Fabrication d’une pompe manuelle

L’accès à une eau propre reste une priorité en Afrique, essentielle pour lutter contre les maladies hydriques. Pour faciliter cet accès dans les zones rurales et périurbaines, ce manuel technique décrit la façon de réaliser une pompe manuelle immergée à partir de matériaux disponibles localement. Il a notamment pour but de faciliter l’accès des femmes et des enfants à l’eau, car ce sont principalement eux qui puisent l'eau

How to make a hand pump

Access to clean water remains a priority in Africa, with improving access key to fighting water-borne disease. To facilitate such access in rural and peri-urban areas, this technical manual describes how to make a submerged hand pump from materials available locally. It aims particularly at easing access for women and children, who are more involved with drawing water

PTEN status is a crucial determinant of the functional outcome of combined MEK and mTOR inhibition in cancer

Combined MAPK/PI3K pathway inhibition represents an attractive, albeit toxic, therapeutic strategyin oncology. Since PTEN lies at the intersection of these two pathways, we investigated whether PTEN status determines the functional response to combined pathway inhibition. PTEN (gene, mRNA, and protein) status was extensively characterized in a panel of cancer cell lines and combined MEK/mTOR inhibition displayed highly synergistic pharmacologic interactions almost exclusively in PTEN-loss models. Genetic manipulation of PTEN status confirmed a mechanistic role for PTEN in determining the functional outcome of combined pathway blockade. Proteomic analysis showed greater phosphoproteomic profile modification(s) in response to combined MEK/mTOR inhibition in PTEN- loss contexts and identified JAK1/STAT3 activation as a potential mediator of synergistic interactions. Overall, our results show that PTEN-loss is a crucial determinant of synergistic interactions between MAPK and PI3K pathway inhibitors, potentially exploitable for the selection of cancer patients at the highest chance of benefit from combined therapeutic strategies