Diagnosis of health/disease status : oral component in school children and in conditions of vulnerability

Se realizó un estudio longitudinal en una muestra (n=416) en dos poblaciones de escolares entre 6 y 13 años de edad asistentes a las escuelas Nº 1-304 “Luis Baldini" en Ugarteche en el departamento de Luján de Cuyo (escuela nº1) y la escuela Nº 1-467 “Guillermo Marconi" del departamento de Tupungato (escuela nº2). El objetivo se centró en determinar el estado de salud/enfermedad componente bucal de la población bajo estudio para determinar las distintas variables involucradas en los resultados obtenidos como fueron, posibilidad de ingreso a los sistemas de atención, efectores de salud existentes en la zona de influencia, el nivel de instrucción y educación en cuidados de la salud y la oportunidad de acceso a la misma. El Nivel de Prevalencia de caries determinada por el índice ceo-d + CPO-D en la escuela nº1 fue de 6,3 y en la escuela nº2 de 4,64 alto en ambas con un componente o+O= en la escuela nº1 de 0.33% desviación estandar= 0,691; en la escuela nº2 de 0,07 con una desviación estandar= 0,243; c+C= escuela nº1 5,05 con una desviación estandar de 3,127, en la escuela nº2 c+C= 3,85 con una desviaicón estandar de 2,232; ei+P= escuela nº1 0,92 con una desviación estandar de 0,972, en la escuela nº2 0,72 con una desviación estandar de 0,713. Lo que evidenció el perfil de atención a la que está expuesta esta población en sentido que no existe la posibilidad que la población de niños reciba atención en la zona a nivel de Salud Pública, escaso control del biofilm de placa y alto consumo de hidratos de carbono fermentables.A longitudinal study was conducted through a sample (n = 416) in two populations of children between 6 and 13 years old attending school No. 1-304 “Luis Baldini" in Ugarteche, Luján de Cuyo (school No. 1) and school No. 1-467 “Guillermo Marconi" of Tupungato (school No. 2). The objective was to determine the health / disease status of oral component of the population under study to determine the different variables involved in the results, the possibility of being admitted to care systems, existing health effectors in the area of influence, the level of training and education in health care and the opportunity to have access to it. The level of prevalence of caries determined by the deft + DMFT index at school No. 1 was 6.3 and at school No.2, 4.64 - high in both with a component f + F = 0.33% at school No. 1, standard deviation = 0.691; and of 0.07 with a standard deviation = 0.243 at school No. 2; d + D = 5.05 at school No.1 with a standard deviation of 3.127, and d + D = 3.85 with a standard deviation of 2.232 at school No. 2; ei + M = 0.92 with a standard deviation of 0.972 at school No.1, and 0.72 with a standard deviation of 0.713 at school No. 2. This showed the profile of care to which this population is exposed in the sense that there is no possibility that the population of children receive care in a public health level, with poor control of plaque biofilm and high consumption of fermentable carbohydratesFil: Grilli, Silvia Mabel. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Odontologí

Estancia académica en la Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho" Campus de Araraquara : Programa ESCALA por Asociación de Universidades del Grupo Montevideo (AUGM)

En el año 2015 la Facultad de Odontología, UNCuyo recibe la visita de una alumna perteneciente a la Facultad de Odontología Universidade Estadual Paulista “Julio de Mesquita Filho, a través de un intercambio estudiantil. La alumna en su informe al regresar a su universidad de origen (UNESP) manifiesta como interesantes, las estrategias y actividades de enseñanza aprendizaje en Atención Primaria de la Salud. Puestas en prácticas como Actividades Curriculares de Campo en el marco del Programa Incremental: JUNTOS PODEMOS LA COMUNIDAD SE BENEFICIA. A partir de esto las autoridades de la Facultad de Odontología de la UNESP, interesadas en las actividades que aquí se realizan, solicitan se evalúe la posibilidad de una visita de intercambio docente para poder trasmitir nuestros saberes a toda la comunidad educativa. Es así que en la convocatoria del Proyecto ESCALA, en el mes de diciembre del 2016, me presento con mi proyecto de movilidad docente, ante la Secretaría de Relaciones Internacionales Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, y resulta aprobado.Fil: Grilli, Silvia Mabel. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Odontologí

Decellularized fennel and dill leaves as possible 3D channel network in GelMA for the development of an in vitro adipose tissue model

The development of 3D scaffold-based models would represent a great step forward in cancer research, offering the possibility of predicting the potential in vivo response to targeted anticancer or anti-angiogenic therapies. As regards, 3D in vitro models require proper materials, which faithfully recapitulated extracellular matrix (ECM) properties, adequate cell lines, and an efficient vascular network. The aim of this work is to investigate the possible realization of an in vitro 3D scaffold-based model of adipose tissue, by incorporating decellularized 3D plant structures within the scaffold. In particular, in order to obtain an adipose matrix capable of mimicking the composition of the adipose tissue, methacrylated gelatin (GelMA), UV photo-crosslinkable, was selected. Decellularized fennel, wild fennel and, dill leaves have been incorporated into the GelMA hydrogel before crosslinking, to mimic a 3D channel network. All leaves showed a loss of pigmentation after the decellularization with channel dimensions ranging from 100 to 500 mu m up to 3 mu m, comparable with those of human microcirculation (5-10 mu m). The photo-crosslinking process was not affected by the embedded plant structures in GelMA hydrogels. In fact, the weight variation test, performed on hydrogels with or without decellularized leaves showed a weight loss in the first 96 h, followed by a stability plateau up to 5 weeks. No cytotoxic effects were detected comparing the three prepared GelMA/D-leaf structures; moreover, the ability of the samples to stimulate differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in mature adipocytes was investigated, and cells were able to grow and proliferate in the structure, colonizing the entire microenvironment and starting to differentiate. The developed GelMA hydrogels mimicked adipose tissue together with the incorporated plant structures seem to be an adequate solution to ensure an efficient vascular system for a 3D in vitro model. The obtained results showed the potentiality of the innovative proposed approach to mimic the tumoral microenvironment in 3D scaffold-based models

Impact measuring : subprogram of promotion and education of health, buccal component “More smiles for Ugarteche"

Se realizó un estudio longitudinal en una muestra (n= 95 niños) entre 6 y 7 años de edad, de la Escuela N° 1-304 Luis Baldini, en Ugarteche, Luján de Cuyo. Se evaluó el impacto del subprograma de referencia. Se midieron efectos cualitativos y cuantitativos del proceso educativo, la aceptabilidad del subprograma, la intervención clínica y el impacto a través de los registros ex ante y ex post de las variables seleccionadas. Mediante entrevistas y cuestionarios realizados a docentes y padres se analizó conocimientos en salud bucal. Con la misma herramienta se midió el impacto durante el transcurso.A longitudinal study was conducted in a sample (n = 95 children) between 6 and 7 years old, School No. 1-304 Luis Baldini, in Ugarteche, Lujan de Cuyo. The impact of the subprogram was evaluated. Qualitative and quantitative effects of the educational process, the subprogram acceptability, clinical intervention and the impact through pre ex and post ex records of selected variables were measured. Oral health knowledge was analyzed through interviews and questionnaires given to teachers and parents. With the same tool, impact was measured during the courseFil: Martín, Graciela Laura. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de OdontologíaFil: Grilli, Silvia Mabel. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de OdontologíaFil: Borjas, María Inés. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Odontologí

Assessing Soil Erosion Susceptibility for Past and Future Scenarios in Semiarid Mediterranean Agroecosystems

The evaluation of soil erosion rate, particularly in agricultural lands, is a crucial tool for long-term land management planning. This research utilized the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model to simulate soil erosion in a semiarid watershed located in South Portugal. To understand the evolution of the erosive phenomenon over time, soil erosion susceptibility maps for both historical and future periods were created. The historical period exhibited the highest average soil erosion for each land use, followed by the representative concentration pathways (RCPs) 8.5 and 4.5 scenarios. The differences in soil loss between these two RCPs were influenced by the slightly increasing trend of extreme events, particularly notable in RCP 8.5, leading to a higher maximum value of soil erosion. The research highlighted a tendency towards erosion in the agroforestry system known as “montado”, specifically on Leptosols throughout the entire basin. The study confirmed that Leptosols are most susceptible to sediment loss due to their inherent characteristics. Additionally, both “montado” and farmed systems were found to negatively impact soil erosion rates if appropriate antierosion measures are not adopted. This underscores the importance of identifying all factors responsible for land degradation in Mediterranean watersheds. In conclusion, the study highlighted the significance of assessing soil erosion rates in agricultural areas for effective land management planning in the long run. The utilization of the SWAT model and the creation of susceptibility maps provide valuable insights into the erosive phenomenon’s dynamics, urging the implementation of antierosion strategies to protect the soil and combat land degradation in the region.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Microbiological characteristics of poultry meats - Results of inspections carried out in the province of Milano, Italy

Examinations were conducted in terms of microbiological quality/quantity (TMC, Coliforms, E. coli, S. aureus, Sulphate-reducing Clostridia, B. cereus, Salmonella spp. and Lysteria spp. and Campylobacter spp.) on 240 poultry meat samples (chicken, turkey and quail) acquired pursuant to the standards set by the Regional Plan of programming and coordination in the field of operations concerning official inspections of Lombardia animal origin and by a few private companies for self-inspection. The TMC was consistently low and in line with reports in the literature, as was the case with coliforms, E. coli, S. aureus, sulphatereducing Clostrides and B. cereus. In the case of Salmonella spp., only 5 samples tested positive: one for S. typhimurium and one for S. enteritidis (chicken); only one sample from turkey tested positive for S. blokley, and two out of five samples analysed from quail tested positive result for S. typhimurium. About 3% of the samples analyzed tested positive for Listeria monocitogenes, but they were within the legal limits. Research on Campylobacter thermophiles has involved only 50 samples, of which only 5 have tested positive. These results confirm the high quality of hygiene and cleanliness of poultry meat, in accordance with that reported in the national literature and with respect to EU norms

Application of the Caries Management By Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) protocol in the diagnosis of dental caries risk factors and determination of the most effective treatment strategies, in age groups between 6 and 14 years of age

ETAPA I: calibración y traslado al equipo local: La investigación se dividirá en tres etapas: la primera; presentación de datos epidemiológicos recogidos hasta el momento por la Cátedra de Odontología Preventiva Social y Comunitaria de la FO UNCuyo, a la Cátedra de Odontología Preventiva y Comunitaria de FO UCM.En esta primera etapa acordaremos los lineamientos y pondremos en acción las actividades de calibración en cuanto al uso de test y protocolos de CAMBRA e ICDAS II. Segunda etapa: descriptiva-transversal, a través de un estudio de prevalencia y la tercera etapa analítica, mediante un estudio de casos. La población en estudio son niños en edad escolar de entre 6 a 14 años de edad, en los que se diagnosticarán los factores de riesgo de caries con la aplicación de test CAMBRA y se aplicarán luego las mejores estrategias en el tratamiento y control de esos factores en base a los protocolos CAMBRA. Para registro y evaluación clínica con aplicará protocolo ICDAS II.The investigation will be divided into three stages: the first; presentation of epidemiological data collected so far by the Chair of Social and Community Preventive Dentistry of the UNCuyo FO, to the Chair of Preventive and Community Dentistry of FO UCM. In this first stage, we will agree on the guidelines and put into action the calibration activities regarding the use of CAMBRA and ICDAS II tests and protocols. Second stage: descriptive-transversal, through a prevalence study and the third analytical stage, through a case study. The population under study is children of school age between 6 to 14 years of age, in which caries risk factors will be diagnosed with the application of the CAMBRA test and then the best strategies will be applied in the treatment and control of these factors based on the CAMBRA protocols. For registration and clinical evaluation, ICDAS II protocol will be applied..Fil: Grilli, Silvia Mabel. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de OdontologíaFil: Martín, Laura Graciela. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Odontologí

DAT atypical inhibitors as novel antipsychotic drugs

Despite its classification as a psychiatric disease, schizophrenia is both a behavioral and a biological disorder resulting in neurocognitive dysfunction. Social and economic costs of schizophrenia are extremely high compared to its incidence and prevalence, however, due to a heterogeneous pattern of brain pathology and symptoms and to an unknown etiology, developing an effective treatment has been really challenging. Among the many neurochemical hypothesis, the dysregulation of dopaminergic neurotransmission has been considered as a central dogma of schizophrenia over the last few decades. In fact, patients with this pathology exhibit increased dopamine (DA) synthesis and release in the striatum which seems to correlate with positive symptoms and moreover, most of the effective antipsychotic drugs (APDs) are D2-receptor antagonists. Unfortunately, chronic treatment with APDs is associated with the induction of extrapyramidal side effects (EPS). In order to identify new possible APDs with a novel mechanism of action and potentially less EPS we tested 3 different compounds generated from the structural modification of vanoxerine (or GBR12909), a known atypical inhibitor of the presynaptic DA transporter (DAT) with cocaine-like activity but cardiotoxic properties that have precluded its clinical use. Preliminary in vitro studies showed that DAhLIs (DAT atypical inhibitors) are able to bind to DAT and inhibit DA reuptake. Additionally, our in vivo results showed that DAhLI i) have putative central effects, ii), unlike vanoxerine, reduce novelty-induced locomotor activity, and iii) counteract cocaine stimulating effects, suggesting that DAhLI may potentiate DA reuptake via DAT. These compounds may provide a way to reduce DA extracellular levels and DA neurotransmission with a selective action on active DA synapses, thus with reduced EPS typical of D2 antagonists, representing a new promising class of presynaptic APDs

Could a mix of short- and long-term policies be the solution to tackle marine litter? Insights from a choice experiment in England and Ireland

Marine litter is a problem impacting the coasts and seas of the whole world. Whilst an increasing number of studies investigate the effects of marine litter on public welfare, most of the research to date considers it as a component of coastal environmental quality. This study specifically examines the preferences and willingness to pay of English and Irish respondents towards the removal and prevention of marine litter, and the trade-off between different short-term (e.g., beach clean-up) and long-term (e.g., ban on single use plastic) policy actions. An online survey, including a choice experiment and behavioural questions, was used to quantify the welfare impacts of marine litter on the provision of recreation and cultural ecosystem services. We found that respondents are generally inclined to the implementation of a policy mix, with propensity for immediate action. Our results confirm the loss of societal benefits due to the presence of marine litter on beaches. The estimated marginal willingness to pay can be used to inform the design and assess costs and benefits of new local, national or supra-national mixed policies directed at reducing litter in the coastal and marine environment

The role of choice experiments in natural capital accounting approaches: fast track versus simulated exchange value in the Deben Estuary saltmarshes

Natural capital accounting requires exchange rather than welfare values, but lack of data and standards have encouraged practitioners to use different approaches (e.g. simple lookup table vs spatial modeling approaches). In this paper, we demonstrate how choice modeling data can provide simulated exchange values which are more robust than simple (fast track) valuation approaches for natural capital accounting. A survey of East of England residents collected the preferences for saltmarsh management and simulated exchange values, coherently linked with the ecosystem conditions. This approach is more informative for environmental local planning purposes. We claim that expanding the set of tools available for natural capital accounting can enhance management of ecosystem services and policy decision making