A Review of the Factors Affecting Adoption of Precision Agriculture Applications in Cotton Production

Precision agriculture (PA) is a modern farming management system adopted throughout the world, which employs cropping practices by observing and measuring the temporal and spatial variability in fields to enhance the sustainability of agricultural production through more efficient use of land, water, fuel, fertilizer, and pesticides. The efficiency of precision agriculture technologies (PAT) in agricultural production mainly depends on the use of site-specific agricultural inputs accurately through decision support mechanisms by observing and measuring the variables such as soil condition, plant health, and weed intensity. Although there have been significant developments in PAT, especially remote sensing as a key source of information available in support of PA in recent years, its adoption has been very slow by farmers due to a variety of reasons. The main aim of this chapter is to provide a critical overview of how recent developments in sensing technologies, geostatistical analysis, data fusion, and interpolation techniques can be used in the cotton production systems to optimize yields while minimizing water, chemical pesticide, and nitrogen inputs and analysis the main factors influencing the adoption of PAT by cotton farmers. Therefore, this chapter includes a compressive literature survey of the studies done on the current use and trends of PAT, and on farm level use of PA in cotton production worldwide

Soil Compaction Due to Increased Machinery Intensity in Agricultural Production: Its Main Causes, Effects and Management

In modern agriculture, most of the field operations from sowing to harvesting are done mechanically by using heavy agriculture machines. However, the loads from these heavy machines may induce stresses exceeding soil strength causing soil compaction. Nowadays, soil compaction is considered as a serious form of soil degradation, which may have serious economics and environmental consequences in world agriculture because of its effects on soil structure, plant growth and environmental events. Vehicle load, inflation pressure, number of passes, stress on the soil, and soil properties (e.g. soil water content, soil texture, soil strength, soil bulk density) play an important role on soil compaction. This chapter reviews the works related to soil compaction in agricultural areas. Also, it discusses the nature and causes of soil compaction, the effects of the compaction on soil properties, environment and plant growth, and the possible solutions suggested in the literature

The comparison of different stubble management systems in terms of fuel, capacity and direct sowing

The stubble that remains on the field after the harvest is burned generally by the farmers in Southeastern Anatolia Region. This study was carried out in order to reduce the problems caused by stubble burning in our country and our region to recommend a wheat harvesting method for farmers. The study that was carried out in 2012 contained two different stubble height and five different stubble management systems. Fuel consumption, field efficiency and the amount of stubble on the field surface were examined in the study. After these applied methods, lentil was directly planted on the harvested areas with a mechanic planter. The effects of the stubble management systems on the rate of seed emergence of lentil were investigated. As a result, the highest fuel consumption was obtained from the system which is making straw by chopper mounted on combine-harvester and removing the straw from the field by trailer attached to the combine-harvester as 29.41 L ha-1 while the highest field efficiency and amount of stubble on the field surface were determined at the system which is harvesting wheat by combine-harvester and leaving the stubble on the field as 1.85 ha h-1 and 3716.43 kg ha-1 respectively. Also the highest rates of seed emergence were obtained from the system which is making straw by chopper mounted on combine-harvester and removing the straw from the field by trailer attached to the combine-harvester as 213.77 number m-2 and from the system making straw by chopper mounted on combine-harvester and spreading the straw to field surface as 203.99 number m-2

Türkiye'de kullanılan selektörlerin işlevsel özellikleri ve aerodinamik esaslı ayırmanın temel parametreleri üzerine bir çalışma

TEZ5575Tez (Doktora) -- Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana, 2005.Kaynakça (s. 131-136) var.xiii, 189 s. ; 30 cm.

Effects of ridge and conventional tillage systems on soil properties and cotton growth

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seeds are susceptible to low temperature and excess moisture in soil during seed emergence in years with high rainfall and low temperature in spring. Therefore, a two-year field experiment was carried out to evaluate effects of ridge tillage formed in autumn (RT-I), ridge tillage formed about a month before planting (RT-II) and flat conventional tillage (CT) cultivation systems on physical properties of soil and cotton growth. The RT-I and RT-II resulted in higher soil temperature and lower soil penetration resistance than CT at all depths. The RT-II gave highest emergence, earliest maturity and greatest seed cotton yield. In conclusion, ridge tillage formed a month before planting may be considered a good agronomic practice because it can provide favorable physical conditions in soil, while also improving growth and yield of cotton under weather conditions in spring in South East Anatolia Region of Turkey

Effect of Some Soil Properties of Different Doses Leonardite to Wheat

Leonardit, toprak özelliklerini iyileştirmede ve dolayısıyla ürün verimini arttırmada kullanılan organikgübrelerden biridir. Bu çalışmada, sulanabilir koşularda buğday bitkisine farklı miktarlarda leonardituygulanarak, uygulanan bu leonarditin bazı toprak özellikleri üzerine olan etkisi belirlenmiştir. Çalışma2009-2012 yıllarında GAP Uluslararası Tarımsal Araştırma ve Eğitim Merkezi Müdürlüğü deneme alanında,tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre dört tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Denemede leonarditin 6farklı dozu (0, 50, 100, 150, 200 ve 250 kg da-1) uygulanmıştır. Hasat sonrası tüm parsellerde, topraktaorganik madde, toprak nemi, hacim ağırlığı ve penetrasyon direnci belirlenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda,farklı miktarlarda uygulanan leonarditin toprakta organik madde, toprak nemi ve hacim ağırlığı üzerineetkisinin olmadığı, penetrasyon direnci üzerine etkili olduğu görülmüştür. Toprak penetrasyon direncileonardit uygulaması ile azalmıştır.Leonardite is one of the organic fertilizer that used in development of soil characteristics and henceincrease of yield. In this study the effects of different levels of leonardite were determined on some soilproperties in irrigable conditions to wheat plant. The study was carried out between the years of 20092012 in the research area of GAP International Agricultural Research and Training Center as randomizedcomplete blocks design with four replications. In this study six different levels at leonardite (0, 50, 100,150, 200, 250 kg da-1) were applied. Organic matter, soil moisture, bulk density and penetrationresistance were determined in all plots after harvest. At the end of the study different levels of leonarditehas no effect on organic matter, soil moisture, bulk density in soil and has effect on penetration resistance.Soil penetration resistance was decreased with leonardite application