Az előszerződés, mint a jövőbeli ismételt foglalkoztatás jogi keretbe foglalt ígérete

Abstract: In this paper a methodology is proposed to elaborate landslide activity maps through the use of PS (Persistent Scatterer) data. This is illustrated through the case study of Tramuntana Range in the island of Majorca (Spain), where ALOS (Advanced Land Observing Satellite) images have been processed through a Persistent Scatterer Interferometry (PSI) technique during the period of 2007–2010. The landslide activity map provides, for every monitored landslide, an assessment of the PS visibility according to the relief, land use, and satellite acquisition parameters. Landslide displacement measurements are projected along the steepest slope, in order to compare landslide velocities with different slope orientations. Additionally, a ground motion activity map is also generated, based on active PS clusters not included within any known landslide phenomenon, butRemote Sens. 2013, 5 6199 even moving, potentially referred to unmapped landslides or triggered by other kinds o

Acoustic signal detection through the cross-correlation method in experiments with different signal to noise ratio and reverberation conditions

[EN] The study and application of signal detection techniques based on cross-correlation method for acoustic transient signals in noisy and reverberant environments are presented. These techniques are shown to provide high signal to noise ratio, good signal discernment from very close echoes and accurate detection of signal arrival time. The proposed methodology has been tested on different signal to noise ratio and reverberation conditions using real data collected in several experiences related to acoustic systems in astroparticle detectors. This work focuses on the acoustic detection applied to tasks of positioning in underwater structures and calibration such those as ANTARES and KM3NeT deep-sea neutrino telescopes, as well as, in particle detection through acoustic events for the COUPP/PICO detectors. Moreover, a method for obtaining the real amplitude of the signal in time (voltage) by using cross correlation has been developed and tested and is described in this work.This work has been supported by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Spanish Government), project ref. FPA2012-37528-C02-02 and Multidark (CSD2009-00064). It has also being funded by Generalitat Valenciana, Prometeo/2009/26, and ACOMP/2014/153. Thanks to the ANTARES Collaboration for the help in the measurements made in the ANTARES deep-sea neutrino telescope.Adrián Martínez, S.; Bou Cabo, M.; Felis, I.; Llorens Alvarez, CD.; Martínez Mora, JA.; Saldaña, M.; Ardid Ramírez, M. (2015). Acoustic signal detection through the cross-correlation method in experiments with different signal to noise ratio and reverberation conditions. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. 8629:66-79. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46338-3_7S66798629Ageron, M., et al. (ANTARES Collaboration): ANTARES: the first undersea neutrino telescope. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 656, 11–38 (2011)The KM3NeT Collaboration: KM3NeT technical design report (2010). ISBN 978-90-6488-033-9. www.km3net.orgBehnke, E., et al. (COUPP Collaboration): First dark matter search results from a 4-kg CF3I bubble chamber operated in a deep underground site. Phys. Rev. D 86, 052001 (2012)Ardid, M.: Positioning system of the ANTARES neutrino telescope. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 602, 174–176 (2009)Larosa, G., Ardid, M.: KM3NeT acoustic position calibration of the KM3NeT neutrino telescope. Nucl. Instr. Meth. A 718, 502–503 (2013)Ardid, M.: ANTARES: an underwater network of sensors for neutrino astronomy and deep-sea research. Ad Hoc Sensor Wirel. Netw. 8, 21–34 (2009)Bou-Cabo, M., Ardid, M., Felis, I.: Acoustic studies for alpha background rejection in dark matter bubble chamber detectors. In: Proceedings of the IV International Workshop in Low Radioactivity Techniques. AIP Conference Proceedings, vol. 1549, pp. 142–147 (2013)Proakis, J.G., Manolakis, D.G.: Digital Signal Processing, 3rd edn. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River (1996)Saldaña, M.: Acoustic system development for the underwater neutrino telescope positioning KM3NeT, Bienal de Física (2013)Ardid, M., et al.: Acoustic transmitters for underwater neutrino telescopes. Sensors 12, 4113–4132 (2012)Felis, I., Bou-Cabo, M., Ardid, M.: Sistemas acústicos para la detección de Materia Oscura, Bienal de Física (2013)Llorens, C.D., et al.: The sound emission board of the KM3NeT acoustic positioning system. J. Instrum. 7, C01001 (2012)Graf, K.: Experimental studies within ANTARES towards acoustic detection of ultra high energy neutrinos in the deep sea. Ph.D. thesis, U. Erlangen, FAU-PI1-DISS-08-001 (2008

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide promotes lipid deposition in subcutaneous adipocytes in obese type 2 diabetes patients: a maladaptive response

Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) beyond its insulinotropic effects may regulate postprandial lipid metabolism. Whereas the insulinotropic action of GIP is known to be impaired in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), its adipogenic effect is unknown. We hypothesized that GIP is anabolic in human subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) promoting triacylglycerol (TAG) deposition through reesterification of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), and this effect may differ according to obesity status or glucose tolerance. Twenty-three subjects categorized into four groups, normoglycemic lean ( n = 6), normoglycemic obese ( n = 6), obese with impaired glucose regulation (IGR; n = 6), and obese T2DM ( n = 5), participated in a double-blind, randomized, crossover study involving a hyperglycemic clamp with a 240-min GIP infusion (2 pmol·kg−1·min−1) or normal saline. Insulin, NEFA, SAT-TAG content, and gene expression of key lipogenic enzymes were determined before and immediately after GIP/saline infusions. GIP lowered NEFA concentrations in the obese T2DM group despite diminished insulinotropic activity (mean NEFA AUC0–4 h ± SE, 41,992 ± 9,843 µmol·l−1·min−1 vs. 71,468 ± 13,605 with placebo, P = 0.039, 95% CI: 0.31–0.95). Additionally, GIP increased SAT-TAG in obese T2DM (1.78 ± 0.4 vs 0.86 ± 0.1-fold with placebo, P = 0.043, 95% CI: 0.1–1.8). Such effect with GIP was not observed in other three groups despite greater insulinotropic activity. Reduction in NEFA concentration with GIP correlated with adipose tissue insulin resistance for all subjects (Pearson, r = 0.56, P = 0.005). There were no significant gene expression changes in key SAT lipid metabolism enzymes. In conclusion, GIP appears to promote fat accretion and thus may exacerbate obesity and insulin resistance in T2DM. </jats:p

Taxonomic and functional metagenomic profiling of the microbial community in the anoxic sediment of a sub-saline Shallow Lake (Laguna de Carrizo, Central Spain)

The phylogenetic and functional structure of the microbial community residing in a Ca2+-rich anoxic sediment of a sub-saline shallow lake (Laguna de Carrizo, initially operated as a gypsum (CaSO4 × 2 H2O) mine) was estimated by analyzing the diversity of 16S rRNA amplicons and a 3.1 Mb of consensus metagenome sequence. The lake has about half the salinity of seawater and possesses an unusual relative concentration of ions, with Ca2+ and SO 4 2- being dominant. The 16S rRNA sequences revealed a diverse community with about 22% of the bacterial rRNAs being less than 94.5% similar to any rRNA currently deposited in GenBank. In addition to this, about 79% of the archaeal rRNA genes were mostly related to uncultured Euryarchaeota of the CCA47 group, which are often associated with marine and oxygen-depleted sites. Sequence analysis of assembled genes revealed that 23% of the open reading frames of the metagenome library had no hits in the database. Among annotated genes, functions related to (thio) sulfate and (thio) sulfonate-reduction and iron-oxidation, sulfur-oxidation, denitrification, synthrophism, and phototrophic sulfur metabolism were found as predominant. Phylogenetic and biochemical analyses indicate that the inherent physical–chemical characteristics of this habitat coupled with adaptation to anthropogenic activities have resulted in a highly efficient community for the assimilation of polysulfides, sulfoxides, and organosulfonates together with nitro-, nitrile-, and cyanide-substituted compounds. We discuss that the relevant microbial composition and metabolic capacities at Laguna de Carrizo, likely developed as an adaptation to thrive in the presence of moderate salinity conditions and potential toxic bio-molecules, in contrast with the properties of previously known anoxic sediments of shallow lakes.This research was supported by the Spanish CSD2007-00005 project and FEDER funds. M-E.G. thanks the CSIC for a JAE fellowship.Peer Reviewe

Seminari d'Estudis i Recerques Prehistòriques (SERP). Núcleo de cohesión en formación e investigación en Prehistoria de la Universidad de Barcelona desde 1987

El artículo es un resumen amplio de todas las actividades científicas y académicas llevadas a cabo por el SERP (Seminari d'Estudis i Recerques Prehistòriques) desde su fundación en 1987 por parte del Dr. Fullola. Abarca desde programas de excavaciones a proyectos internacionales pasando por temas de Patrimonio arqueológico o de historiografía, entre muchos otros. Además del resumen de dichas actividades, se añade también una completa lista de publicaciones, la gran mayoría en revistas de impacto nacional e internacional. Se incide especialmente en siete líneas básicas de trabajo dentro del grupo, la arqueopetrología, la arqueozoología, el arte prehistórico, la geoarqueología, la paleobotánica, la tecnología, el patrimonio y los estudios territoriales. También se repasan todos y cada uno de los yacimientos objeto de excavación por parte del SERP en estos últimos tres decenios

A first search for coincident gravitational waves and high energy neutrinos using LIGO, Virgo and ANTARES data from 2007

We present the results of the fi rst search for gravitational wave bursts associated with high energy neutrinos. Together, these messengers could reveal new, hidden sources that are not observed by conventional photon astronomy, particularly at high energy. Our search uses neutrinos detected by the underwater neutrino telescope ANTARES in its 5 line con guration during the period January - September 2007, which coincided with the fifth and fi rst science runs of LIGO and Virgo, respectively. The LIGO-Virgo data were analysed for candidate gravitational-wave signals coincident in time and direction with the neutrino events. No signi cant coincident events were observed. We place limits on the density of joint high energy neutrino - gravitational wave emission events in the local universe, and compare them with densities of merger and core-collapse events.The authors also acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies for the construction and operation of the ANTARES neutrino telescope: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives (CEA), Agence National de la Recherche (ANR), Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Region Alsace (contrat CPER), Region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, Departement du Var and Ville de La Seyne-sur-Mer, France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy; Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), the Netherlands; Council of the President of the Russian Federation for young scientists and leading scientific schools supporting grants, Russia; National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania; Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN), Prometeo of Generalitat Valenciana (GVA) and Multi-Dark, Spain. They also acknowledge the technical support of Ifremer, AIM and Foselev Marine for the sea operation and the CC-IN2P3 for the computing facilities. This publication has been assigned LIGO Document Number LIGO-P1200006.Adrián Martínez, S.; Ardid Ramírez, M.; Bou Cabo, M.; Ferri García, M.; Larosa, G.; Martínez Mora, JA.; Astraatmadja, T.... (2013). A first search for coincident gravitational waves and high energy neutrinos using LIGO, Virgo and ANTARES data from 2007. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics. 2013(6):1-39. https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2013/06/008S13920136Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Accadia, T., Acernese, F., Adhikari, R., … Ceron, E. A. (2010). SEARCH FOR GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE INSPIRAL SIGNALS ASSOCIATED WITH SHORT GAMMA-RAY BURSTS DURING LIGO’S FIFTH AND VIRGO’S FIRST SCIENCE RUN. The Astrophysical Journal, 715(2), 1453-1461. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/715/2/1453Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abernathy, M., Accadia, T., Acernese, F., … Allen, B. (2012). Publisher’s Note: Search for gravitational waves from compact binary coalescence in LIGO and Virgo data from S5 and VSR1 [Phys. Rev. D82, 102001 (2010)]. Physical Review D, 85(8). doi:10.1103/physrevd.85.089903Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abernathy, M., Accadia, T., Acernese, F., … Allen, B. (2010). Predictions for the rates of compact binary coalescences observable by ground-based gravitational-wave detectors. Classical and Quantum Gravity, 27(17), 173001. doi:10.1088/0264-9381/27/17/173001Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abernathy, M., Accadia, T., Acernese, F., … Allen, B. (2011). SEARCH FOR GRAVITATIONAL WAVE BURSTS FROM SIX MAGNETARS. The Astrophysical Journal, 734(2), L35. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/734/2/l35Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M., Accadia, T., … Affeldt, C. (2012). All-sky search for gravitational-wave bursts in the second joint LIGO-Virgo run. Physical Review D, 85(12). doi:10.1103/physrevd.85.122007Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M., Accadia, T., … Affeldt, C. (2012). SEARCH FOR GRAVITATIONAL WAVES ASSOCIATED WITH GAMMA-RAY BURSTS DURING LIGO SCIENCE RUN 6 AND VIRGO SCIENCE RUNS 2 AND 3. The Astrophysical Journal, 760(1), 12. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/760/1/12Abadie, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M., Accadia, T., … Affeldt, C. (2012). Search for gravitational waves from low mass compact binary coalescence in LIGO’s sixth science run and Virgo’s science runs 2 and 3. Physical Review D, 85(8). doi:10.1103/physrevd.85.082002Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., … Baker, M. (2010). SEARCH FOR MUON NEUTRINOS FROM GAMMA-RAY BURSTS WITH THE IceCube NEUTRINO TELESCOPE. The Astrophysical Journal, 710(1), 346-359. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/710/1/346Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., … Baker, M. (2011). Erratum: Constraints on the extremely-high energy cosmic neutrino flux with the IceCube 2008-2009 data [Phys. Rev. D83, 092003 (2011)]. Physical Review D, 84(7). doi:10.1103/physrevd.84.079902Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., … Baker, M. (2011). Limits on Neutrino Emission from Gamma-Ray Bursts with the 40 String IceCube Detector. Physical Review Letters, 106(14). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.106.141101(2012). An absence of neutrinos associated with cosmic-ray acceleration in γ-ray bursts. Nature, 484(7394), 351-354. doi:10.1038/nature11068Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., … Andeen, K. (2012). Searching for soft relativistic jets in core-collapse supernovae with the IceCube optical follow-up program. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 539, A60. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201118071Abbasi, R., Abdou, Y., Abu-Zayyad, T., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., … Baker, M. (2011). TIME-DEPENDENT SEARCHES FOR POINT SOURCES OF NEUTRINOS WITH THE 40-STRING AND 22-STRING CONFIGURATIONS OF ICECUBE. The Astrophysical Journal, 744(1), 1. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/744/1/1Abbott, B., Abbott, R., Adhikari, R., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allen, G., … Arain, M. A. (2008). Beating the Spin-Down Limit on Gravitational Wave Emission from the Crab Pulsar. The Astrophysical Journal, 683(1), L45-L49. doi:10.1086/591526Abbott, B., Abbott, R., Adhikari, R., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allen, G., … Arain, M. A. (2008). Search for Gravitational-Wave Bursts from Soft Gamma Repeaters. Physical Review Letters, 101(21). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.101.211102Abbott, B., Abbott, R., Adhikari, R., Agresti, J., Ajith, P., Allen, B., … Arain, M. (2008). Search for gravitational waves associated with 39 gamma-ray bursts using data from the second, third, and fourth LIGO runs. Physical Review D, 77(6). doi:10.1103/physrevd.77.062004Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Adhikari, R., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allen, G., … Arain, M. A. (2009). First LIGO search for gravitational wave bursts from cosmic (super)strings. Physical Review D, 80(6). doi:10.1103/physrevd.80.062002Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Adhikari, R., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allen, G., … Arain, M. A. (2009). LIGO: the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory. Reports on Progress in Physics, 72(7), 076901. doi:10.1088/0034-4885/72/7/076901Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Adhikari, R., Ajith, P., Allen, B., Allen, G., … Arain, M. A. (2009). STACKED SEARCH FOR GRAVITATIONAL WAVES FROM THE 2006 SGR 1900+14 STORM. The Astrophysical Journal, 701(2), L68-L74. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/701/2/l68Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Acernese, F., Adhikari, R., Ajith, P., Allen, B., … Anderson, S. B. (2010). SEARCH FOR GRAVITATIONAL-WAVE BURSTS ASSOCIATED WITH GAMMA-RAY BURSTS USING DATA FROM LIGO SCIENCE RUN 5 AND VIRGO SCIENCE RUN 1. The Astrophysical Journal, 715(2), 1438-1452. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/715/2/1438Accadia, T., Acernese, F., Alshourbagy, M., Amico, P., Antonucci, F., Aoudia, S., … Astone, P. (2012). Virgo: a laser interferometer to detect gravitational waves. Journal of Instrumentation, 7(03), P03012-P03012. doi:10.1088/1748-0221/7/03/p03012Acernese, F., Alshourbagy, M., Amico, P., Antonucci, F., Aoudia, S., Astone, P., … Barone, F. (2008). Status of Virgo. Classical and Quantum Gravity, 25(11), 114045. doi:10.1088/0264-9381/25/11/114045Achterberg, A., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Ahrens, J., Andeen, K., Atlee, D. W., … Bartelt, M. (2006). Limits on the High-Energy Gamma and Neutrino Fluxes from the SGR 1806-20 Giant Flare of 27 December 2004 with the AMANDA-II Detector. Physical Review Letters, 97(22). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.97.221101Adrián-Martínez, S., Al Samarai, I., Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., … Aubert, J.-J. (2012). Search for neutrino emission from gamma-ray flaring blazars with the ANTARES telescope. Astroparticle Physics, 36(1), 204-210. doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.06.001Adrián-Martínez, S., Al Samarai, I., Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., … Aubert, J.-J. (2012). SEARCH FOR COSMIC NEUTRINO POINT SOURCES WITH FOUR YEARS OF DATA FROM THE ANTARES TELESCOPE. The Astrophysical Journal, 760(1), 53. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/760/1/53Adrián-Martínez, S., Al Samarai, I., Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., … Aubert, J.-J. (2012). Measurement of atmospheric neutrino oscillations with the ANTARES neutrino telescope. Physics Letters B, 714(2-5), 224-230. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2012.07.002Ageron, M., Aguilar, J. A., Al Samarai, I., Albert, A., Ameli, F., André, M., … Ardid, M. (2011). ANTARES: The first undersea neutrino telescope. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 656(1), 11-38. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2011.06.103Aglietta, M., Antonioli, P., Bari, G., Castagnoli, C., Fulgione, W., Galeotti, P., … Zichichi, A. (2004). Search for low energy ν in correlation with the 8 events observed by the EXPLORER and NAUTILUS detectors in 2001. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 421(2), 399-405. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20040244Aguilar, J. A., Albert, A., Ameli, F., Amram, P., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., … Aubert, J.-J. (2005). Study of large hemispherical photomultiplier tubes for the ANTARES neutrino telescope. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 555(1-2), 132-141. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2005.09.035Aguilar, J. A., Albert, A., Ameli, F., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Anvar, S., … Basa, S. (2007). The data acquisition system for the ANTARES neutrino telescope. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 570(1), 107-116. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2006.09.098Aguilar, J. A., Albert, A., Anton, G., Anvar, S., Ardid, M., Assis Jesus, A. C., … Baret, B. (2010). Zenith distribution and flux of atmospheric muons measured with the 5-line ANTARES detector. Astroparticle Physics, 34(3), 179-184. doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2010.07.001Aguilar, J. A., Samarai, I. A., Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., … Astraatmadja, T. (2011). Search for a diffuse flux of high-energy νμ with the ANTARES neutrino telescope. Physics Letters B, 696(1-2), 16-22. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2010.11.070Aguilar, J. A., Al Samarai, I., Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., … Astraatmadja, T. (2011). A fast algorithm for muon track reconstruction and its application to the ANTARES neutrino telescope. Astroparticle Physics, 34(9), 652-662. doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2011.01.003Alvarez-Muñiz, J., & Halzen, F. (2001). 1020 eVcosmic-ray and particle physics with kilometer-scale neutrino telescopes. Physical Review D, 63(3). doi:10.1103/physrevd.63.037302Amram, P., Anghinolfi, M., Anvar, S., Ardellier-Desages, F. ., Aslanides, E., Aubert, J.-J., … Battaglieri, M. (2003). Sedimentation and fouling of optical surfaces at the ANTARES site. Astroparticle Physics, 19(2), 253-267. doi:10.1016/s0927-6505(02)00202-5Anchordoqui, L., & Halzen, F. (2006). IceHEP high energy physics at the South Pole. Annals of Physics, 321(11), 2660-2716. doi:10.1016/j.aop.2005.11.015Ando, S., & Beacom, J. F. (2005). Revealing the Supernova–Gamma-Ray Burst Connection with TeV Neutrinos. Physical Review Letters, 95(6). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.95.061103Aso, Y., Márka, Z., Finley, C., Dwyer, J., Kotake, K., & Márka, S. (2008). Search method for coincident events from LIGO and IceCube detectors. Classical and Quantum Gravity, 25(11), 114039. doi:10.1088/0264-9381/25/11/114039ATHAR, H., KIM, C. S., & LEE, J. (2006). INTRINSIC AND OSCILLATED ASTROPHYSICAL NEUTRINO FLAVOR RATIOS REVISITED. Modern Physics Letters A, 21(13), 1049-1065. doi:10.1142/s021773230602038xBaret, B., Bartos, I., Bouhou, B., Corsi, A., Palma, I. D., Donzaud, C., … Sutton, P. (2011). Bounding the time delay between high-energy neutrinos and gravitational-wave transients from gamma-ray bursts. Astroparticle Physics, 35(1), 1-7. doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2011.04.001Barthelmy, S. D., Barbier, L. M., Cummings, J. R., Fenimore, E. E., Gehrels, N., Hullinger, D., … Tueller, J. (2005). The Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) on the SWIFT Midex Mission. Space Science Reviews, 120(3-4), 143-164. doi:10.1007/s11214-005-5096-3Bartos, I., Finley, C., Corsi, A., & Márka, S. (2011). Observational Constraints on Multimessenger Sources of Gravitational Waves and High-Energy Neutrinos. Physical Review Letters, 107(25). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.107.251101Bazin, G., Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Rich, J., Ruhlmann-Kleider, V., Aubourg, E., Le Guillou, L., … Walker, E. S. (2009). The core-collapse rate from the Supernova Legacy Survey. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 499(3), 653-660. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/200911847Berezinsky, V., Sabancilar, E., & Vilenkin, A. (2011). Extremely high energy neutrinos from cosmic strings. Physical Review D, 84(8). doi:10.1103/physrevd.84.085006Bhattacharjee, P. (1989). Cosmic strings and ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays. Physical Review D, 40(12), 3968-3975. doi:10.1103/physrevd.40.3968Braccini, S., Barsotti, L., Bradaschia, C., Cella, G., Virgilio, A. D., Ferrante, I., … Gennai, A. (2005). Measurement of the seismic attenuation performance of the VIRGO Superattenuator. Astroparticle Physics, 23(6), 557-565. doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2005.04.002Brady, P. R., Creighton, J. D. E., & Wiseman, A. G. (2004). 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Profile of European adults interested in internet-based personalized nutrition: The Food4Me Study

Purpose Personalised intervention may have greater potential for reducing the global burden of non-communicable diseases and for promoting better health and wellbeing across the life-span than the conventional “one size fits all” approach. However, the characteristics of individuals interested in personalised nutrition (PN) are unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of European adults interested in taking part in an internet-based PN study. Methods Individuals from seven European countries (UK, Ireland, Germany, the Netherlands, Spain, Greece and Poland) were invited to participate in the study via the Food4Me website (http://www.food4me.org). Two screening questionnaires were used to collect data on socio-demographic, anthropometric and health characteristics as well as dietary intakes. Results A total of 5662 individuals expressed an interest in the study (mean age 40 ± 12.7; range 15-87 years). Of these 64.6% were female and 96.9% were Caucasian. Overall, 12.9% were smokers and 46.8% reported the presence of a clinically diagnosed disease. Furthermore, 46.9% were overweight or obese and 34.9% were sedentary during leisure time. Assessment of dietary intakes showed that 54.3% of individuals reported consuming at least 5 portions of fruit and vegetables per day, 45.9% consumed more than 3 servings of wholegrains and 37.2% limited their salt intake to less than 5.75g per day. Conclusions Our data indicate that individuals volunteering to participate in an internet-based PN study are broadly representative of the European adult population, most of whom had adequate nutrient intakes but who could benefit from improved dietary choices and greater physical activity. Future use of internet-based PN approaches is thus relevant to a wide target audience

Remodeling of the chromatin structure of the facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) locus and upregulation of FSHD-related gene 1 (FRG1) expression during human myogenic differentiation

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) is an autosomal dominant neuromuscular disorder associated with the partial deletion of integral numbers of 3.3 kb D4Z4 DNA repeats within the subtelomere of chromosome 4q. A number of candidate FSHD genes, adenine nucleotide translocator 1 gene (<it>ANT1</it>), FSHD-related gene 1 (<it>FRG1</it>), <it>FRG2 </it>and <it>DUX4c</it>, upstream of the D4Z4 array (FSHD locus), and double homeobox chromosome 4 (<it>DUX4</it>) within the repeat itself, are upregulated in some patients, thus suggesting an underlying perturbation of the chromatin structure. Furthermore, a mouse model overexpressing <it>FRG1 </it>has been generated, displaying skeletal muscle defects.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In the context of myogenic differentiation, we compared the chromatin structure and tridimensional interaction of the D4Z4 array and <it>FRG1 </it>gene promoter, and <it>FRG1 </it>expression, in control and FSHD cells. The <it>FRG1 </it>gene was prematurely expressed during FSHD myoblast differentiation, thus suggesting that the number of D4Z4 repeats in the array may affect the correct timing of <it>FRG1 </it>expression. Using chromosome conformation capture (3C) technology, we revealed that the <it>FRG1 </it>promoter and D4Z4 array physically interacted. Furthermore, this chromatin structure underwent dynamic changes during myogenic differentiation that led to the loosening of the <it>FRG1</it>/4q-D4Z4 array loop in myotubes. The <it>FRG1 </it>promoter in both normal and FSHD myoblasts was characterized by H3K27 trimethylation and Polycomb repressor complex binding, but these repression signs were replaced by H3K4 trimethylation during differentiation. The D4Z4 sequences behaved similarly, with H3K27 trimethylation and Polycomb binding being lost upon myogenic differentiation.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>We propose a model in which the D4Z4 array may play a critical chromatin function as an orchestrator of <it>in cis </it>chromatin loops, thus suggesting that this repeat may play a role in coordinating gene expression.</p