Interferência das redes sociais nos relacionamentos conjugais

O presente estudo buscou analisar a interferência das redes sociais nos relacionamentos conjugais e suas consequências para a vida do casal. É evidente que as novas tecnologias têm causado impacto na vida das pessoas e, no caso das redes sociais, estas podem ou não influenciar na relação conjugal. Diante disso, o referencial teórico centrado em dois capítulos vem discorrer sobre a relação conjugal e a interferência das redes sociais na vida do casal. O primeiro capítulo buscou retratar o contexto histórico da relação conjugal, a perspetiva sistêmica, a resolução dos conflitos, a perspetiva psicológica do casal e a satisfação e insatisfação do casal. No segundo capítulo, foi possível descrever a inserção das tecnologias no relacionamento conjugal, bem como a comunicação no relacionamento, a interferência da tecnologia na intimidade do casal e as abordagens terapêuticas na relação. Na parte empírica, o estudo contou com uma amostra por conveniência composta por dez casais, cujos requisitos de inclusão da amostragem foram cumpridos e as devidas autorizações dadas por todos os participantes. Da análise e discussão de resultados, com a aplicação do teste EASAVIC, foi possível compreender que todos os casais obtiveram um valor de somatório acima do ponto de corte, reforçando, assim, a satisfação conjugal de cada casal. Contudo, os resultados voltados para a entrevista com cada cônjuge demonstraram algumas insatisfações ao longo da análise, porém, mesmo com algumas categorias tendo esse item de insatisfação, foi possível verificar que, dos dez casais investigados, nove se consideram satisfeitos com a relação, embora vivenciem alguns conflitos na relação. Apenas um casal foi considerado insatisfeito. Ainda que diante de algumas limitações, os objectivos definidos para a investigação foram cumpridos, permitindo-nos compreender e avaliar o processo de comunicação do casal e a interferência das redes sociais na relação.This study aimed to analyze the interference of social networks in marital relationships and their consequences for the couple's life. It is evident that new technologies have had an impact on people's lives and, in the case of social networks, these may or may not influence the marital relationship. Given this, the theoretical framework centered in two chapters discusses the marital relationship and the interference of social networks in the couple's life. The first chapter sought to portray the historical context of the marital relationship, the systemic perspective, conflict resolution, the couple's psychological perspective and the couple's satisfaction and dissatisfaction. In the second chapter, it was possible to describe the insertion of technologies in the marital relationship, as well as the communication in the relationship, the interference of technology in the couple's intimacy and the therapeutic approaches in the relationship. In the empirical part, the study had a convenience sample composed of ten couples, whose inclusion requirements were met and the proper authorizations given by all participants. From the analysis and discussion of results, with the application of the EASAVIC test, it was possible to understand that all couples obtained a sum value above the cutoff, thus reinforcing the marital satisfaction of each couple. However, the results of the interview with each spouse showed some dissatisfaction throughout the analysis, but even with some categories having this item of dissatisfaction, it was possible to verify that, of the ten couples investigated, nine consider themselves satisfied with the relationship, although experience some conflicts in the relationship. Only one couple was considered dissatisfied. Despite some limitations, the objectives set for the investigation were met, allowing us to understand and evaluate the communication process of the couple and the interference of social networks in the relationship

Interferência das redes sociais nos relacionamentos conjugais

O presente estudo buscou analisar a interferência das redes sociais nos relacionamentos conjugais e suas consequências para a vida do casal. É evidente que as novas tecnologias têm causado impacto na vida das pessoas e, no caso das redes sociais, estas podem ou não influenciar na relação conjugal. Diante disso, o referencial teórico centrado em dois capítulos vem discorrer sobre a relação conjugal e a interferência das redes sociais na vida do casal. O primeiro capítulo buscou retratar o contexto histórico da relação conjugal, a perspetiva sistêmica, a resolução dos conflitos, a perspetiva psicológica do casal e a satisfação e insatisfação do casal. No segundo capítulo, foi possível descrever a inserção das tecnologias no relacionamento conjugal, bem como a comunicação no relacionamento, a interferência da tecnologia na intimidade do casal e as abordagens terapêuticas na relação. Na parte empírica, o estudo contou com uma amostra por conveniência composta por dez casais, cujos requisitos de inclusão da amostragem foram cumpridos e as devidas autorizações dadas por todos os participantes. Da análise e discussão de resultados, com a aplicação do teste EASAVIC, foi possível compreender que todos os casais obtiveram um valor de somatório acima do ponto de corte, reforçando, assim, a satisfação conjugal de cada casal. Contudo, os resultados voltados para a entrevista com cada cônjuge demonstraram algumas insatisfações ao longo da análise, porém, mesmo com algumas categorias tendo esse item de insatisfação, foi possível verificar que, dos dez casais investigados, nove se consideram satisfeitos com a relação, embora vivenciem alguns conflitos na relação. Apenas um casal foi considerado insatisfeito. Ainda que diante de algumas limitações, os objectivos definidos para a investigação foram cumpridos, permitindo-nos compreender e avaliar o processo de comunicação do casal e a interferência das redes sociais na relação.This study aimed to analyze the interference of social networks in marital relationships and their consequences for the couple's life. It is evident that new technologies have had an impact on people's lives and, in the case of social networks, these may or may not influence the marital relationship. Given this, the theoretical framework centered in two chapters discusses the marital relationship and the interference of social networks in the couple's life. The first chapter sought to portray the historical context of the marital relationship, the systemic perspective, conflict resolution, the couple's psychological perspective and the couple's satisfaction and dissatisfaction. In the second chapter, it was possible to describe the insertion of technologies in the marital relationship, as well as the communication in the relationship, the interference of technology in the couple's intimacy and the therapeutic approaches in the relationship. In the empirical part, the study had a convenience sample composed of ten couples, whose inclusion requirements were met and the proper authorizations given by all participants. From the analysis and discussion of results, with the application of the EASAVIC test, it was possible to understand that all couples obtained a sum value above the cutoff, thus reinforcing the marital satisfaction of each couple. However, the results of the interview with each spouse showed some dissatisfaction throughout the analysis, but even with some categories having this item of dissatisfaction, it was possible to verify that, of the ten couples investigated, nine consider themselves satisfied with the relationship, although experience some conflicts in the relationship. Only one couple was considered dissatisfied. Despite some limitations, the objectives set for the investigation were met, allowing us to understand and evaluate the communication process of the couple and the interference of social networks in the relationship

Características estruturais e ultraestruturais da espermatogênese do cascudo-cinza Liposarcus anisitsi (Holmberg, 1893) (Teleostei, Siluriformes)

Liposarcus anisitsi é um teleósteo de água doce da ordem Siluriforme, com fertilização externa, possui um processo de espematogênese cística com estrutura espermatogonial lobular irrestrita dos testículos. Nesta espécie, a espermatogônia primária intracística ou isolada é considerada como a "stem cell" da linhagem espermatogenética. Então, como consequência do processo da espermatogênese cística de Liposarcus anisitsi todas as três células germinativas são observadas no interior de cistos espermatogenéticos específicos, desde as espermatogônias primárias e secundárias até os espermatócitos e espermátides jovens e maduras. A espermatogônia possui forma esférica, com núcleo central e grande quantidade de mitocôndrias redondas e retículo endoplasmático, principalmente do tipo rugoso, em seu citoplasma. Os espermatócitos primários se inter-relacionam através de pontes citoplasmáticas e são claramente identificados pela presença de complexos sinaptonêmicos no interior de seus núcleos. Espermátides jovens no início da fase maturacional, tanto quanto as espermátides maduras tendem a exibir núcleos esféricos, um modelo variável de progressiva condensação cromatínica durante o estágio final da espermiogênese. Nestes estágios finais, as espermátides maduras mostra uma fossa nuclear formada para a fixação do flagelo. O espermatozóide de Liposarcus anisitsi possui cabeça redonda, núcleo redondo, cromatina densa, ausência de acrossoma, curta peça intermediária e longa cauda (peças principal e terminal do flagelo).Liposarcus anisitsi is a freshwater teleost from Siluriform order with external fertilization that shows cystic spermatogenesis process with spermatogonial unrestricted lobular structure of the testes. In this species, isolated or intracystic primary spermatogonia were noted as the ¨stem cells¨ of the spermatogenetic lineage. Thus, as consequence of the cystic spermatogenesis process of Liposarcus anisitsi all the three germinative cells are observed inside specific spermatogenetic cysts, since the primary and secondary spermatogonias until the spermatocytes and early and late spermatids. Spermatogonia show spherical shape with central nuclei and great amount of round mitochondria and ER profiles mainly of rough type in their cytoplasm. Primary spermatocytes have inter-relations through cytoplasmic bridges and are clearly identified by presence of synaptonemic complexes inside the nuclei. Early spermatids beginning maturational phases, as well as the late spermatids, tend to exhibit spherical nuclei, variable chromatin pattern with progressive condensation during the end steps of the spermiogenesis. In this end steps, the late spermatids show the nuclear fossa formed to the fixation of the flagella. The spermatozoon of Liposarcus anisitsi shows round head, round nuclei, very dense chromatin, lack of acrosoma, short middle piece and long tail (principal and end pieces of the flagellum)

Disruption of vitellogenin gene function in adult honeybees by intra-abdominal injection of double-stranded RNA

BACKGROUND: The ability to manipulate the genetic networks underlying the physiological and behavioural repertoires of the adult honeybee worker (Apis mellifera) is likely to deepen our understanding of issues such as learning and memory generation, ageing, and the regulatory anatomy of social systems in proximate as well as evolutionary terms. Here we assess two methods for probing gene function by RNA interference (RNAi) in adult honeybees. RESULTS: The vitellogenin gene was chosen as target because its expression is unlikely to have a phenotypic effect until the adult stage in bees. This allowed us to introduce dsRNA in preblastoderm eggs without affecting gene function during development. Of workers reared from eggs injected with dsRNA derived from a 504 bp stretch of the vitellogenin coding sequence, 15% had strongly reduced levels of vitellogenin mRNA. When dsRNA was introduced by intra-abdominal injection in newly emerged bees, almost all individuals (96 %) showed the mutant phenotype. An RNA-fragment with an apparent size similar to the template dsRNA was still present in this group after 15 days. CONCLUSION: Injection of dsRNA in eggs at the preblastoderm stage seems to allow disruption of gene function in all developmental stages. To dissect gene function in the adult stage, the intra-abdominal injection technique seems superior to egg injection as it gives a much higher penetrance, it is much simpler, and it makes it possible to address genes that are also expressed in the embryonic, larval or pupal stages

Formação dos profissionais de saúde para o SUS: significado e cuidado

Educating professionals to work in health systems has always been a challenge. Great changes in methodologies that have been traditionally used are needed. Strategies to bring about concrete situations faced by professionals, managers and users in the real world are required to overcome problems in heath care as well as to improve the quality of the care that is provided for citizens. Changes in the academic education of both students and teachers in the field of health have also been pointed as a necessity. This article presents a brief review of recent proposals for the health education of the professionals of Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS - Brazil's National Health System) and intends to discuss the possibilities of introducing problem-based learning methodologies in this context. It is also debated how important it is to closely relate health professional education to both users and system needs. This requires difficult, slow, conflicting and complex institutional, professional and personal changes. The meaning of education and the qualification of care must be central elements of the educational processes for health professionals. The professionals we want in our Health Care System are probably much closer than we imagine, if the needs and creativity of each one are recognized, since many of them started their professional lives based upon values and meanings that, sometimes, are lost in the way. We need to recover them in our work environment, educational centers and universities. This is our challenge.Formar profissionais para atuar no sistema de saúde sempre foi um desafio. Trazer o campo do real, da prática do dia a dia de profissionais, usuários e gestores mostra-se fundamental para a resolução dos problemas encontrados na assistência à saúde e para a qualificação do cuidado prestado aos sujeitos. A mudança na formação acadêmica de estudantes e professores do campo da saúde também se tem mostrado necessária. Este artigo pretende fazer uma breve recuperação histórica dos marcos das propostas de educação na saúde para profissionais do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), em especial no Estado de São Paulo, nos últimos anos e discutir as possibilidades de inserir metodologias ativas de ensino-aprendizagem em seu contexto. Para isso, discutimos a necessidade de aproximar a formação dos profissionais de saúde das reais necessidades dos usuários e do sistema. Isso requer mudanças institucionais, profissionais e pessoais difíceis, lentas, conflituosas e complexas. O significado da formação e a qualificação do cuidado devem estar presentes nos processos educativos para os profissionais de saúde. O ideal de profissional que queremos para o nosso Sistema de Saúde pode ser atingido se reconhecermos as necessidades e o poder criativo de cada um, ouvir o que cada um tem para dizer e refletir sobre a prática profissional inicialmente cheia de valores e de significados, os quais, muitas vezes, se perdem pelo caminho. Precisamos recuperar esses valores em nossos espaços de trabalho, nos centros formadores, nas universidades. Este é o nosso desafio

Effectiveness of plant-derived proanthocyanidins on demineralization on enamel and dentin under artificial cariogenic challenge

Dental caries is considered a disease of high prevalence and a constant problem in public health. Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are substances that have been the target of recent studies aiming to control or treat caries. Objective The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the efficacy of a treatment with grape seed extract, under cariogenic challenge, to minimize or even prevent the onset of caries in the enamel and dentin. Material and Methods Blocks of enamel and dentin (6.0x6.0 mm) were obtained from bovine central incisors, polished, and selected by analysis of surface microhardness (SH). The blocks were randomly divided into 3 groups (n=15), according to the following treatments: GC (control), GSE (grape seed extract), GF (fluoride – 1,000 ppm). The blocks were subjected to 6 daily pH cycles for 8 days. Within the daily cycling, the specimens were stored in buffered solution. The blocks were then analyzed for perpendicular and surface hardness and polarized light microscopy. Results The means were subjected to statistical analysis using the ANOVA and Fisher's PLSD tests (

Estudo morfológico e histomorfométrico sobre variações sazonais do ducto deferente de codorna da variedade italiana

In the autumn the vas deferens of the Italian variety of domestic quail appeared as a single, thin, and straight duct along its total extension. Thus, transversal histologic sections of this duct showed a circular tubular shape. The pseudoestratified columnar epithelium that lined the vas deferens presented longitudinal folds which invaded the lumen frequently empty of spermatozoa. Although in the winter, spring and summer the usual morphological appearance of the quail's vas deferens was seen as a highly coiling duct. So, each transversal histologic section of the vas deferens, in all the segments, showed parallel cut sections of the duct being irregular in shape and variable in number and interconnected by the adventitial loose connective tissue. In these observations, the tubular lumen was totally performed by spermatozoa and seminal fluid. Consequently, with previous base on the testis kinetics of the Italian quail variety, it was concluded that the spermatozoa production, followed by emission, storage and ejaculation of spermatozoa through the vas deferens did not stop during the winter, spring and summer, but ceased in the autumn the quiescent phase of the circannual reproductive cycle in this bird.No outono o ducto deferente de codorna da variedade Italiana foi observado como um ducto simples, delgado e retilíneo em toda a sua extensão. Assim sendo, secções histológicas transversais deste ducto mostraram-no com forma circular, sendo revestido por epitélio pseudoestratificado cilíndrico que forma pregas longitudinais. Essas pregas adentravam o lúmen tubular, que aparecia freqüentemente vazio de espermatozóides. Porém, no inverno, primavera e verão a aparência morfológica do ducto deferente era a de um túbulo grandemente enovelado. Logo, cada secção histológica transversal do ducto deferente, ao longo de toda a sua extensão, mostrava-se estruturada como secções tubulares dispostas paralelamente entre si. Estas secções tubulares apareciam irregulares quanto à forma e variáveis em número, estando interconectadas por tecido conjuntivo frouxo adventicial. Nestas observações no inverno, primavera e verão o lúmen tubular vaso-deferencial estava totalmente preenchido por espermatozóides e fluido seminal. Portanto, pôde-se concluir, inclusive com base em estudo prévio sobre a cinética testicular nesta variedade Italiana de codorna, que a produção de espermatozóides bem como a sua emissão, estocagem e ejaculação através do ducto deferente não cessam ao longo da maior parte do ano, exceto no outono a etapa quiescente do ciclo reprodutivo circum-anual desta ave doméstica

Construction of control charts to help in the stability and reliability of results in an accredited water quality control laboratory

Overall, laboratory water quality analysis must have stability in their results, especially in laboratories accredited by ISO 17025. Accredited parameters should be strictly reliable. Using control charts to ascertain divergences between results is thus very useful. The present work applied a methodology of analysis of results through control charts to accurately monitor the results for a wastewater treatment plant. The parameters analyzed were pH, BOD5, COD, total suspended solids, and total phosphorus. The stability of the results was analyzed from the control charts and 30 analyses performed in the last 12 months. From the results, it was possible to observe whether the results are stable, according to the rehabilitation factor that cannot exceed WN = 1.00 and the efficiency of removal of pollutants that remained above 70% for all parameters. The method of determining the technological reliability and stability of the treatment station using control charts is an efficient tool for detecting any instability in the results. These results help to monitor the results of the analyses more clearly and thus enable a rapid response to possible disturbances and maintain the quality of the analysis control, as well as determining the accreditation entities