1,575 research outputs found
Effect of COVID-19 on Student-Athlete\u27s Mental Health
Please enjoy Volume 7, Issue 1 of the JSMAHS. In this issue, you will find Professional, Graduate, and Undergraduate research abstracts, and case reports.
Thank you for viewing this 7th Annual OATA Special Edition
Differences in Algal, Gastropod, and Arthropod Coverage Surrounding Pisaster Ochraceus and Other Asteroids in Humboldt County, California
Predation within the intertidal zone, specifically regarding the predator-prey interaction between sea stars in Class Asteroidea and their food source, contributes to a large biodiversity of organisms. In this experiment, we compared the percent coverage of algae and shelled organisms within a quadrat surrounding three types of predatory sea stars (Pisaster ochraceus, Dermasterias imbricata, and Lepasterias hexactis) to determine their habitat based on predatory behavior. Our data showed a significant difference in algae and shelled organism coverage between different species of sea star; shelled organism percent coverage was less than algae percent coverage in all species of sea stars. The niche, or role and position a species plays in its environment, of each star ultimately influenced the frequency and diversity of other recorded organisms
Existence and uniqueness of optimal maps on Alexandrov spaces
The purpose of this paper is to show that in a finite dimensional metric
space with Alexandrov's curvature bounded below, Monge's transport problem for
the quadratic cost admits a unique solution
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Asymptotic gravity wave drag expressions for non-hydrostatic rotating flow over a ridge
Asymptotic expressions are derived for the mountain wave drag in flow with constant wind and static stability over a ridge when both rotation and non-hydrostatic effects are important. These expressions, which are much more manageable than the corresponding exact drag expressions (when these do exist) are found to provide accurate approximations to the drag, even when non-hydrostatic and rotation effects are strong, despite having been developed
for cases where these effects are weak. The derived expressions are compared with approximations to the drag found previously, and their asymptotic behaviour in various limits is studied
Achieving mitigation and adaptation to climate change through sustainable agroforestry practices in Africa
Peer reviewedPublisher PD
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Drag produced by trapped lee waves and propagating mountain waves in a two-layer atmosphere
The surface drag force produced by trapped lee waves and upward propagating waves in non-hydrostatic stratified flow over a mountain ridge is explicitly calculated using
linear theory for a two-layer atmosphere with piecewise-constant static stability and wind speed profiles. The behaviour of the drag normalized by its hydrostatic single-layer reference value is investigated as a function of the ratio of the Scorer parameters in the two layers l_2/l_1 and of the corresponding dimensionless interface
height l_1 H, for selected values of the dimensionless ridge width l_1 a and ratio of wind speeds in the two layers. When l_2/l_1 → 1, the propagating wave drag approaches 1 in approximately hydrostatic conditions, and the trapped lee wave drag vanishes. As l_2/l_1 decreases, the propagating wave drag progressively displays an oscillatory behaviour with l_1 H, with maxima of increasing magnitude due to constructive interference of reflected waves in the lower layer. The trapped lee wave drag shows localized maxima associated with each resonant trapped lee wave mode, occurring for small l_2/l_1 and slightly higher values of l_1 H than the propagating wave drag maxima. As l1a decreases, i.e. the flow becomes more non-hydrostatic,
the propagating wave drag decreases and the regions of non-zero trapped lee wave drag extend to higher l_2/l_1. These results are confirmed by numerical simulations
for l_2/l_1 = 0.2. In parameter ranges of meteorological relevance, the trapped lee wave drag may have a magnitude comparable to that of propagating wave drag, and be larger than the reference single-layer drag. This may have implications for drag parametrization in global climate and weather-prediction models
Comparison of retinal vasodilator and constrictor responses in type 2 diabetes
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/93551/1/j.1755-3768.2012.02445.x.pd
Impaired retinal vasodilator responses in prediabetes and type 2 diabetes
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/99677/1/aos12129.pd
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Impact of non-hydrostatic effects and trapped lee waves on mountain wave drag in directionally sheared flow
The orographic gravity wave drag produced in flow over an axisymmetric mountain when both vertical wind shear and non-hydrostatic effects are important was calculated using a semi-analytical two-layer linear model, including unidirectional or directional constant wind shear in a layer near the surface, above which the wind is constant. The drag behaviour is determined by partial wave reflection at the shear discontinuity, wave absorption at critical levels (both of which exist in hydrostatic flow), and total wave reflection at levels where the waves become evanescent (an intrinsically non-hydrostatic effect), which produces resonant trapped lee wave modes. As a result of constructive or destructive wave interference, the drag oscillates with the thickness of the constant-shear layer and the Richardson number within it (Ri), generally decreasing at low Ri and when the flow is strongly non-hydrostatic. Critical level absorption, which increases with the angle spanned by the wind velocity in the constant-shear layer, shields the surface from reflected waves, keeping the drag closer to its hydrostatic limit. While, for the parameter range considered here, the drag seldom exceeds this limit, a substantial drag fraction may be produced by trapped lee waves, particularly when the flow is strongly non-hydrostatic, the lower layer is thick and Ri is relatively high. In directionally sheared flows with Ri = O(1), the drag may be misaligned with the surface wind in a direction opposite to the shear, a behaviour which is totally due to non-trapped waves. The trapped lee wave drag, whose reaction force on the atmosphere is felt at low levels, may therefore have a distinctly different direction from the drag associated with vertically propagating waves, which acts on the atmosphere at higher levels
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