Регіональні аспекти удосконалення системи управління персоналом на державній службі

У статті розкривається суть регіональних вимірів удосконалення системи управління персоналом на державній службі та висвітлюється досвід Управління державної служби Головдержслужби України в Миколаївській області на шляху до прозорості влади і залучення громадськості до державотворення.The article reveals the essence of regional measurements of improvement the HR Management system in the civil service and reports the experience of the Office of Civil Service of The Main Department of Civil Service of Ukraine in the Mykolaiv region towards transparency in government and public involvement in the nation

Responding to the U.S. Research Community\u27s Liquid Helium Crisis

An Action Plan to Preserve U.S. Innovation. This report lays out the issues facing researchers who use liquid helium and the negative impact on U.S. innovation. The report then proposes five key steps that will have a transformative effect on the ability to maintain the ready availability of helium and ensure the vibrancy of the U.S. low-temperature research capability. These recommendations focus on: conservation of helium use; a mechanism to pay for the capital investment required for helium recycling; a mechanism to ensure an appropriate price is paid by researchers for helium; and a methodology which allows researchers to best explore the options available to them. A SCIENCE POLICY REPORT ISSUED BY: American Physical Society, Materials Research Society, American Chemical Society Representing more than 200,000 scientists, engineers, and innovator worldwide. This report was overseen by the APS Panel on Public Affairs (POPA). POPA routinely produces reports on timely topics being debated in government so as to inform the debate with the perspectives of physicists working in the relevant issue areas

Templated encapsulation of platinum-based catalysts promotes high-temperature stability to 1,100 °C

Stable catalysts are essential to address energy and environmental challenges, especially for applications in harsh environments (for example, high temperature, oxidizing atmosphere and steam). In such conditions, supported metal catalysts deactivate due to sintering-a process where initially small nanoparticles grow into larger ones with reduced active surface area-but strategies to stabilize them can lead to decreased performance. Here we report stable catalysts prepared through the encapsulation of platinum nanoparticles inside an alumina framework, which was formed by depositing an alumina precursor within a separately prepared porous organic framework impregnated with platinum nanoparticles. These catalysts do not sinter at 800 °C in the presence of oxygen and steam, conditions in which conventional catalysts sinter to a large extent, while showing similar reaction rates. Extending this approach to Pd-Pt bimetallic catalysts led to the small particle size being maintained at temperatures as high as 1,100 °C in air and 10% steam. This strategy can be broadly applied to other metal and metal oxides for applications where sintering is a major cause of material deactivation

Elemental zoning enhances mass transport in zeolite catalysts for methanol to hydrocarbons

Mass transport limitations in zeolite catalysts pose major hurdles for their optimal performance in diverse chemical reactions. Most approaches to reduce these restrictions focus on the synthesis of either hierarchical or nanosized zeolites. Here we demonstrate that the existence of a siliceous, catalytically inactive exterior rim on ZSM-5 particles dramatically reduces the diffusion limitations, which leads to an enhanced catalyst lifetime for the methanol-to-hydrocarbon reaction. Our findings reveal that binary inorganic and organic structure-directing agents enable a one-pot synthesis of Si-zoned ZSM-5 catalysts with diffusion properties that are characteristic of particles with a much smaller size. Operando ultraviolet–visible light diffuse reflectance spectroscopy reveals a marked reduction in external coking among Si-zoned samples. Molecular dynamics simulations to assess the diffusion of methanol and benzene in siliceous pores and in those with Brønsted acids reveal substantially reduced transport limitations in zoned regions, consistent with the improved catalyst activity of Si-zoned zeolites relative to that of ZSM-5 with a homogeneous acid-site distribution. [Figure not available: see fulltext.]

Spectroscopic and computational insights on catalytic synergy in bimetallic aluminophosphate catalysts

A combined electronic structure computational and X-ray absorption spectroscopy study was used to investigate the nature of the active sites responsible for catalytic synergy in Co-Ti bimetallic nanoporous frameworks. Probing the nature of the molecular species at the atomic level has led to the identification of a unique Co-O-Ti bond, which serves as the loci for the superior performance of the bimetallic catalyst, when compared with its analogous monometallic counterpart. The structural and spectroscopic features associated with this active site have been characterized and contrasted, with a view to affording structure property relationships, in the wider context of designing sustainable catalytic oxidations with porous solids

Minimal information for studies of extracellular vesicles (MISEV2023): From basic to advanced approaches

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), through their complex cargo, can reflect the state of their cell of origin and change the functions and phenotypes of other cells. These features indicate strong biomarker and therapeutic potential and have generated broad interest, as evidenced by the steady year-on-year increase in the numbers of scientific publications about EVs. Important advances have been made in EV metrology and in understanding and applying EV biology. However, hurdles remain to realising the potential of EVs in domains ranging from basic biology to clinical applications due to challenges in EV nomenclature, separation from non-vesicular extracellular particles, characterisation and functional studies. To address the challenges and opportunities in this rapidly evolving field, the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) updates its 'Minimal Information for Studies of Extracellular Vesicles', which was first published in 2014 and then in 2018 as MISEV2014 and MISEV2018, respectively. The goal of the current document, MISEV2023, is to provide researchers with an updated snapshot of available approaches and their advantages and limitations for production, separation and characterisation of EVs from multiple sources, including cell culture, body fluids and solid tissues. In addition to presenting the latest state of the art in basic principles of EV research, this document also covers advanced techniques and approaches that are currently expanding the boundaries of the field. MISEV2023 also includes new sections on EV release and uptake and a brief discussion of in vivo approaches to study EVs. Compiling feedback from ISEV expert task forces and more than 1000 researchers, this document conveys the current state of EV research to facilitate robust scientific discoveries and move the field forward even more rapidly