Solvable Potentials from Supersymmetric Quantum Mechanics

A recurrence relation of Riccati-type differential equations known in supersymmetric quantum mechanics is investigated to find exactly solvable potentials. Taking some simple {\it ans\"atze}, we find new classes of solvable potentials as well as reproducing the known shape-invariant ones.Comment: 14 pages, Late

Ultrastructure of a Mobile Threadlike Tissue Floating in a Lymph Vessel

Observations of the primo vascular system (PVS) floating in lymph ducts were reported by various groups. There have been, however, no studies on the ultrastructure of the entire cross section of a primo vessel (PV) inside a lymph vessel with a transmission electron microscope (TEM). In the current study we took the TEM images of a cross section of the PV inside a lymph vessel. We used the Alcian blue staining method for the finding of the target PV in a lymphatic vessel by injecting the dye into the inguinal lymph nodes. The stained PV was harvested together with the lymph vessel and some parts of the specimens were used for studying with optical microscopes. Some other parts were treated according to a standard protocol for TEM. As the results the TEM study revealed the loosely distributed collagen fibers with plenty of empty spaces and the lumens with the endothelial nuclei. It turned out to be very similar to the ultrastructure of the PVs observed on the surfaces of internal organs. It also showed how compactly the PV is surrounded with lymphocytes. In conclusion, the detailed morphological features like the distribution of fibers in the PV were revealed and shown to be similar to another kind of the PV on the surfaces of internal organs

25th annual computational neuroscience meeting: CNS-2016

The same neuron may play different functional roles in the neural circuits to which it belongs. For example, neurons in the Tritonia pedal ganglia may participate in variable phases of the swim motor rhythms [1]. While such neuronal functional variability is likely to play a major role the delivery of the functionality of neural systems, it is difficult to study it in most nervous systems. We work on the pyloric rhythm network of the crustacean stomatogastric ganglion (STG) [2]. Typically network models of the STG treat neurons of the same functional type as a single model neuron (e.g. PD neurons), assuming the same conductance parameters for these neurons and implying their synchronous firing [3, 4]. However, simultaneous recording of PD neurons shows differences between the timings of spikes of these neurons. This may indicate functional variability of these neurons. Here we modelled separately the two PD neurons of the STG in a multi-neuron model of the pyloric network. Our neuron models comply with known correlations between conductance parameters of ionic currents. Our results reproduce the experimental finding of increasing spike time distance between spikes originating from the two model PD neurons during their synchronised burst phase. The PD neuron with the larger calcium conductance generates its spikes before the other PD neuron. Larger potassium conductance values in the follower neuron imply longer delays between spikes, see Fig. 17.Neuromodulators change the conductance parameters of neurons and maintain the ratios of these parameters [5]. Our results show that such changes may shift the individual contribution of two PD neurons to the PD-phase of the pyloric rhythm altering their functionality within this rhythm. Our work paves the way towards an accessible experimental and computational framework for the analysis of the mechanisms and impact of functional variability of neurons within the neural circuits to which they belong

스핀 포앙카레 대칭성과 뉴트리노의 좌선성

스피노 공간에서 포앙카레 대청성의 나툼을 구성하였는데, 우선성 스피노는 평행 이동을 하고, 좌선성 스피노는 불변이다. 이 평행 이동 대청성에 의하여 뉴트리노가 질량이 없고 좌선성임을 설명할 수 있다. 스핀 평행이동에 불변인 디락 방정식의 변형이 고려된 바, 강입자의 성질을 통하여 시험될 수 있다

Spontaneous Action Potential from Threadlike Structures on the Surfaces of Abdominal Organs

The uploaded file is a preprint.A threadlike structure in the abdominal cavity closely resembled the primo vascular system (Bonghan system), which was proposed to be the anatomical reality of acupuncture meridians. The threadlike structure consisted of thread parts and nodes. The membrane potential of cells from the thread parts and the nodes was measured to investigate the electrophysiological characteristics of the cells and to verify the existence of excitable cells. To this end, an intracellular recording technique was applied to measure the action potentials. We examined approximately one hundred threadlike structures in order to measure the spontaneous action potentials. Interestingly, we succeeded in three cases, two of which were from thread parts and one from a node. Moreover, the shapes of the action potentials were very unique. Although the shapes of these three cases differed from one another, the full widths at half maximum (FWHMs) of the action potentials were tens of milliseconds for all three. The FWHMs were significantly different from those of a neuron, a skeletal muscle cell, and a cardiac muscle cell. This result suggests that these action potentials were measured from smooth muscle cells, secreting cells, or immune cells.The Korean Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), the Association of Korean Oriental Medicine (AKOM

DiI Staining of Fine Branches of Bonghan Ducts on Surface of Rat Abdominal Organs

AbstractNovel thread-like structures and corpuscles, designated Bonghan ducts (BHDs) and corpuscles (BHCs), are known to form a system of networked channels. Here, we tested the effectiveness of a fluorescent carbocyanine dye, DiI (1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindocarbocyanine perchlorate), in staining BHDs and BHCs. DiI solution was infused into a BHC on the surface of a rat abdominal organ at a steady rate and the resulting labeling of neighboring BHCs connected via BHDs was examined, as identified by the red fluorescence of DiI. BHDs diameters tapered away from BHCs and formed tree-like branches with fine arborizations embedded in the membranous tissues at their terminal parts. In the proximal parts, DiI fluorescence appeared as continuous lines within BHDs, but a large portion of BHDs remained unstained. In the distal parts of BHDs, discontinuous elongated DiI microparticles were identified along the sinuses within BHDs. The results showed that inner spaces within the BHDs allowed DiI to flow and that BHDs have tree-like branches and terminal arborizations. In conclusion, DiI can be used in visualizing BHDs fine structures

Visualization 1: Monitoring the primo vascular system in lymphatic vessels by using window chambers

2 hours after AB injection Originally published in Biomedical Optics Express on 01 April 2016 (boe-7-4-1251

Visualization 2: Monitoring the primo vascular system in lymphatic vessels by using window chambers

20 hours after AB injection Originally published in Biomedical Optics Express on 01 April 2016 (boe-7-4-1251