Managing Coffee Nematode Decline

This publication combines handout materials developed for workshops for coffee growers

The Red Sea Rangers: a case study of using spatial collections and remote sensing to protect aquatic resources

pp. 113-13

Intraoperative Dexmedetomidine Use On Adult Surgical Patients at Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center

Background Opioids are considered the standard of practice for intraoperative and postoperative pain management but yield unfavorable outcomes.6 The research evidence demonstrates reductions in post-operative opioid use following intraoperative administration of dexmedetomidine.1,3,4,5,6 Due to the prospective nature of literature surrounding dexmedetomidine, the rate of implementation remains largely unknown. The aim of this retrospective, observational project was to identify the rate of adoption of intraoperative dexmedetomidine administration among adult surgical patients at Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center (PSHMC) from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019. Accordingly, investigation into dexmedetomidine administration at PSHMC may shed light on this strategy aimed to minimize opioid exposure Methods • Retrospective, observational evidence-based practice project. • Approved by the PSHMC Clinical Innovation and Research Council and deemed exempt from human subject\u27s research by Providence Health Care Institutional Review Board. • Data extracted, de-identified and stored in HIPPA compliant Redcap project database. • Included adults over the age of 18 years, undergoing surgical procedure from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019. • Excluded pediatric patients less than 18 years of age, intranasal dexmedetomidine administration, patients undergoing outpatient procedures not admitted to the hospital, hospital length of stay less than 24 hours and greater than 14 days, and morphine equivalent dosing exceeding 200 milligrams. • Univariate and bivariate analyses examined baseline group comparability, occurrence of intraoperative dexmedetomidine administration. • Multivariable analysis examined independent risk factors associated with receiving intraoperative dexmedetomidine. Discussion Intraoperative dexmedetomidine is an effective evidencedbased strategy to promote opioid sparing effect and reduce 24- hour opioid consumption.1,4,5,6 Findings identified a 2.5% occurrence of intraoperative dexmedetomidine and 96.3% opioid occurrence in adult surgical patients at (PSHMC) from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019. The occurrence of dexmedetomidine administration is not a widespread practice used at PSHMC, but its utilization is increasing. History of backpain and intraoperative opioid administration were independently associated with decreased intraoperative dexmedetomidine use. ENT, maxillofacial and oral surgery were the greatest risk factors for intraoperative dexmedetomidine administration. History of home opioid treatment was also associated with increased intraoperative dexmedetomidine use. The research evidence demonstrates that intraoperative dexmedetomidine is a promising new avenue to reduce postoperative opioid use.3,4,5,6 The purpose of this retrospective, observational project serves as a foundation for additional examination to identify and report interventions to reduce opioid administration and improve quality initiatives surrounding multimodal analgesia.https://digitalcommons.psjhealth.org/other_pubs/1111/thumbnail.jp

Geological setting as an important factor in mangrove plantation site selection in the Red Sea

pp. 107-12

Landsat TM ve IRS Uydu Görüntülerinin Arazi Kullanımı ve Bitki Örtüsü Değişimlerini Belirleme Çalışmalarında Kullanımlarının Karşılaştırılması

DergiPark: 245880trakyafbdBu çalışmanın ana hedefi Landsat TM ve IRS görüntülerinin arazi sınıflaması sonuçlarının benzerlik gösterip göstermediği araştırmaktır. Kontrollü sınıflama yapmak için dijital hava fotoğrafları, çalışmada yer alan araştırmacıların önceki çalışmaları ve varolan arazi kulanım ve bitki örtüsü haritalarından faydalanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, “ormanlık alanlarda”, “açık su alanlarında”, “meyve bahçelerinde” ve “palmetto ağaç” sınıflarında, her iki uydu görüntüsü (Landsat TM IRS) arasında benzerlikler olduğu gözlenmiştir. Buna karşın “açık alanlarda”, “sebze ve otlak alanlarda” ve “bataklıklarda” oldukça farklılıklar gözlenmiştir. Genel toplam doğruluk analiz sonuçlarına göre Landsat TM %86.3 ve IRS %88.4 doğrulukta kategorileri sınıflamıştır. Buna karşın golf alanı kategorilerindeki sınıflamada problem olduğu gözlenmiştir. Zamana bağlı çözünürlükte Landsat TM ve IRS görüntülerinin arasındaki 6 haftalık bir zaman diliminin bazı sorunların oluşmasına ve kategoriler arasında sınıflama hataların meydana gelmesine neden olduğu düşünülmüştür. Araştırmaya göre Landsat TM ve IRS görüntülerinin arazi kulanım ve bitki örtüsü değişim çalışmalarında birlikte kullanılmasının mümkün olduğu tespit edilmiştir.The objective of this research focuses on comparing Landsat TM and IRS data and determining if similar classification can be achieved from datasets for certain land cover types. Supervised classification was performed using information from a combination of digital aerial photographs, a priori knowledge of the study site by the authors and existing Land Use Land Cover (LULC) maps. The “upland forest,” “open water,” “tree crops” and “palmetto prairie” categories show strong agreement in terms of percentage of LULC found in both Landsat TM+ and IRS classified images. Conversely, the “open land,” “cropland and pastureland” and “wetlands” categories display differences based on the land cover area. Based on the overall classification accuracies similar results were produced for both TM and IRS data of 86.3% and 88.4% respectively. On the other hand, certain LULC categories did not perform so well, such as the golf course. Temporal resolution between the TM and IRS images was six weeks, and this was considered a factor in the confusion between LULC category discrimination. This study showed that using Landsat TM and IRS in same study provide promising results for LULC studies

Ana Bileşenler Analizi Yardımıyla Orta ve Yüksek Çözünürlükteki Uydu Görüntülerinin İncelenmesi

DergiPark: 245876trakyafbdThe objective of this study was to determine and compare the principal components for different satellite imagery in the same study area. Five different remote sensing data sources were tested. They are: (a) (i) the moderate resolution satellite images from the Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), (ii) the Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS), and (iii) French Satellite Pour l'Observation de la Terre (SPOT) and (b) (iv) high-resolution satellite images from IKONOS and (v) airborne hyperspectral images taken by the Compact Airborne Spectral Imaging system (CASI). Among all the principle components (PCs) for all the datasets, the first three PCs contain most of the variance of the original datasets and all the other PC bands contain noise for both moderate and high-resolution images. From these results, it was concluded that instead of original images the first three PCs could be used for classifications in agricultural and wetland areas.Çalışmanin amacı, aynı çalışma alanında farklı uydu görüntüleri için ana bileşenlerin (PCs) belirlenmesi ve karşılaştırılmasıdır. Bu amaçla beş değişik uydu görüntüsü test edildi. Bunlar: (a) orta çözünürlükteki (20-30m) uydu görüntüleri: (1) Amerikan Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), (2) Hindistan Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS), ve (3)Fransız Satellite Pour l'Observation de la Terre (SPOT) ve (b) yüksek çözünürlükteki uydu görüntüleri (1) (4m) Amerikan IKONOS ve (2) Kanada teknoloji yüksek çözünürlükteki çok kanallı hava görüntüsüdür (1m) (CASI). Orta ve yüksek çözünürlükteki görüntülerin ana bileşenler analizi (PCA) sonuçları karşılaştırıldığında, ilk üç bileşenlerinin orijinal uydu görüntüsünün % 99.9’unu temsil ettiği tespit edilmiştir, geri kalan kanalların ise gürültü sinyallerinden oluştuğu görülmüştür. Bu veriler doğrultusunda, tarım ve ıslak alanlar için yapılacak bitki örtüsü sınıflandırmalarında ilk üç bileşenin, orijinal görüntülerin yerine kullanılmasının tercih edilebileceği belirlenmiştir

Microspacecraft and Earth observation: Electrical field (ELF) measurement project

The Utah State University space system design project for 1989 to 1990 focuses on the design of a global electrical field sensing system to be deployed in a constellation of microspacecraft. The design includes the selection of the sensor and the design of the spacecraft, the sensor support subsystems, the launch vehicle interface structure, on board data storage and communications subsystems, and associated ground receiving stations. Optimization of satellite orbits and spacecraft attitude are critical to the overall mapping of the electrical field and, thus, are also included in the project. The spacecraft design incorporates a deployable sensor array (5 m booms) into a spinning oblate platform. Data is taken every 0.1 seconds by the electrical field sensors and stored on-board. An omni-directional antenna communicates with a ground station twice per day to down link the stored data. Wrap-around solar cells cover the exterior of the spacecraft to generate power. Nine Pegasus launches may be used to deploy fifty such satellites to orbits with inclinations greater than 45 deg. Piggyback deployment from other launch vehicles such as the DELTA 2 is also examined

Counter-selectable marker for bacterial-based interaction trap systems

Counter-selectable markers can be used in two-hybrid systems to search libraries for a protein or compound that interferes with a macromolecular interaction or to identify macromolecules from a population that cannot mediate a particular interaction. In this report, we describe the adaptation of the yeast URA3/5-FOA counter-selection system for use in bacterial interaction trap experiments. Two different URA3 reporter systems were developed that allow robust counter-selection: (i) a single copy F\u27 episome reporter and (ii) a co-cistronic HIS3-URA3 reporter vector. The HIS3-URA3 reporter can be used for either positive or negative selections in appropriate bacterial strains. These reagents extend the utility of the bacterial two-hybrid system as an alternative to its yeast-based counterpart

Mapping orangutan habitat and agricultural areas using Landsat OLI imagery augmented with unmanned aircraft system aerial photography

Conservation of the Sumatran orangutans’ (Pongo abelii) habitat is threatened by change in land use/land cover (LULCC), due to the logging of its native primary forest habitat, and the primary forest conversion to oil palm, rubber tree, and coffee plantations. Frequent LULCC monitoring is vital to rapid conservation interventions. Due to the costs of high-resolution satellite imagery, researchers are forced to rely on cost-free sources (e.g. Landsat), those, however, provide images at a moderate-to-low resolution (e.g. 15–250 m), permitting identification only general LULC classes, and limit the detection of small-scale deforestation or degradation. Here, we combine Landsat imagery with very high-resolution imagery obtained from an unmanned aircraft system (UAS). ​The UAS imagery was used as ‘drone truthing’ data to train image classification algorithms. Our results show that UAS data can successfully be used to help discriminate similar land-cover/use classes (oil palm plantation vs. reforestation vs. logged forest) with consistently high identification of over 75% on the generated thematic map, where the oil palm detection rate was as high as 89%. Because UAS is employed increasingly in conservation projects, this approach can be used in a large variety of them to improve land-cover classification or aid-specific mapping needs

Knowledge sharing, problem solving and professional development in a Scottish Ecosystem Services Community of Practice

The ecosystem services framework has now been embodied in policy and practice, creating the need for governance structures that allow science, policy and practice to come together and facilitate shared learning. We describe five years of progress in developing an Ecosystem Services Community of Practice in Scotland, which brings together over 600 individuals from diverse constituencies to share experiences and learn from each other. We consider the ‘community’ and ‘practice’ aspects to demonstrate the benefits of establishing an Ecosystem Services Community (ESCom). We also demonstrate how the journey involved in the creation and continuing evolution of ESCom has proved valuable to researchers, policy-makers, practitioners and students and as such has contributed to social learning. We reflect on challenges, given the voluntary nature, absence of formal institutional support and emergence of initiatives focusing on overlapping topics. Based on our experience, we provide ten recommendations to help future ecosystem services communities of practice