Marine debris ingestion by sea turtles (Testudines) on the Brazilian coast: an underestimated threat?

Assessment of marine debris ingestion by sea turtles is important, especially to ensure their survival. From January to December 2011, 23 specimens of five species of sea turtleswere found dead or dying after being rehabilitated, along the coast of the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. To detect the presence of marine debris in the digestive tract of these turtles, we conducted a postmortemexamination from the esophagus until the distal portion of the large intestine for each specimen. Of the total number of turtles, 39% had ingested marine debris such as soft plastic, hard plastic, metal, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottle caps, human hair, tampons, and latex condoms. Five of the seven sea turtles species are found along the Brazilian coast, where they feed and breed. A large number of animals are exposed to various kinds of threats, including debris ingestion

Malacofauna de três fitais da Praia de Caiobá, Matinhos, Paraná

Malacofauna de três fitais da Praia de Caiobá, Matinhos, ParanáMalacofauna of three phytals from Caiobá Beach, Matinhos, Paran

Arquitetura no desporto : piscinas como caso de estudo

Dissertação de mestrado integrado em Arquitectura, Universidade Lusíada de Lisboa, 2021Exame público realizado em 28 de Maio de 2021O seguinte trabalho de investigação incide sobre a particularidade da arquitetura desportiva, com especial enfoque na arquitetura das piscinas – estrututra arquitetónica pouco estudada e que muito contribuiu e contribui para o desenvolvimento desportivo do nosso país – e sobre o modo como este tipo de arquitetura evoluiu até aos dias de hoje. A escolha deste tema passa não só pela perceção das potencialidades do mesmo, visto ser uma parte da nossa arquitetura pouco estudada, como do facto de ter sido atleta de alta competição de Natação, que consideramos ser uma mais valia na elaboração deste trabalho. Assim, em primeiro lugar, iremos contextualizar o aparecimento deste tipo de arquitetura no território nacional, questão determinante nos modos de vida e na evolução deste equipamento. Consequentemente, e terminando no tempo presente, seguimos com a análise da evolução do desporto em Portugal, a par do desenvolvimento da arquitetura desportiva portuguesa, e de como ambos têm contribuido para o exercício da disciplina arquitetónica portuguesa. Convergindo na realidade específica de quatro tipos diferentes de piscinas, tendo como casos de estudo as Piscinas do Campo Grande (do Arquiteto Francisco Keil do Amaral), o Equipamento Desportivo Ribera-Serrallo em Cornellà de Lobregat, Barcelona, Espanha (do arquiteto Álvaro Siza Vieira), o complexo das Piscinas Municipais de Abrantes (dos arquitetos Julião Azevedo, Paulo Azevedo, Luís Durão, Isabel Azevedo) e, por fim, as Piscinas Oceânicas do Tamariz (do arquiteto Manuel Taínha).The following research focuses on the particularity of sports architecture, with a special focus on the architecture of swimming pools – This architectural structure that was not studied in depth has contributed to the sports development of our country - and on how this type of architecture has evolved until to today. The choice of this theme depends not only on the perception of its potential, since it is a part of our architecture that was not studied extensively, but also on the fact that the author has been a high swimming competition athlete, which we consider to be an asset in the elaboration of this work. So, first of all, we will contextualize the appearance of this type of architecture in the national territory, a determining issue in the ways of life and in the evolution of this equipment. Consequently, and ending at the present time, we continue with the analysis of the evolution of sports in Portugal, alongside the development of Portuguese sports architecture, and how both have contributed to the exercise of Portuguese architectural discipline. Converging in the specific reality of four different types of swimming pools, with the case studies of Piscinas do Campo Grande (by architect Francisco Keil do Amaral), o Equipamento Desportivo Ribera-Serrallo in Cornellà de Lobregat, Barcelona, Spain (by architect Álvaro Siza Vieira) , o complexo das Piscinas Municipais de Abrantes (by architects Julião Azevedo, Paulo Azevedo, Luís Durão, Isabel Azevedo) and, finally, as Piscinas Oceânicas do Tamariz (by architect Manuel Taínha)

Demanda turística internacional e taxa de câmbio: modelagem de dependência baseada no modelo copula-GARCH

The exchange rate can be a determining factor in tourist demand and it can change the tourism trade's competitiveness. This study aims to measure the dependence between international tourist demand and the exchange rate in Brazil. Empirical investigations of this relation, using the copula-GARCH model, are relatively recent in the world literature. The application is carried out with monthly data on exchange rates and international arrivals from Argentina, the United States, and Germany, between 1999 and 2018. The results indicate that the exchange rate variation is not directly associated with the number of tourist arrivals from Germany and the United States. However, for Argentina, the correlation measure was negative and statistically significant, indicating a weak association between the variables. This indicates that when the local currency depreciates against the Brazilian currency, the number of arrivals decreases. This study's conclusions can help managers of tourist organizations understand the relationship between foreign exchange and international tourist demand in Brazil.El cambio puede ser un factor determinante en la demanda turística y cambiar la competitividad de la oferta comercial turística. El objetivo de este estudio es medir la dependencia entre la demanda turística internacional y el tipo de cambio en Brasil. Las investigaciones empíricas de esta relación, utilizando el modelo cópula-GARCH, son relativamente recientes en la literatura mundial. La aplicación se realiza con datos mensuales sobre tipos de cambio y el número de llegadas internacionales de Argentina, Estados Unidos y Alemania, entre 1999 y 2018. Los resultados indican que la variación del tipo de cambio no está directamente asociada con el número de llegadas de turistas desde Alemania y Estados Unidos. Sin embargo, para Argentina, el resultado de la medida de correlación fue negativo y estadísticamente significativo, lo que indica una asociación débil entre las variables. Esto indica que cuando la moneda local se deprecia frente a la moneda brasileña, el número de llegadas disminuye. Las conclusiones de este estudio pueden ayudar a los gerentes de las organizaciones turísticas a comprender la relación entre las divisas y la demanda turística internacional en Brasil.A taxa de câmbio pode ser um fator determinante na demanda turística e alterar a competitividade da oferta do trade turístico. O objetivo deste estudo é mensurar a dependência entre a demanda turística internacional e a taxa de câmbio no Brasil. Investigações empíricas dessa relação, pesquisadas há décadas, são relativamente recentes com o uso de modelos cópula-GARCH, na literatura mundial. Este estudo é realizado com dados mensais das taxas de câmbio e do número de chegadas internacionais da Argentina, Estados Unidos e Alemanha, entre 1999 e 2018. Os dados passam por um processo inicial de modelagam de suas distribuições marginais, por meio de modelos ARMA-GARCH, devido sua dependência temporal, e posteriormente, seus os resíduos são utilizados no processo de estimação das cópulas, de onde são extraídas as medidas de associação. Os resultados indicam que a variação da taxa de câmbio não está diretamente associada ao número de chegadas de turistas vindos da Alemanha e dos Estados Unidos. Entretanto, para a Argentina, o resultado da medida de correlação foi negativo e estatisticamente significativo, indicando uma fraca associação entre as variáveis. Esse sinal indica que quando a moeda local se desvaloriza em relação à moeda brasileira, o número de chegadas diminui. As conclusões deste estudo podem ajudar gestores de organizações turísticas a compreender a relação entre câmbio e demanda turística internacional no Brasil

Pap smears in pregnant women: knowledge of nurses working in units of primary health care

Objective: to investigate the nurses' knowledge of gynecological Pap smears performed in pregnant women attending Primary Health Units (UAPS), Fortaleza-CE. Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in three UAP, with a sample of 27 nurses. Data were obtained through a questionnaire and the analysis used was the Epi-info program. Results: the data showed that the majority of nurses, 17 (62,97%), does not perform the gynecological examination in pregnant women. From nurses who perform, 3 (7,4%) make the collection incorrectly. About participating in trainings on prenatal and gynecological examination, 24 (88,8%) reported previous participation. Conclusion: thus, systematic and effective training aiming to overhaul the welfare practices that are established in the family health programs are necessary

Drop out in a clinic of preterm development follow-up: rates and causes

Objective: To make a survey of the dropping out rate and investigate its possible causes in preterm infants follow-up program. Method: Descriptive study, using the quantitative and qualitative methodology, developed in a follow-up preterm born children ambulatory. A survey of evasions occurred from January 2009 to December 2015 was done. Parents of children who dropped out were interviewed about the reason for evasion. To compare characteristics of children groups of drop out and follow-up, t-test (continuous variables) and chi-square test (categorical variables) were used, and content analysis was used for the data obtained in the interviews. Results: The overall rate of evasion over the seven years was 43.7%, reaching 60.5% when considering only children who entered in 2009. There were significant differences between drop out and follow-up groups in relation to age and education of the mothers. The interviews enable to identify reasons for evasion related to socioeconomic factors and health service organization. Conclusion: Better service organization, establishing routines and shared goals for the whole team, can contribute to maintaining the adhesion to the follow-up program. Multidisciplinary teams of follow-up programs, such as ACRIAR should recognize the social and family challenges faced by population served, being important to maintain a constant awareness work to raise awareness of the families about the necessity of the follow-up program

O avanço na assistência à pessoa com transtorno mental após a Reforma Psiquiátrica de 06 de abril de 2001

Objective: To describe the advance in assistance to people with mental disorders who are users of mental health after the Psychiatric Reform in Brazil.Objetivo: Descrever o avanço na assistência a pessoa com transtorno mental usuário de saúde mental após a Reforma Psiquiátrica no Brasil

Infrared Video Thermometry Guidance for Surgical Correction of Chylothorax in Dogs

Background: Macroscopic identification of the extravasation site of chyle in patients with chylothorax is a major challenge. Current forms of identification are invasive and/or expose patients to radiation, as in computerized tomography and radiography. A prototype device that uses infrared video thermometry images to detect temperature increments of 0.1ºC has been developed. This device can process and show real-time images or video on a monitor during surgeries. Therefore, the aim of this work was to report the first successful case in which this innovative device was tested in the transoperative period to identify the thoracic duct and its tributaries in a chylothorax surgery performed in a dog.Case: A 2-year-old male dog of the Shiba Inu breed was presented to the veterinary hospital with exercise intolerance, cough, emaciation, and no history of trauma. Clinical examination was performed along with complete blood count, biochemical analysis, and thoracic radiography. The patient exhibited dyspnea and had diminished breath sounds on chest auscultation. Radiographic images revealed moderate pleural effusion. The dog was anesthetized and submitted to thoracotomy, which enabled visualization of a chylous effusion. A sample of the effusion was collected for cytological and biochemical analyses. Subsequently, pericardiectomy was carried out, and identification of the thoracic duct and its tributaries was guided by an innovative device that generates infrared video thermometry images in real time. The extravasation site of the chylewas visualized on the images shown on a monitor. Consequently, after ligation of the tributary vessel, interruption of chyle overflow could be noticed on the monitor. Thoracotomy was routinely closed, and a drain was placed through an intercostal space after incision. Thirty days after the surgery, the dog exhibited no signs of recurrence. Cytological and biochemical analyses of the effusion revealed an abnormal transudate that had a density of 1,030 g/cm3, alkaline pH, predominance of neutrophils and lymphocytes, and high levels of proteins, triglycerides and cholesterol. These results indicated that the effusion analyzed was chyle.Discussion: Macroscopic aspects of an effusion alone should not be used to make a definitive diagnosis; cytological, physical, and biochemical evaluations are indispensable. The specimen analyzed had a higher concentration of triglycerides than blood, and its cholesterol concentration was lower than that found in blood. Findings like these have already been reported as indicative of chylous effusion. Thoracic duct ligation is the most used technique for correction of chylothorax, and is the technique with better outcomes. Thermometry has already been used for clinical examination in several diseases. However, the innovative device used in this study has the advantage of being noninvasive, and was able to guide the surgeon during the surgery to locate the thoracic duct and precisely identify the tributary lymphatic vessel responsible for the chylous effusion. The physical space occupied by the device did not disturb the surgical team since a small infrared image generator was placed one meter above the patient to take high definition images of the entire animal in the evaluation field. The thermometry device was very useful, non-invasive, and precise to differentiate thoracic structures and to identify the siteof extravasation of chyle. It also allowed a more interactive and precise surgical approach by the surgical team, which was essential to the success of the surgery.Keywords: chyle extravasation, infrared diagnosis, surgery, thorax