Ações estratégicas de educação em saúde em ambientes de espera: abordagem da temática “higienização de próteses dentárias” / Strategic actions on health education in waiting environments: approach of the theme “hygienization of dental prostheses” in focus

Trata-se de um relato de experiência, que descreve, sob estratégia narrativo-argumentativa, as significâncias político-pedagógicas atreladas ao planejamento estratégico de ações de educação em saúde vivenciadas em salas de espera e experimentadas por acadêmicos estagiários de um curso de Odontologia. Após análise detalhada, algumas inferências se destacaram: o reconhecimento dos ambientes de espera como território fértil para o desenvolvimento de ações promotoras de saúde; a efetividade do instrumento “TPC” (Teorizar-Praticar-Criticar) no direcionamento dos acadêmicos estagiários no planejamento estratégico de atividades de educação em saúde; a importância de se disseminar, em espaços científicos, os aprendizados advindos de experimentações práticas de estágios. 

The complete genome sequence of Chromobacterium violaceum reveals remarkable and exploitable bacterial adaptability

Chromobacterium violaceum is one of millions of species of free-living microorganisms that populate the soil and water in the extant areas of tropical biodiversity around the world. Its complete genome sequence reveals (i) extensive alternative pathways for energy generation, (ii) ≈500 ORFs for transport-related proteins, (iii) complex and extensive systems for stress adaptation and motility, and (iv) wide-spread utilization of quorum sensing for control of inducible systems, all of which underpin the versatility and adaptability of the organism. The genome also contains extensive but incomplete arrays of ORFs coding for proteins associated with mammalian pathogenicity, possibly involved in the occasional but often fatal cases of human C. violaceum infection. There is, in addition, a series of previously unknown but important enzymes and secondary metabolites including paraquat-inducible proteins, drug and heavy-metal-resistance proteins, multiple chitinases, and proteins for the detoxification of xenobiotics that may have biotechnological applications

Sífilis congênita: uma questão de saúde pública negligenciada

This study aims to expose the main concepts about Congenital Syphilis, in addition to describing the main signs and symptoms that the disease can cause. A review of articles was carried out in the databases Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), with the following Science Descriptors of Health (DeCS): Pregnant woman; Public health; Congenital syphilis; Treponema Pallidum. Selecting articles between the periods of 2013 and 2023, in Portuguese, English and Spanish, to increase the level of relevance and quality of the review. Due to these descriptions, 1029 articles were found, and the titles, abstracts and results were analyzed. Therefore, filters were used based on: containing main subjects (SC), availability of the broad and complete version, containing keywords, languages: Portuguese, English and Spanish and the period from 2013 to 2023. Even though Congenital Syphilis is a a notifiable disease, many cases are wrongly neglected. In addition to the precarious areas of access to the health service that many infected people need. Awareness about the disease in the popular world is also insufficient. In this way, the disease has been spreading uncontrollably in society and, when unnoticed, it generates serious cases with irreversible complications. Therefore, more measures associated with education and mass awareness are needed, as well as prevention incentives for pregnant women in areas of higher prevalence.  Este estudio tiene como objetivo exponer los principales conceptos sobre la Sífilis Congénita, además de describir los principales signos y síntomas que puede provocar la enfermedad. Se realizó una revisión de artículos en las bases de datos Medical Literature Analysis and Retrievel System Online (MEDLINE), Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Literatura Latinoamericana y del Caribe en Ciencias de la Salud (LILACS), con los siguientes Descriptores Científicos de la Salud (DeCS). ): Mujer embarazada; Salud pública; sífilis congénita; Treponema pallidum. Seleccionar artículos entre los períodos de 2013 y 2023, en portugués, inglés y español, para aumentar el nivel de relevancia y calidad de la revisión. Gracias a estas descripciones se encontraron 1029 artículos y se analizaron los títulos, resúmenes y resultados. Por lo tanto, se utilizaron filtros basados ​​en: contenido de temas principales (SC), disponibilidad de la versión amplia y completa, contenido de palabras clave, idiomas: portugués, inglés y español y el período de 2013 a 2023. Si bien la sífilis congénita es una enfermedad de declaración obligatoria, muchos casos se descuidan erróneamente. Además de las precarias zonas de acceso al servicio de salud que necesitan muchos contagiados. La concienciación sobre la enfermedad en el mundo popular también es insuficiente. De esta manera, la enfermedad se ha ido propagando sin control en la sociedad y, cuando pasa desapercibida, genera casos graves con complicaciones irreversibles. Por lo tanto, se necesitan más medidas asociadas a la educación y concientización masiva, así como incentivos de prevención para las mujeres embarazadas en zonas de mayor prevalencia.Esse estudo objetiva expor os principais conceitos acerca da Sífilis Congênita, além de descrever os principais sinais e sintomas que a doença pode causar. Foi  realizada  uma  revisão  de  artigos  nas  bases  de  dados  Medical  Literature Analysis  and  Retrievel  System  Online  (MEDLINE),  Scientific  Electronic  Library  Online (SciELO), Literatura  Latino-Americana  e  do  Caribe  em  Ciências  da  Saúde  (LILACS), com os seguintes Descritores em Ciências  da  Saúde  (DeCS): Gestante; Saúde pública; Sifílis congênita; Treponema Pallidum.  Selecionando artigos entre os períodos de 2013 a 2023, nos idiomas Português, Inglês e Espanhol, para ampliar o nível de relevância e a qualidade da revisão. Por  conta  dessas  descrições,  foram  encontrados  1029 artigos,  sendo  analisados os  títulos,  resumos  e  resultados.  Logo,  foram  empregados  filtros  a  partir  de:  conter assuntos  principais  (SC),  disponibilidade  da  versão  ampla  e completa, conter as palavras-chaves, idiomas:  Português, Inglês e Espanhol e período de 2013 a 2023. Mesmo que a Sífilis Congênita seja uma doença de notificação compulsória, muitos casos são erroneamente negligenciados. Além das precárias zonas de acesso ao serviço de saúde que muitos infectados  necessitam. A conscientização acerca da doença, no meio popular, também é insuficiente. Dessa forma, a doença vem se disseminando descontroladamente na sociedade e, quando despercebida, gera casos graves com complicações irreversíveis. Logo, necessita de mais medidas associadas à educação e a conscientização em massa, além de estímulos de prevenção para gestantes em áreas de maior prevalência.&nbsp

Brazilian Flora 2020: Leveraging the power of a collaborative scientific network

International audienceThe shortage of reliable primary taxonomic data limits the description of biological taxa and the understanding of biodiversity patterns and processes, complicating biogeographical, ecological, and evolutionary studies. This deficit creates a significant taxonomic impediment to biodiversity research and conservation planning. The taxonomic impediment and the biodiversity crisis are widely recognized, highlighting the urgent need for reliable taxonomic data. Over the past decade, numerous countries worldwide have devoted considerable effort to Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which called for the preparation of a working list of all known plant species by 2010 and an online world Flora by 2020. Brazil is a megadiverse country, home to more of the world's known plant species than any other country. Despite that, Flora Brasiliensis, concluded in 1906, was the last comprehensive treatment of the Brazilian flora. The lack of accurate estimates of the number of species of algae, fungi, and plants occurring in Brazil contributes to the prevailing taxonomic impediment and delays progress towards the GSPC targets. Over the past 12 years, a legion of taxonomists motivated to meet Target 1 of the GSPC, worked together to gather and integrate knowledge on the algal, plant, and fungal diversity of Brazil. Overall, a team of about 980 taxonomists joined efforts in a highly collaborative project that used cybertaxonomy to prepare an updated Flora of Brazil, showing the power of scientific collaboration to reach ambitious goals. This paper presents an overview of the Brazilian Flora 2020 and provides taxonomic and spatial updates on the algae, fungi, and plants found in one of the world's most biodiverse countries. We further identify collection gaps and summarize future goals that extend beyond 2020. Our results show that Brazil is home to 46,975 native species of algae, fungi, and plants, of which 19,669 are endemic to the country. The data compiled to date suggests that the Atlantic Rainforest might be the most diverse Brazilian domain for all plant groups except gymnosperms, which are most diverse in the Amazon. However, scientific knowledge of Brazilian diversity is still unequally distributed, with the Atlantic Rainforest and the Cerrado being the most intensively sampled and studied biomes in the country. In times of “scientific reductionism”, with botanical and mycological sciences suffering pervasive depreciation in recent decades, the first online Flora of Brazil 2020 significantly enhanced the quality and quantity of taxonomic data available for algae, fungi, and plants from Brazil. This project also made all the information freely available online, providing a firm foundation for future research and for the management, conservation, and sustainable use of the Brazilian funga and flora

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field