Bilingual teaching: a modern educational need a theoretical framework and a didactic proposal

Education has always been modified throughout history in order to respond to the new necessities. However, nowadays, due to the profound transformations of our globalized world, it changed even more radically. Currently, intercultural education and language acquisition have become a real priority. In response to these new educational needs, approaches, teaching systems, and educators adapted accordingly, and during the last decades, an expansion of bilingual projects occurred. This new reality transformed bilingual and plurilingual education in modern educational needs and the goal of this thesis work is to get to understand these phenomena better. We will start by introducing the concept of bilingualism, language acquisition, and early language learning. It is essential to get to consider the latter aspects as they are directly related to the analyzed concept. Besides, we will present European policies in this area and briefly describe the Spanish context. Finally, we even propose a teaching unit in which we will try to put into practice all the knowledge analyzed in the theoretical framework.La educación, a lo largo de la historia, para poder responder a las nuevas necesidades, siempre se ha ido modificando. Sin embargo, hoy en día, debido a las profundas transformaciones del mundo globalizado, esta ha cambiado de forma aún más radical. Actualmente, la educación intercultural y la adquisición del lenguaje se han convertido en unas de las principales prioridades. En respuesta a estas nuevas necesidades educativas, los enfoques metodológicos, los sistemas de enseñanza y los educadores se han tenido que adaptar en consecuencia, y durante las últimas décadas, se ha producido una expansión de proyectos bilingües. En esta nueva realidad, la educación bilingüe es una moderna necesidad educativa; por lo tanto, el objetivo de este TFG es llegar a comprender mejor este fenómeno. Comenzaremos presentando el concepto de bilingüismo, de adquisición del lenguaje y de aprendizaje temprano del idioma. Es esencial considerar los últimos aspectos, ya que están directamente relacionados con el concepto analizado. Además, presentaremos políticas europeas en este ámbito y describiremos brevemente el contexto español. Finalmente, propondremos también una unidad didáctica en la que intentaremos poner en práctica todos los conocimientos analizados en el marco teórico.Grado en Educación Primari

Data and Predictive Analytics Use for Logistics and Supply Chain Management

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the social process of Big Data and predictive analytics (BDPA) use for logistics and supply chain management (LSCM), focusing on interactions among technology, human behavior and organizational context that occur at the technology’s post-adoption phases in retail supply chain (RSC) organizations. Design/methodology/approach The authors follow a grounded theory approach for theory building based on interviews with senior managers of 15 organizations positioned across multiple echelons in the RSC. Findings Findings reveal how user involvement shapes BDPA to fit organizational structures and how changes made to the technology retroactively affect its design and institutional properties. Findings also reveal previously unreported aspects of BDPA use for LSCM. These include the presence of temporal and spatial discontinuities in the technology use across RSC organizations. Practical implications This study unveils that it is impossible to design a BDPA technology ready for immediate use. The emergent process framework shows that institutional and social factors require BDPA use specific to the organization, as the technology comes to reflect the properties of the organization and the wider social environment for which its designers originally intended. BDPA is, thus, not easily transferrable among collaborating RSC organizations and requires managerial attention to the institutional context within which its usage takes place. Originality/value The literature describes why organizations will use BDPA but fails to provide adequate insight into how BDPA use occurs. The authors address the “how” and bring a social perspective into a technology-centric area

Analysis of cholesterol in mouse brain by HPLC with UV detection

We describe a sensitive high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based method for the determination of cholesterol in brain tissue. The method does not require the derivatization of the analyte and uses separation and quantification by reversed-phase HPLC coupled to UV detection. Lipids were methanol/chloroform extracted following the method of Bligh and Dyer, and separated using isopropanol/acetonitrile/water (60/30/10, v/v/v) as mobile phase. We observed lineal detection in a wide range of concentrations, from 62.5 to 2000 ng/μL, and were able to detect a significant increase in the brain cholesterol levels between postnatal days 2 and 10 in C57BL6 mice. Based on our validation parameters, we consider this analytical method a useful tool to assess free cholesterol in rodent brain samples and cell cultures.Fil: Paulazo, Maria Alejandra. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Sodero, Alejandro Omar. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentin

The Specification Property for Flows from the Robust and Generic Viewpoint

We prove that if $X|_\Lambda$ has the weak specification property robustly, where $\Lambda$ is an isolated set, then $\Lambda$ is a hyperbolic topologically mixing set and, as a consequence, if $X$ is a vector field that has the weak specification property robustly on a closed manifold $M$, then the flow $X_t$ is a topologically mixing Anosov flow. Also we prove that there exists a residual subset \SR \in \Mundo so that if X \in \SR and $X$ has the weak specification property, then $X_t$ is an Anosov flow.Comment: We improve our previous results and correct some typo

Pleiotropic effects of statins on brain cells

Starting with cholesterol homeostasis, the first part of the review addresses various aspects of cholesterol metabolism in neuronal and glial cells and the mutual crosstalk between the two cell types, particularly the transport of cholesterol from its site of synthesis to its target loci in neuronal cells, discussing the multiple mechanistic aspects and transporter systems involved. Statins are next analyzed from the point of view of their chemical structure and its impingement on their pharmacological properties and permeability through cell membranes and the blood-brain barrier in particular. The following section then discusses the transcriptional effects of statins and the changes they induce in brain cell genes associated with a variety of processes, including cell growth, signaling and trafficking, uptake and synthesis of cholesterol. We review the effects of statins at the cellular level, analyzing their impact on the cholesterol composition of the nerve and glial cell plasmalemma, neurotransmitter receptor mobilization, myelination, dendritic arborization of neurons, synaptic vesicle release, and cell viability. Finally, the role of statins in disease is exemplified by Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases and some forms of epilepsy, both in animal models and in the human form of these pathologies.Fil: Sodero, Alejandro Omar. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; ArgentinaFil: Barrantes, Francisco Jose. Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires". Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas; Argentin

Material arqueológico para o estudo de evolução de plantas cultivadas

This research studies archaeological samples of maize (Zea mays mays) and cassava (Manihot esculenta), from Januaria, MG, Brazil, for samples between 1010 (for the oldest sample) and 570 years (for the most recent) as estimated through radiocarbon dating. Maize cobs were morphologically analysed by using length, basal and apical diameters, largest diameter, number of rows, number of grains per row, and number of grains per row per length parameters. The maize cob length presented increases through time, allowing an increase on the number of seed per cob, but the size of seeds did not vary significantly. Starch present in the reserve organs of the maize and cassava were analysed morphologically through Scanning Electron Microscopy, and compared to indigenous and modern samples, aiming to estimate the diversity of the material and, for the cassava, to assure that samples were truely Manihot sp. The starch of the maize and cassava reserve organs was in excellent state of conservation and the morphology of the starch grains allowed the separation of maize varieties. More than one variety of maize was found on a same period of time, suggesting that the old indigenous people of the area planted different varieties of maize simultaneously and these varieties changed through the studied period of time. Finally archaeological starch grains of maize presented more diverse standards than modern grains.Amostras arqueológicas de milho (Zea mays mays) e mandioca (Manihot esculenta), oriundas da região de Januária, Minas Gerais, Brasil, com idades estimadas entre 1010 anos para a amostra mais antiga, até 570 anos para as mais novas, foram estudadas morfologicamente. No caso do milho, tomaram-se medidas de comprimento da espiga, diâmetro basal, diâmetro apical, diâmetro maior, número de fileiras, número de grãos por fileiras e número de grãos por fileiras por comprimento. O tamanho da espiga aumentou com o tempo, permitindo aumento da quantidade de sementes, mas sem que estas sementes sofressem uma variação significativa em seu tamanho. Amostras de grãos de amido das sementes de milho e do tubérculo de mandioca foram estudados por meio de microscopia eletrônica de varredura e comparadas com amostras de raças indígenas e etnovariedades, para estimar a diversidade deste material e, no caso do tubérculo, para certificação que se tratava realmente de mandioca e não uma outra espécie. O amido dos órgãos de reserva do milho e mandioca encontram-se em excelente estado de conservação e, através da morfologia dos grãos de amido foram separadas raças ou variedades de milho. Constatou-se a presença de mais de uma raça de milho em um mesmo período de tempo e estas raças foram variando ao longo do período analisado (de 1010 a 570 anos atrás). A variabilidade dos grãos de amido das amostras arqueológicas de milho se apresentou maior do que as amostras atuais utilizadas

“VIDA”, construção da própria Vida e lugar teológico

Este texto se refere a Ivone Gebara, filósofa e teóloga, como minha companheira de Congregação, e expõe também idéias de seu trabalho  “Quando o outro mundo não justifica a vida: sabedoria ecofeminista a partir do cotidiano”. Sua proposta central nesse texto é a da percepção de que os muitos deuses que elegemos em nossas histórias não nos permitem privilegiar a vida e encontrar nela o “Deus da Vida”. Torna-se necessária a busca de um novo humanismo no seio do qual a transcendência de tudo se inscreve

Navigating disruption: mobile society and hurricanes Juan and Igor: a travelogue

In the course of a decade, two record-breaking hurricanes made landfall in Atlantic Canada: Juan (2003) and Igor (2010). During each hurricane, mobility networks central to the movement of people and goods (i.e. road, marine, air and rail) were disrupted, interrupting emergency services, commercial operations and personal transport. In some cases, alternate transport modes and routes emerged, while in other cases people and goods were rendered immobile. The anchoring idea for my research is that fossil fuel-powered transport contributes to climate change and climate change disrupts transport. The energetic boomerang comes full circle with severe weather events disrupting complex, weather-exposed transport networks. While linking specific weather events to climate change is tenuous, I explore these hurricanes as examples of the type of conditions (e.g. high winds, intense precipitation, storm surges) that are expected under a changing climate. To build societal resilience to extreme weather events, we need both theoretical and applied approaches to transport that incorporate recognition of climate change. Through this project I ask what responses and frames, particularly related to socialecological interactions, emerge when mobility networks are impacted by hurricanes. I examine sources of resilience and vulnerability (e.g. social, ecological, infrastructural), as well as ask how greater social and ecological resilience can be achieved. Using an inductive case study approach and drawing on media articles, legislative transcripts, policy documents and semi-structured interviews with key informants, I identify and analyze the resulting responses and frames as they pertain to social-ecological resilience and vulnerability. This research is grounded within the mobilities literature and informed by the disaster literature to elaborate an ecopolitics of mobility. I complement the applied areas of sustainable mobility (i.e. climate change mitigation) (Banister 2008) and resilience (i.e. transport, infrastructure, social-ecological) (Brown 2014; Folke 2010), with the theoretically oriented mobilities paradigm (Sheller and Urry 2006), including the politics of mobility (Cresswell 2010). Further, I inflect the politics of mobility, which provides a nuanced approach to the analysis of power within mobility systems, with Foucault’s work on governmentality and circulation of societies and ecologies. In terms of practical contributions, I find that in the aftermath of Hurricanes Juan and Igor, reinstatement of mobility was an uppermost priority with a dominant tension between the frame ‘we’ve never seen anything like it’ and ‘we need to get things back to normal as quickly as possible.’ I develop a list of practices used for managing mobility in the preparation, response, recovery and mitigation phases of disaster, as well compare the resiliencies and vulnerabilities of Nova Scotia and Newfoundland’s mobility networks. In the case of Nova Scotia, a key source of vulnerability in the context of Hurricane Juan was the entanglement of trees and power lines. Key sources of resilience include the cultural instinct to batten down the hatches, the adaptable role of transit and the coordination of emergency services. Residents successfully, if somewhat precariously, governed their own mobility (i.e. governmobility). Further, the experience of successive intentional, technical and ecological adversities fostered a culture of all-hazards disaster readiness. In the case of Newfoundland and Labrador, a key source of vulnerability in the context of Hurricane Igor was the scale of road washouts combined with limited routes, modes (e.g. car, truck), fuel types and fuel storage. Key sources of resilience were coordination and cooperation among different levels of government, the private sector and residents demonstrating a high capacity to restore the road network to functionality within ten days and coordination among residents to cope in the interim. Based on the empirical case studies, I develop and elucidate three ideas that are valuable in reconceptualizing the social and environmental power dynamics inherent in transport networks: mobility webs, the ecopolitics of mobility and climate routing. I describe this set of concepts as an ecopolitical approach to mobility. Borrowing from the ecological concept of food webs, I use the term mobility webs to reflect the environmentally exposed, but also diverse and adaptable dimensions of contemporary transport networks arguing for an approach that cooperates with, rather than dominates, the environment. To underscore the view that transport networks and ecological flows are interwoven and, in an anthropogenic age, co-constructed, I forward the concept of an ecopolitics of mobility. Adapting Cresswell’s (2010) six elements of the politics of mobility – motive force, velocity, rhythm, route, experience and friction – to the interface of the environment and contemporary social-technical assemblages of mobility, I analyze socialecological power dynamics, including related sources of resilience and vulnerability to disrupt and reframe interactions between mobility and the environment. Informed by the disaster sociology of Freudenburg (2009), Klinenberg (2004) and Murphy (2009), I consider the possibilities for an ecologically reflexive modernization in the field of transport, extending the focus of transport resilience from restoring the status quo to include reflecting on the role of mobility in contemporary society (Beck 2015). I adapt the marine navigation concept of weather routing – the practice of altering a ship’s course to take maximum advantage of tidal, current and wind conditions to reduce the physical resistance of the ship moving through water – and posit the concept of climate routing. As conceived, climate routing involves six measures: creating a transport resilience task force, deliberating decentralization, internalizing externalities, planning for green and blue flows, rebranding redundancy and thinking flex. Primary considerations are lessening social-ecological contention, increasing resilience, questioning mobility practices and maintaining or increasing quality of life. In sum, my research offers innovative contributions by orienting mobilities research to social-ecological considerations – extending previous work on sustainable mobility even further – and orienting disaster sociology to mobility and related transport considerations

Activation of macrophages by silicones: phenotype and production of oxidant metabolites

BACKGROUND: The effect of silicones on the immune function is not fully characterized. In clinical and experimental studies, immune alterations associated with silicone gel seem to be related to macrophage activation. In this work we examined in vivo, phenotypic and functional changes on peritoneal macrophages early (24 h or 48 h) and late (45 days) after the intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of dimethylpolysiloxane (DMPS) (silicone). We studied the expression of adhesion and co-stimulatory molecules and both the spontaneous and the stimulated production of reactive oxygen intermediates and nitric oxide (NO). RESULTS: The results presented here demonstrate that the fluid compound DMPS induced a persistent cell recruitment at the site of the injection. Besides, cell activation was still evident 45 days after the silicone injection: activated macrophages exhibited an increased expression of adhesion (CD54 and CD44) and co-stimulatory molecules (CD86) and an enhanced production of oxidant metabolites and NO. CONCLUSIONS: Silicones induced a persistent recruitment of leukocytes at the site of the injection and macrophage activation was still evident 45 days after the injection

Modelling and programming of periodic discrete events systems

Orientador: Rafael Santos MendesTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Eletrica e de ComputaçãoResumo: Uma metodologia para obter um escalonamento cíclico em Sistemas a Eventos Discretos é proposta neste trabalho. Esta metodologia parte de uma rede de Petri que modela minimamente um sistema a eventos discretos funcionando em regime periódico. O método identifica quais são as redes que podem ser tratadas por ele. As redes de Petri tratáveis serão decompostas em subredes identificadas por processos, que são classificados de acordo com suas topologias, o que permite a modelagemdo escalonamento cíclico do sistema através de uma modelagem em programação linear inteira mista. Este modelo em MILP será implementado no software GAMS. Alguns exemplos tirados da literatura serão usados para mostrar e testar a aplicação desta metodologiaAbstract: A methodology to obtain a cyclic scheduling in Discrete Events Systems is proposed in this work. This methodology initializes with a Petri netmodeling a discrete events system functioning with periodic processing. The method identifieswhich are the nets that can be treaties by him. The ¿tractable¿ Petri nets will be decomposed in subnets identified by process, which are classified according to its topologies, that permits us tomodel the cyclic scheduling of the systemby amixed integer linear programming model. This model in MILP will be implemented using software GAMS. Some examples from the literature will be used to show and to test the application of this methodologyDoutoradoAutomação IndustrialDoutor em Engenharia Elétric