Successful Again through a Family Resilience Lens

This study examined successful aging through a family resilience lens by developing a psychometrically tested assessment that can be used to measure family and individual resilience in a population of older adults and by then applying these latent structures to predict successful aging across four domains; self-rated successful aging, psychosocial health, cognitive decline, and physical health. Data from 1,006 older adults were analyzed in three steps. The first identified the underlying latent structure through principle component (exploratory) factor analysis (EFA). The second included the use of confirmatory factor analysis to validate the structure from the first step. The third utilized a structural equation model (SEM) to understand the predictive power of individual and family resilience on outcomes of successful aging, and then, tested the interdependence relationship between individual and family resilience. EFA produced an eight-factor structure that appeared clinically relevant. CFA confirmed the eight-factor structure previously achieved and confirmed a second order nesting of these factors into individual and family resilience factors. SEM showed individual and family resilience operates as interdependent concepts and produce unique predictive validity for measures of successful aging. This study advances the family resilience framework in connection with individual resilience by introducing the Multilevel Resilience Measure (MRM) that assesses two levels of resilience (family and individual) in older adults, which can be utilized to predict domains of successful aging. Understanding aging from a family resilience lens assists in recognizing the transitions, adaptations, and recovery processes experienced by families as they age, which provides direction for future research and clinical application

Application of Production Process on Translation of Dramatic Literature

Surpassing literary and non-literary delineation, theater and performance translation has long being holding a unique position amongst all the types of linguistic and cultural transmission. Being concurrently a legitimate working document and stylized literature set up challenges as well as enables creative approaches to balance the key criterion of equivalence, relative autonomy and functionality. The project uses The Stronger, a dramatic monologue authored by the Swedish playwright August Strindberg, as the sample text to generate of an actable Chinese translation. The translation has adopted the principle of domestication by relocating the action to 1930s Shanghai to enhance audience accessibility. The experimentation is conducted through five phases: drafting, critical revision, rehearsal revision, performance and collaborative revision, and filming and reflective revision to examine how production process, acting in particular may assist preparation, revision and refinement of play translation. After applying adjustment to the initial document based on faculty review, the translator is to impersonate the only speaking role and reassess the draft from an actress’s perspective to generate the second revision. Three functional moment are then selected and enacted before a group of English-Chinese bilingual students, with their critical comments specifying direction for a third round of revision. This revision along with modified acting choices are to be filmed for peer review that will lead to the finalized translation. The findings from the progress expounds the benefaction and limitation of participatory and collaborative contribution, pointing to the potential of specialist translators and translation training amongst theater practitioners.https://orb.binghamton.edu/research_days_posters_2022/1141/thumbnail.jp

ChoraLearn: A system that learns from examples to write simplified figured bass harmonizations of chorales using the PLS1 clusterer

Ope

Nanopore gatesviareversible crosslinking of polymer brushes: a theoretical study

Polymer-brush-modified nanopores are synthetic structures inspired by the gated transport exhibited by their biological counterparts. This work theoretically analyzes how the reversible crosslinking of a polymer network by soluble species can be used to control transport through nanochannels and pores. The study was performed with a molecular theory that allows inhomogeneities in the three spatial dimensions and explicitly takes into account the size, shape and conformations of all molecular species, considers the intermolecular interactions between the polymers and the soluble crosslinkers and includes the presence of a translocating particle inside the pore. It is shown than increasing the concentration of the soluble crosslinkers in bulk solution leads to a gradual increase of its number within the pore until a critical bulk concentration is reached. At the critical concentration, the number of crosslinkers inside the pore increases abruptly. For long chains, this sudden transition triggers the collapse of the polymer brush to the center of the nanopore. The resulting structure increases the free-energy barrier that a translocating particle has to surmount to go across the pore and modifies the route of translocation from the axis of the pore to its walls. On the other hand, for short polymer chains the crosslinkers trigger the collapse of the brush to the pore walls, which reduces the translocation barrier.Fil: Pérez Sirkin, Yamila Anahí. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; ArgentinaFil: Tagliazucchi, Mario Eugenio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; ArgentinaFil: Szleifer, Igal. Northwestern University; Estados Unido

Reticular Pathways Controlling Lateral Head Movements in the Rat

214 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1982.Following upon the discovery that pontine reticular formation (PRF) lesions in the rat abolish certain head movements, it was decided to further characterize the effects of PRF lesions on head movements in the rat and to begin to determine what output pathways from the PRF might mediate its role in head movement control.In the first study, PRF lesions were produced electrolytically, and effects on orienting responses to a stationary visual stimulus as well as responses to full-field optokinetic stimulus were observed. Unilateral lesions abolished ipsiversive orienting movements and quick phases of optokinetic head nystagmus. Some also had a temporary effect on slow phases. Effects of bilateral lesions were bilateral. A class of fast head movements that are abolished by PRF lesions thus emerges. It includes quick phases of head nystagmus, spontaneous turns in the open field, and visual orienting movements. It is analogous to the class of fast eye movements that are abolished by PRF lesions, which includes quick phases of nystagmus and saccades.In the second study, spinal projections from the PRF in the rat were traced with the autoradiographic method. The spinal projections from the medial PRF appeared to course in the medial reticulospinal tract. Since the recent literature indicates that the PRF controls horizontal eye movements via direct projections to extraocular muscle motoneurons, it is suggested that, by analogy, the PRF might control head movements via its efferents descending in the medial reticulospinal tract and innervating the ventral horn in the spinal cord.In the third study, lesions were made where medial reticulospinal axons course in the medulla to test this hypothesis. Some lesions abolished fast head movements, but the effects were not as longlasting as those produced by PRF lesions. These results are consistent with a major role for medial reticulospinal fibers in the control of head movements, but this role remains to be conclusively demonstrated.The main conclusions drawn are the eye and head movement control systems are organized similarly, and that the PRF plays parallel critical roles in the two systems.Ope

Mechanisms of Nucleation and Stationary States of Electrochemically Generated Nanobubbles

Gas evolving reactions are ubiquitous in the operation of electrochemical devices. Recent studies of individual gas bubbles on nanoelectrodes have resulted in unprecedented control and insights on their formation. The experiments, however, lack the spatial resolution to elucidate the molecular pathway of nucleation of nanobubbles and their stationary size and shape. Here we use molecular simulations with an algorithm that mimics the electrochemical formation of gas, to investigate the mechanisms of nucleation of gas bubbles on nanoelectrodes, and characterize their stationary states. The simulations reproduce the experimental currents in the induction and stationary stages, and indicate that surface nanobubbles nucleate through a classical mechanism. We identify three distinct regimes for bubble nucleation, depending on the binding free energy per area of bubble to the electrode, ΔΓbind. If ΔΓbind is negative, the nucleation is heterogeneous and the nanobubble remains bound to the electrode, resulting in a low-current stationary state. For very negative ΔΓ, the bubble fully wets the electrode, forming a one-layer-thick micropancake that nucleates without supersaturation. On the other hand, when ΔΓbind > 0 the nanobubble nucleates homogeneously close to the electrode, but never attaches to it. We conclude that all surface nanobubbles must nucleate heterogeneously. The simulations reveal that the size and contact angle of stationary nanobubbles increase with the reaction driving force, although their residual current is invariant. The myriad of driven nonequilibrium stationary states with the same rate of production of gas, but distinct bubble properties, suggests that these dissipative systems have attractors that control the stationary current.Fil: Pérez Sirkin, Yamila Anahí. University of Utah; Estados Unidos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; ArgentinaFil: Gadea, Esteban David. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; ArgentinaFil: Scherlis Perel, Damian Ariel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Química, Física de los Materiales, Medioambiente y Energía; ArgentinaFil: Molinero, Valeria. University of Utah; Estados Unido