Histomorphometry and detection of glycosaminoglycans in the endocervical epithelium of pregnant rats after local administration of hyaluronidase

Objective: The aim of the study was to detect the presence of glycosaminoglycans and to investigate histomorphometric aspects of the endocervical epithelium in pregnant rats after local administration of hyaluronidase. Materials and methods: Ten pregnant rats were randomly distributed into two groups. On day 18 of pregnancy, 1mL of distilled water and 0.02 mL of hyaluronidase were administered to the control group (CG) and the study group (SG), respectively. On day 20 the rats were sacrificed, followed by dissection and removal of the uterine cervix, which was prepared for histomorphometry (endocervical epithelium thickness and leucocyte infiltration) and for immunohistochemistry with alcian blue reaction and its respective blockers. The paired Student t test was used to compare the groups. Results: The SG was characterized by reduced epithelial thickness (mean: 291.01±71.1 vs. 764.30±50.94;

IGF-1R and Leptin Expression Profile and the Effects of Metformin Treatment on Metabolic and Endocrine Parameters in PCOS Mice

We aim to assess the effects of metformin treatment on metabolic and endocrine parameters and genes expression related to the insulin-responsive pathway in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This study comprises twenty-eight obese mice divided into three metformin-treated groups for seven and twenty days and eight nonobese and nontreated ones. We found a significant decrease in glycemia after metformin treatment at days seven and twenty. However, we did not observe differences in body weight measurement. Histologically, after twenty days we observed follicular development with regression of androgenic effects. Levels of IGF-1R protein expression were low after twenty days of treatment, but LEP proteins showed an overexpression in the ovarian stroma. We assessed the IGF-1R and LEP mRNAs levelsdata showed a significant overexpression of LEP after seven days of treatment, while the IGF-1R was downregulated. Metformin therapy seems to exert a beneficial effect on histological and anovulatory features, reducing follicular number and pyknosis formation, possibly involved in the reversion of androgenic stimulus. Expression of IGF-1 and LEPR indicates a relevant role in androgenic features reversion present in PCOS, hormonal equilibrium, body weight regulation, and glucose metabolism, therefore, under phenotype obesity and infertility regulation in this model.Univ Fed Sao Paulo UNIFESP, EPM, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Climacter Sect, 66 Embau St,Vila Clementino, BR-04039060 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Lab Mol & Struct Gynecol, 455 Dr Arnaldo Ave,Room 4121,Cerqueira Cesar, BR-01246903 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo UNIFESP, EPM, Morphol Dept, Hist & Biol Struct Div, 740 Botucatu St,Vila Clementino, BR-04023009 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Ctr United Metropolitan Coll, 1239 Santo Amaro Ave,Vila Nova Conceicao, BR-04505001 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo UNIFESP, EPM, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Climacter Sect, 66 Embau St,Vila Clementino, BR-04039060 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo UNIFESP, EPM, Morphol Dept, Hist & Biol Struct Div, 740 Botucatu St,Vila Clementino, BR-04023009 Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Impact of measurable residual disease by decentralized flow cytometry: a PETHEMA real-world study in 1076 patients with acute myeloid leukemia

The role of decentralized assessment of measurable residual disease (MRD) for risk stratification in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains largely unknown, and so it does which methodological aspects are critical to empower the evaluation of MRD with prognostic significance, particularly if using multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC). We analyzed 1076 AML patients in first remission after induction chemotherapy, in whom MRD was evaluated by MFC in local laboratories of 60 Hospitals participating in the PETHEMA registry. We also conducted a survey on technical aspects of MRD testing to determine the impact of methodological heterogeneity in the prognostic value of MFC. Our results confirmed the recommended cutoff of 0.1% to discriminate patients with significantly different cumulative-incidence of relapse (-CIR- HR:0.71, P < 0.001) and overall survival (HR: 0.73, P = 0.001), but uncovered the limited prognostic value of MFC based MRD in multivariate and recursive partitioning models including other clinical, genetic and treatment related factors. Virtually all aspects related with methodological, interpretation, and reporting of MFC based MRD testing impacted in its ability to discriminate patients with different CIR. Thus, this study demonstrated that “real-world” assessment of MRD using MFC is prognostic in patients at first remission, and urges greater standardization for improved risk-stratification toward clinical decisions in AML.This study was supported by the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red – Área de Oncología - del Instituto de Salud Carlos III (CIBERONC; CB16/12/00369, CB16/12/00233, CB16/12/00284 and CB16/12/00400), Instituto de Salud Carlos III/Subdirección General de Investigación Sanitaria (FIS No. PI16/01661, PI16/00517 and PI18/01946), Gerencia Regional de Salud de CyL (GRS 1346/A/16) and the Plan de Investigación de la Universidad de Navarra (PIUNA 2014-18). This study was supported internationally by the Cancer Research UK, FCAECC and AIRC under the Accelerator Award Program EDITOR

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Effects of chronic stavudine exposure on liver, pancreas and kidneys of pregnant rats and their fetuses: Morphological and biochemical aspects

Objective: To study the morphological and biochemical effects on liver, pancreas and kidney of pregnant rats and their fetuses subjected to stavudine treatment.Methods: Forty animals were distributed in four groups E1, E2, E3, and C (control) and received by gavage once a day 1, 3 or 9 mg/kg of stavudine in 2 mL distilled water, from days 1 to 20 of pregnancy. After this period, the animals were sacrificed; blood samples were collected for further determinations of AST, ALT, creatinine, urea, glucose and amylase. Samples of liver, kidneys and pancreas of every rat and of the corresponding fetuses were taken and examined under light microscopy.Results: the maternal livers of groups E1, E2 and E3 displayed progressive morphological alterations without corresponding changes in serum AST and ALT activity. Maternal kidney histology and function were similar in all groups. Maternal pancreas of groups E2 and E3 evidenced moderate and progressive signs of tissue damage without functional repercussion. All fetal livers, kidneys and pancreas presented normal morphology.Conclusions: High doses of stavudine produced signs of mild to moderate maternal hepatic and pancreatic toxicity at the morphological level. This was not followed by changes in biochemical parameters, most conceivably due to the functional reserve of these organs. (C) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Sch Med, Dept Obstet, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Sch Med, Dept Gynecol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Sch Med, Dept Morphol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Sch Med, Dept Obstet, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Sch Med, Dept Gynecol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Sch Med, Dept Morphol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Concentration and distribution of hyaluronic acid in human vocal folds

Objective/Hypothesis. To evaluate the concentration and distribution of hyaluronic acid (HA) in human adult vocal folds. Study Design. Experimental study. Methods. Histologic samples of the anterior, middle, and posterior regions of the vocal folds were studied to determine the tissue distribution of HA. the HA was traced with hyaluronan-binding proteins (HAPB) from bovine cartilage. Chemical bonds were detected through the avidin-biotin immunoperoxidase method. A control with the specific Streptomyces hyalurolyticus hyaluronidase was conducted to avoid false-positive results. the concentration levels of HA were determined through a fluorescence-based assay method with the same HAPB and europium-labeled streptavidin. Results: Women presented higher HA concentrations than men in every studied region of the vocal folds and overall HA concentration levels twice as higher. in regard to the distribution of HA, the macula flavae and the vocal fold intermediate and deep layers presented marked staining, with moderate staining around the vessels, on the gland capsules, and the connective tissue surrounding the vocal fold muscular fibers. Conclusions. HA is diffusely distributed along the vocal folds; the profuse amounts of HA observed in the female vocal folds may be related to impact absorption, acting as a protective factor against the characteristic high vibration frequency.Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Clin Endocrinol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Mol Biol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morphol Histol & Struct Biol, São Paulo, BrazilPontificia Univ Catolica São Paulo, Dept Speech Pathol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Otorhinolaryngol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Clin Endocrinol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Mol Biol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Morphol Histol & Struct Biol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc