O IMPACTO DO ACIDENTE VASCULAR CEREBRAL NO COTIDIANO DE CUIDADORES FAMILIARES

Objetivo: O Acidente Vascular Cerebral (AVC) gera déficits no funcionamento físico, sensorial e cognitivo do paciente tendo impacto no desempenho das atividades da vida diária, e acarretando alterações na dinâmica familiar. O presente trabalho visa investigar a influência do grau de independência funcional de pacientes acometidos por AVC no impacto da doença na vida do cuidador familiar.Métodos:Trata-se de um estudo transversal, de caráter descritivo. Foram avaliados cuidadores e pacientes que estavam em tratamento nos principais serviços públicos de saúde de Natal/RN, Sendo utilizadas como instrumentos de avaliação a escala de impacto da doença nos cuidadores (Caregiver Burden Scale) e a Medida de Independência Funcional (MIF).Resultados:Os cuidadores eram predominantemente mulheres (84,21%), casadas (63,16%), filhas (42,11%) ou esposas (47,37%) com média de idade de 44,89±9,46 anos. Foi observado que 57,89% da amostra relatou sentir dor nas costas, com uma média, segundo avaliação da Escava Visual Analógica de 7±1,97 pontos. A Medida de Independência Funcional revelou uma funcionalidade moderada quanto aos seus aspectos motores (51±20,50). O impacto do AVC na vida dos cuidadores evidenciou uma sobrecarga negativa com escore de 49±12,82 pontos no CBS.Conclusões: Observou-se um impacto negativo na vida dos cuidadores familiares de pacientes com AVC, sugerindo uma relação entre este impacto e o nível de independência do paciente. É necessário que profissionais de saúde identifiquem a importância dessa relação e trabalhem o paciente de modo a estimular sua funcionalidade para AVDs. Dessa forma, os benefícios da reabilitação não se restringiriam ao paciente, mas contemplariam, também, os demais personagens envolvidos neste processo, como o cuidador familiar

Reformismo em desencanto: as políticas públicas e o estado no capitalismo

The first years of the 21st century were marked by attempts to reform the state in several Latin American countries. Applied policies represented a breakthrough for the workers, but they were not able to significantly modify the relations between capital and labor, and in many countries, governments have been dismissed from power, by democratic means or not. Why have the state reforms failed to permanently change the situation of the working class? This is the question that the present paper seeks to answer, by means of a bibliographical survey on the conception of the State in Marx, thus resorting to Marxist reflection, to understand that the efforts to reform the State and guarantee a more human capitalism, as well as a emancipation of the working classes without contradicting the logic of the capitalist system end up perpetuating exploitation, by presenting as conquests some concessions made by the bourgeoisie, concessions that at the first sign of crisis are suspended. The aim of the research is to show that the state in capitalism is irreformable and therefore has to be replaced by the workers by a new form of organization so that the exploitation of man by man can be interrupted.Os primeiros anos do século XXI foram marcados pelas tentativas de reforma do Estado, em diversos países da América Latina. As políticas aplicadas representaram um avanço para os trabalhadores, no entanto não foram capazes de modificar sensivelmente as relações entre capital e trabalho, bem como, nos mais diversos países, os governos tem sido apeados do poder, por vias democráticas ou não. Por que as reformas do Estado não conseguiram modificar de modo permanente a situação da classe trabalhadora? Essa é a pergunta que o presente trabalho procura responder, por meio de um levantamento bibliográfico sobre a concepção de Estado em Marx, recorrendo assim a reflexão marxista, para compreender que os esforços por reformar o Estado e garantir um capitalismo mais humano, bem como uma emancipação das classes trabalhadoras sem contrariar a lógica do sistema capitalista terminam por perpetuar a exploração, ao apresentar como conquistas, algumas concessões feitas pela burguesia, concessões essas que ao primeiro sinal de crise são suspensas. O objetivo da pesquisa é mostrar que o Estado no capitalismo é irreformável, tendo, portanto, que ser substituído pelos trabalhadores por uma nova forma de organização para que a exploração do homem pelo homem possa ser interrompida

SISTEMAS DE GESTÃO AMBIENTAL NA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL

As questões ambientais têm sido cada vez mais discutidas nas empresas, os mercados atuais tem demandado uma crescente procura por sistemas e produtos que seguem um critério de sustentabilidade. O desenvolvimento e utilização de sistemas que proporcionem uma real racionalização dos recursos naturais são fundamentais para se alcançar a harmonia entre homem e meio ambiente. A engenharia civil tem causado grande impacto ambiental sendo a causadora de grandes modificações no meio ambiente e mesmo com a adoção de procedimentos que visam minimizar os efeitos nocivos. A adoção de uma política de gestão ambiental pelas empresas de construção civil constitui, na atualidade, uma forma de aplicar critérios gerais para melhoria no rendimento ambiental, ou seja, desenvolver um sistema para preservar o meio ambiente, a fim de satisfazer as necessidades da organização, dos clientes e cumprir as normas legais.   Palavras-chave: Transporte rodoviário de passageiros. Malha rodoviária fluminense. Rio de Janeiro. Veículo leve sobre trilhos

Repeatability analysis of guava fruit and leaf characteristics

Psidium guajava L. (guava) is an important species that presents high genetic variability due to its mixed reproductive system, which is desired in breeding programs. Repeatability is an important tool for the selection of genotypes in pre-breeding studies. When genetic variability is present, the knowledge regarding the number of samples to be used in repeatability studies is indispensable. This study aims to determine the number of necessary measures while optimizing resources and maintaining the reliability of the results for the variables evaluated in P. guajava. The experiment was carried out with genotypes from three Brazilian States: Espírito Santo, São Paulo, and Minas Gerais, and a total of 79 P. guajava genotypes were collected. The following characteristics were evaluated: young leaf length and width; developed leaf length and width; fruit length; fruit diameter and fruit cavity diameter; and fruit weight and pulp weight. For the evaluated characteristics, deviance, permanent phenotypic and temporary environment variance, coefficients of repeatability and determination, accuracy and the number of estimated measurements required were determined. We established that the number of measurements required in repeatability analysis for a coefficient of repeatability with a reliability of 80% is four, for the measurements of developed leaf width, pulp weight, fruit diameter, and fruit cavity diameter

Fungal and fungal-like diversity in marine sediments from the maritime Antarctic assessed using DNA metabarcoding

We assessed the fungal and fungal-like sequence diversity present in marine sediments obtained in the vicinity of the South Shetland Islands (Southern Ocean) using DNA metabarcoding through high-throughput sequencing (HTS). A total of 193,436 DNA reads were detected in sediment obtained from three locations: Walker Bay (Livingston Island) at 52 m depth (48,112 reads), Whalers Bay (Deception Island) at 151 m (104,704) and English Strait at 404 m (40,620). The DNA sequence reads were assigned to 133 distinct fungal amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) representing the phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Mortierellomycota, Chytridiomycota, Glomeromycota, Monoblepharomycota, Mucoromycota and Rozellomycota and the fungal-like Straminopila. Thelebolus balaustiformis, Pseudogymnoascus sp., Fungi sp. 1, Ciliophora sp., Agaricomycetes sp. and Chaetoceros sp. were the dominant assigned taxa. Thirty-eight fungal ASVs could only be assigned to higher taxonomic levels, and may represent taxa not currently included in the available databases or represent new taxa and/or new records for Antarctica. The total fungal community displayed high indices of diversity, richness and moderate to low dominance. However, diversity and taxa distribution varied across the three sampling sites. In Walker Bay, unidentified fungi were dominant in the sequence assemblage. Whalers Bay sediment was dominated by Antarctic endemic and cold-adapted taxa. Sediment from English Strait was dominated by Ciliophora sp. and Chaetoceros sp. These fungal assemblages were dominated by saprotrophic, plant and animal pathogenic and symbiotic taxa. The detection of an apparently rich and diverse fungal community in these marine sediments reinforces the need for further studies to characterize their richness, functional ecology and potential biotechnological applications

Climate seasonality limits leaf carbon assimilation and wood productivity in tropical forests

The seasonal climate drivers of the carbon cycle in tropical forests remain poorly known, although these forests account for more carbon assimilation and storage than any other terrestrial ecosystem. Based on a unique combination of seasonal pan-tropical data sets from 89 experimental sites (68 include aboveground wood productivity measurements and 35 litter productivity measurements), their associated canopy photosynthetic capacity (enhanced vegetation index, EVI) and climate, we ask how carbon assimilation and aboveground allocation are related to climate seasonality in tropical forests and how they interact in the seasonal carbon cycle. We found that canopy photosynthetic capacity seasonality responds positively to precipitation when rainfall is < 2000ĝ€-mmĝ€-yrĝ'1 (water-limited forests) and to radiation otherwise (light-limited forests). On the other hand, independent of climate limitations, wood productivity and litterfall are driven by seasonal variation in precipitation and evapotranspiration, respectively. Consequently, light-limited forests present an asynchronism between canopy photosynthetic capacity and wood productivity. First-order control by precipitation likely indicates a decrease in tropical forest productivity in a drier climate in water-limited forest, and in current light-limited forest with future rainfall < 2000ĝ€-mmĝ€-yrĝ'1. Author(s) 2016.Fil: Wagner, Fabien H.. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais; BrasilFil: Hérault, Bruno. Ecologie Des Forets de Guyane; BrasilFil: Bonal, Damien. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique; FranciaFil: Stahl, Clment. Universiteit Antwerp; BélgicaFil: Anderson, Liana O.. National Center For Monitoring And Early Warning Of Natural Disasters; BrasilFil: Baker, Timothy R.. University Of Leeds; Reino UnidoFil: Sebastian Becker, Gabriel. Universidad de Hohenheim; AlemaniaFil: Beeckman, Hans. Royal Museum For Central Africa; BélgicaFil: Boanerges Souza, Danilo. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; BrasilFil: Cesar Botosso, Paulo. Ministerio da Agricultura Pecuaria e Abastecimento de Brasil. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria; BrasilFil: Bowman, David M. J. S.. University of Tasmania; AustraliaFil: Bräuning, Achim. Universitat Erlangen-Nuremberg; AlemaniaFil: Brede, Benjamin. Wageningen University And Research Centre; Países BajosFil: Irving Brown, Foster. Universidade Federal Do Acre; BrasilFil: Julio Camarero, Jesus. Instituto Boliviano de Investigacion Forestal Bolivia; BoliviaFil: Camargo, Plnio Barbosa. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Cardoso, Fernanda C.G.. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Carvalho, Fabrcio Alvim. Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora; BrasilFil: Castro, Wendeson. Universidade Federal Do Acre; BrasilFil: Koloski Chagas, Rubens. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Chave, Jrome. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; FranciaFil: Chidumayo, Emmanuel N.. University Of Zambia; ZambiaFil: Clark, Deborah A.. University Of Missouri-st. Louis; Estados UnidosFil: Regina Capellotto Costa, Flavia. Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações. Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia; BrasilFil: Couralet, Camille. Royal Museum For Central Africa; BélgicaFil: Henrique Da Silva Mauricio, Paulo. Universidade Federal Do Acre; BrasilFil: Dalitz, Helmut. Universidad de Hohenheim; AlemaniaFil: Resende De Castro, Vinicius. Universidade Federal de Vicosa; BrasilFil: Milani, Jaanan Eloisa De Freitas. Universidade Federal do Paraná; BrasilFil: Roig Junent, Fidel Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Museo de Historia Natural de San Rafael - Ianigla | Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Museo de Historia Natural de San Rafael - Ianigla | Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Museo de Historia Natural de San Rafael - Ianigla; Argentin

Predicting the Proteins of Angomonas deanei, Strigomonas culicis and Their Respective Endosymbionts Reveals New Aspects of the Trypanosomatidae Family

Endosymbiont-bearing trypanosomatids have been considered excellent models for the study of cell evolution because the host protozoan co-evolves with an intracellular bacterium in a mutualistic relationship. Such protozoa inhabit a single invertebrate host during their entire life cycle and exhibit special characteristics that group them in a particular phylogenetic cluster of the Trypanosomatidae family, thus classified as monoxenics. in an effort to better understand such symbiotic association, we used DNA pyrosequencing and a reference-guided assembly to generate reads that predicted 16,960 and 12,162 open reading frames (ORFs) in two symbiont-bearing trypanosomatids, Angomonas deanei (previously named as Crithidia deanei) and Strigomonas culicis (first known as Blastocrithidia culicis), respectively. Identification of each ORF was based primarily on TriTrypDB using tblastn, and each ORF was confirmed by employing getorf from EMBOSS and Newbler 2.6 when necessary. the monoxenic organisms revealed conserved housekeeping functions when compared to other trypanosomatids, especially compared with Leishmania major. However, major differences were found in ORFs corresponding to the cytoskeleton, the kinetoplast, and the paraflagellar structure. the monoxenic organisms also contain a large number of genes for cytosolic calpain-like and surface gp63 metalloproteases and a reduced number of compartmentalized cysteine proteases in comparison to other TriTryp organisms, reflecting adaptations to the presence of the symbiont. the assembled bacterial endosymbiont sequences exhibit a high A+T content with a total of 787 and 769 ORFs for the Angomonas deanei and Strigomonas culicis endosymbionts, respectively, and indicate that these organisms hold a common ancestor related to the Alcaligenaceae family. Importantly, both symbionts contain enzymes that complement essential host cell biosynthetic pathways, such as those for amino acid, lipid and purine/pyrimidine metabolism. These findings increase our understanding of the intricate symbiotic relationship between the bacterium and the trypanosomatid host and provide clues to better understand eukaryotic cell evolution.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)ERC AdG SISYPHEUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biofis Carlos Chagas Filho, Lab Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, BR-21941 Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biofis Carlos Chagas Filho, Lab Metab Macromol Firmino Torres de Castro, BR-21941 Rio de Janeiro, BrazilLab Bioinformat, Lab Nacl Computacao Cient, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilINRIA Grenoble Rhone Alpes, BAMBOO Team, Villeurbanne, FranceUniv Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5558, Lab Biometrie & Biol Evolut, F-69622 Villeurbanne, FranceUniv Estadual Campinas, Inst Biol, Dept Genet Evolucao & Bioagentes, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Fac Ciencias Farmaceut Ribeirao Preto, Dept Ciencias Farmaceut, São Paulo, BrazilLab Nacl Ciencia & Tecnol Bioetano, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Bioquim & Imunol, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Goias, Inst Ciencias Biol, Mol Biol Lab, Goiania, Go, BrazilFundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Carlos Chagas, Lab Biol Mol Tripanossomatideos, Curitiba, Parana, BrazilFundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Carlos Chagas, Lab Genom Func, Curitiba, Parana, BrazilUniv Estadual Campinas, Ctr Pluridisciplinar Pesquisas Quim Biol & Agr, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Parasitol, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, Ctr Ciencias Biol, Lab Protozool & Bioinformat, Florianopolis, SC, BrazilUniv Fed Vicosa, Dept Bioquim & Biol Mol, Ctr Ciencias Biol & Saude, Vicosa, MG, BrazilInst Butantan, Lab Especial Ciclo Celular, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Dept Biol, Fac Filosofia Ciencias & Letras Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Escola Paulista Med, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Brazilian recommendations on the safety and effectiveness of the yellow fever vaccination in patients with chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases

Background: In Brazil, we are facing an alarming epidemic scenario of Yellow fever (YF), which is reaching the most populous areas of the country in unvaccinated people. Vaccination is the only effective tool to prevent YF. In special situations, such as patients with chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (CIMID), undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, as a higher risk of severe adverse events may occur, assessment of the risk-benefit ratio of the yellow fever vaccine (YFV) should be performed on an individual level. Main body of the abstract: Faced with the scarcity of specific orientation on YFV for this special group of patients, the Brazilian Rheumatology Society (BRS) endorsed a project aiming the development of individualized YFV recommendations for patients with CIMID, guided by questions addressed by both medical professionals and patients, followed an internationally validated methodology (GIN-McMaster Guideline Development). Firstly, a systematic review was carried out and an expert panel formed to take part of the decision process, comprising BRS clinical practitioners, as well as individuals from the Brazilian Dermatology Society (BDS), Brazilian Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Study Group (GEDIIB), and specialists on infectious diseases and vaccination (from Tropical Medicine, Infectious Diseases and Immunizations National Societies); in addition, two representatives of patient groups were included as members of the panel. When the quality of the evidence was low or there was a lack of evidence to determine the recommendations, the decisions were based on the expert opinion panel and a Delphi approach was performed. A recommendation was accepted upon achieving ≥80% agreement among the panel, including the patient representatives. As a result, eight recommendations were developed regarding the safety of YFV in patients with CIMID, considering the immunosuppression degree conferred by the treatment used. It was not possible to establish recommendations on the effectiveness of YFV in these patients as there is no consistent evidence to support these recommendations. Conclusion: This paper approaches a real need, assessed by clinicians and patient care groups, to address specific questions on the management of YFV in patients with CIMID living or traveling to YF endemic areas, involving specialists from many areas together with patients, and might have global applicability, contributing to and supporting vaccination practices. We recommended a shared decision-making approach on taking or not the YFV