trabajo ha sido cofinanciado por los proyectos de investigacion competitiva DPI2017-83952-C3 de MINECO-AEI-FEDER-UE, SBPLY/17/180501/000411 de la JCCLM y AICO/2019/036 de la GVA.Finotti, E.; Bertomeu González, V.; Hornero Sos, F.; Quesada Dorador, A.; Alcaraz Martínez, R.; Rieta, JJ. (2020). Distinción Entre Electrogramas de Fibrilación Auricular Paroxística Frente a Persistente para Evaluación del Sustrato Auricular en Procedimientos de Ablación por Catéter. Sociedad Española de Ingeniería Biomédica. 109-112. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/17826210911

Verificación Sobre la Estabilidad de Electrogramas Fragmentados para la Caracterización del Sustrato Auricular en Pacientes con Fibrilación Auricular

[ES] Para caracterizar el sustrato auricular en fibrilacion auricular (FA) se ha investigado un amplio numero de indices aplicados a electrogramas auriculares fragmentados complejos (CFAE). Sin embargo, se ha obviado la evaluacion de su calidad, asi como de su estabilidad interna (intra-canal) e intra-paciente. Este trabajo evalua la estabilidad intracanal e intra-paciente de 204 CFAEs bipolares de FA registrados en pacientes con FA paroxistica (n = 15) y persistente (n = 19) aplicando indices no lineales. Para estimar las diferencias entre los CFAEs se ha utilizado el coeficiente de variacion (CV) de la entropia muestral (SE) y el determinismo (DET) del analisis de cuantificacion de recurrencias (RQA) de los datos. Ademas, tambien se analizaron las variaciones introducidas al descartar los segmentos de CFAEs ruidosos y con artefactos. El analisis intra-canal reporto una variacion significativa del CV( %) para cualquier longitud de segmento analizado tanto para DET como para SE al descartar segmentos ruidosos, habiendo mayores disminuciones para segmentos mas largos. Ademas, se observaron grandes variaciones de CV( %) para DET y SE en cualquier longitud de segmento en el analisis intra-paciente, pero en este caso, el descarte de segmentos ruidosos no mejoro resultados. La prueba de Kruskal-Wallis reporto diferencias estadisticamente significativas para DET y SE entre canales, independientemente del proceso de descarte. Por tanto, la alta variabilidad observada de los CFAEs ha demostrado que promediar los datos en un canal o entre diferentes canales puede conducir a una simplificacion excesiva de la caracterizacion del sustrato auricular basada en CFAEs.El presente trabajo ha sido cofinanciado por los proyectos de investigacion competitiva DPI2017-83952-C3 de MINECO-AEI-FEDER-UE, SBPLY/17/180501/000411 de la JCCLM y AICO/2019/036 de la GVA.Finotti, E.; Hornero Sos, F.; Bertomeu-González, V.; Osca Asensi, J.; Alcaraz Martínez, R.; Rieta, JJ. (2020). Verificación Sobre la Estabilidad de Electrogramas Fragmentados para la Caracterización del Sustrato Auricular en Pacientes con Fibrilación Auricular. Sociedad Española de Ingeniería Biomédica. 422-425. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/178257S42242

High-throughput identification of genotype-specific cancer vulnerabilities in mixtures of barcoded tumor cell lines.

Hundreds of genetically characterized cell lines are available for the discovery of genotype-specific cancer vulnerabilities. However, screening large numbers of compounds against large numbers of cell lines is currently impractical, and such experiments are often difficult to control. Here we report a method called PRISM that allows pooled screening of mixtures of cancer cell lines by labeling each cell line with 24-nucleotide barcodes. PRISM revealed the expected patterns of cell killing seen in conventional (unpooled) assays. In a screen of 102 cell lines across 8,400 compounds, PRISM led to the identification of BRD-7880 as a potent and highly specific inhibitor of aurora kinases B and C. Cell line pools also efficiently formed tumors as xenografts, and PRISM recapitulated the expected pattern of erlotinib sensitivity in vivo

The school environment and adolescent physical activity and sedentary behaviour : A mixed-studies systematic review

There is increasing academic and policy interest in interventions aiming to promote young people's health by ensuring that the school environment supports healthy behaviours. The purpose of this review was to summarize the current evidence on school-based policy, physical and social-environmental influences on adolescent physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Electronic databases were searched to identify studies that (1) involved healthy adolescents (11-18years old), (2) investigated school-environmental influences and (3) reported a physical activity and/or sedentary behaviour outcome or theme. Findings were synthesized using a non-quantitative synthesis and thematic analysis. Ninety-three papers of mixed methodological quality were included. A range of school-based policy (e.g. break time length), physical (e.g. facilities) and social-environmental (e.g. teacher behaviours) factors were associated with adolescent physical activity, with limited research on sedentary behaviour. The mixed-studies synthesis revealed the importance of specific activity settings (type and location) and intramural sport opportunities for all students. Important physical education-related factors were a mastery-oriented motivational climate and autonomy supportive teaching behaviours. Qualitative evidence highlighted the influence of the wider school climate and shed light on complexities of the associations observed in the quantitative literature. This review identifies future research needs and discusses potential intervention approaches to be considered

Mythical numbers and the proceeds of organised crime: estimating mafia proceeds in Italy

Organised crime is a field vulnerable to mythical numbers, i.e. exaggerated estimates lacking empirical support, but acquiring acceptance through repetition. The figures on mafia proceeds in Italy are a striking example of this problem. This study proposes an estimation of mafia proceeds in Italy from nine criminal activities (sexual exploitation of women, illicit firearms trafficking, drug trafficking, counterfeiting, the illicit cigarette trade, illicit gambling, illicit waste disposal, loan sharking, and extortion racketeering) by region and type of mafia (Cosa Nostra, Camorra,\u2018Ndrangheta, Apulian mafias, and other mafias). The results estimate yearly mafia proceeds at approximately \u20ac10.7 bn (0.7% of the Italian GDP), discussing the impact on the regional and national economies and the differences among the types of mafias as to their geographical sources of revenue