FORMAÇÃO DOCENTE E A GESTÃO DO CUIDADO: PROPOSTA DE MUDANÇAS NA FORMAÇÃO PROFISSIONAL/ ÉTICA

Este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar propostas de mudanças no processo de formação de professores pautada na construção da ética profissional. O trabalho, de cunho qualitativo, apresenta a formação ética dentro da perspectiva da Gestão do Cuidado, originadas de observações e vivências, de forma a analisar as diversas interações afetivas entre professores/professores e alunos, demonstrando que a ética é algo pessoal, de cada um e de todos nós. E a formação profissional pautada na gestão do cuidado, propicia o desenvolvimento de um cidadão com responsabilidades sociais, ético, capaz de compreender o seu papel na construção de uma sociedade fundamentada em uma prática social que vise o respeito pelo outro e a propagação da cidadania, centrados na vida. A universidade como centro da educação sistemática da qual faz parte, tem a função de oferecer oportunidades que permitam aos profissionais desenvolverem sua formação profissional, de forma a atender os desafios impostos pela sociedade: a formação de um professor/formador/ ético, emancipado, um ser humanizado

Fair trade – a certification contributing with sustainable development: the case of the CASA APIS of Brazil

O presente estudo tem como objetivo compreender as mudanças ocorridas nas cooperativas da Central de Cooperativas Apícolas do Semiárido Brasileiro (CASA APIS) após a certificação Fair trade, utilizando os conceitos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e do Fair trade como lunetas para as análises. Assim, através de um estudo de caso único, da metodologia de análise de conteúdo e da triangulação dos dados buscamos responder à seguinte questão: em termo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, como a certificação Fair trade impactou as cooperativas da Casa Apis? Durante as análises, verificamos que as dimensões social, econômica, cultural, ambiental e política do Desenvolvimento Sustentável foram aperfeiçoadas com a certificação Fair Trade, no entanto, essas modificações aparecem mais evidentes em algumas dimensões do que em outras. Portanto, concluímos que a certificação Fair trade impactou tais cooperativas ao modificar seus processos produtivos e administrativos, ao agregar valor à marca local introduzindo-a no mercado internacional e ao melhorar as condições econômicas e sociais dos apicultores que pertencem às cooperativas certificadas. This study aims to understand the changes in the Beekeeping Cooperative Center cooperatives of the Brazilian Semi-Arid (CASA APIS) since Fair trade certification, using the concepts of sustainable development and of Fair trade as monoculars for analysis. Thus, through an unique case study, the content analysis methodology and triangulation of data seek to answer the following question: In terms of sustainable development, how does the fair trade certification impacted CASA APIS cooperatives? During the analysis we find that the social, economic, cultural, environmental and sustainable development policy have been improved with the certification Fair Trade, however, these changes appear more evident in some dimensions than in other. Therefore, we conclude that the certification Fair trade impact such cooperatives to modify their production and administrative processes to add value to local brand introduced to the international market and to improving economic and social conditions of beekeepers belonging to certified cooperatives.

FAIR TRADE - uma certificação que contribui com o desenvolvimento sustentável: o caso de CASA APIS do Brasil

This study aims to understand the changes in the Beekeeping Cooperative Center cooperatives of the Brazilian Semi-Arid (CASA APIS) since Fair trade certification, using the concepts of sustainable development and of Fair trade as monoculars for analysis. Thus, through an unique case study, the content analysis methodology and triangulation of data seek to answer the following question: In terms of sustainable development, how does the fair trade certification impacted CASA APIS cooperatives? During the analysis we find that the social, economic, cultural, environmental and sustainable development policy have been improved with the certification Fair Trade, however, these changes appear more evident in some dimensions than in other. Therefore, we conclude that the certification Fair trade impact such cooperatives to modify their production and administrative processes to add value to local brand introduced to the international market and to improving economic and social conditions of beekeepers belonging to certified cooperatives. O presente estudo tem como objetivo compreender as mudanças ocorridas nas cooperativas da Central de Cooperativas Apícolas do Semiárido Brasileiro (CASA APIS) após a certificação Fair trade, utilizando os conceitos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável e do Fair trade como lunetas para as análises. Assim, através de um estudo de caso único, da metodologia de análise de conteúdo e da triangulação dos dados buscamos responder à seguinte questão: em termo de Desenvolvimento Sustentável, como a certificação Fair trade impactou as cooperativas da Casa Apis? Durante as análises, verificamos que as dimensões social, econômica, cultural, ambiental e política do Desenvolvimento Sustentável foram aperfeiçoadas com a certificação Fair Trade, no entanto, essas modificações aparecem mais evidentes em algumas dimensões do que em outras. Portanto, concluímos que a certificação Fair trade impactou tais cooperativas ao modificar seus processos produtivos e administrativos, ao agregar valor à marca local introduzindo-a no mercado internacional e ao melhorar as condições econômicas e sociais dos apicultores que pertencem às cooperativas certificadas.

Development and Automation of a Photovoltaic-Powered Soil Moisture Sensor for Water Management

The objective of this study was to develop and calibrate a photovoltaic-powered soil moisture sensor (SMS) for irrigation management. Soil moisture readings obtained from the sensor were compared with gravimetric measurements. An automated SMS was used in two trials: (i) okra crop (Abelmoschus esculentus) and (ii) chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens). All sensors were calibrated and automated using an Arduino Mega board with C++. The soil moisture data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis. The data recorded by the equipment was correlated with the gravimetric method. The determination coefficient (R2), Pearson correlation (r), and root mean square error (RMSE) were adopted as criteria for equipment validation. The results show that our SMS achieved an R2 value of 0.70 and an r value of 0.84. Notably, there was a striking similarity observed between SMS and gravimetric data, with RMSE values of 3.95 and 4.01, respectively. The global model developed exhibited highly efficient outcomes with R2 (0.98) and r (0.99) values. The applicability of the developed SMS facilitates irrigation management with accuracy and real-time monitoring using digital data. The automation of the SMS emerges as a real-time and precise alternative for performing irrigation at the right moment and in the correct amount, thus avoiding water losses

EVALUATION OF THE MILK PRODUCTION OF SAANEN GOATS IN BRAZIL

The objective of this research was to evaluate the production of milk and goat production systems of the Saanen breed in Brazil. Dairy goat farming is being established in the Brazilian semiarid as a profitable agricultural activity with aptitude for the north-eastern semiarid, where it is not required a lot of investments and large areas for development of this activity, and for these reasons, it is one of the alternatives suitable for generation of employment and income in rural areas, especially for small and medium farmers who live in agrarian reform settlements and traditional rural communities. Thus, it is necessary to increase the milk production of goats through the use of animals from specialized breeds, as the Brazilian genetic material is heterogeneous and not specialized for this activity.The objective of this research was to evaluate the production of milk and goat production systems of the Saanen breed in Brazil. Dairy goat farming is being established in the Brazilian semiarid as a profitable agricultural activity with aptitude for the north-eastern semiarid, where it is not required a lot of investments and large areas for development of this activity, and for these reasons, it is one of the alternatives suitable for generation of employment and income in rural areas, especially for small and medium farmers who live in agrarian reform settlements and traditional rural communities. Thus, it is necessary to increase the milk production of goats through the use of animals from specialized breeds, as the Brazilian genetic material is heterogeneous and not specialized for this activity

An international observational study to assess the impact of the Omicron variant emergence on the clinical epidemiology of COVID-19 in hospitalised patients

Background: Whilst timely clinical characterisation of infections caused by novel SARS-CoV-2 variants is necessary for evidence-based policy response, individual-level data on infecting variants are typically only available for a minority of patients and settings. Methods: Here, we propose an innovative approach to study changes in COVID-19 hospital presentation and outcomes after the Omicron variant emergence using publicly available population-level data on variant relative frequency to infer SARS-CoV-2 variants likely responsible for clinical cases. We apply this method to data collected by a large international clinical consortium before and after the emergence of the Omicron variant in different countries. Results: Our analysis, that includes more than 100,000 patients from 28 countries, suggests that in many settings patients hospitalised with Omicron variant infection less often presented with commonly reported symptoms compared to patients infected with pre-Omicron variants. Patients with COVID-19 admitted to hospital after Omicron variant emergence had lower mortality compared to patients admitted during the period when Omicron variant was responsible for only a minority of infections (odds ratio in a mixed-effects logistic regression adjusted for likely confounders, 0.67 [95% confidence interval 0.61-0.75]). Qualitatively similar findings were observed in sensitivity analyses with different assumptions on population-level Omicron variant relative frequencies, and in analyses using available individual-level data on infecting variant for a subset of the study population. Conclusions: Although clinical studies with matching viral genomic information should remain a priority, our approach combining publicly available data on variant frequency and a multi-country clinical characterisation dataset with more than 100,000 records allowed analysis of data from a wide range of settings and novel insights on real-world heterogeneity of COVID-19 presentation and clinical outcome

Thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications of COVID-19 in adults hospitalized in high-income countries compared with those in adults hospitalized in low- and middle-income countries in an international registry

Background: COVID-19 has been associated with a broad range of thromboembolic, ischemic, and hemorrhagic complications (coagulopathy complications). Most studies have focused on patients with severe disease from high-income countries (HICs). Objectives: The main aims were to compare the frequency of coagulopathy complications in developing countries (low- and middle-income countries [LMICs]) with those in HICs, delineate the frequency across a range of treatment levels, and determine associations with in-hospital mortality. Methods: Adult patients enrolled in an observational, multinational registry, the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections COVID-19 study, between January 1, 2020, and September 15, 2021, met inclusion criteria, including admission to a hospital for laboratory-confirmed, acute COVID-19 and data on complications and survival. The advanced-treatment cohort received care, such as admission to the intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation, or inotropes or vasopressors; the basic-treatment cohort did not receive any of these interventions. Results: The study population included 495,682 patients from 52 countries, with 63% from LMICs and 85% in the basic treatment cohort. The frequency of coagulopathy complications was higher in HICs (0.76%-3.4%) than in LMICs (0.09%-1.22%). Complications were more frequent in the advanced-treatment cohort than in the basic-treatment cohort. Coagulopathy complications were associated with increased in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.52-1.64). The increased mortality associated with these complications was higher in LMICs (58.5%) than in HICs (35.4%). After controlling for coagulopathy complications, treatment intensity, and multiple other factors, the mortality was higher among patients in LMICs than among patients in HICs (odds ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.39-1.51). Conclusion: In a large, international registry of patients hospitalized for COVID-19, coagulopathy complications were more frequent in HICs than in LMICs (developing countries). Increased mortality associated with coagulopathy complications was of a greater magnitude among patients in LMICs. Additional research is needed regarding timely diagnosis of and intervention for coagulation derangements associated with COVID-19, particularly for limited-resource settings

Respiratory support in patients with severe COVID-19 in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection (ISARIC) COVID-19 study: a prospective, multinational, observational study

Background: Up to 30% of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 require advanced respiratory support, including high-flow nasal cannulas (HFNC), non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV), or invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics, outcomes and risk factors for failing non-invasive respiratory support in patients treated with severe COVID-19 during the first two years of the pandemic in high-income countries (HICs) and low middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: This is a multinational, multicentre, prospective cohort study embedded in the ISARIC-WHO COVID-19 Clinical Characterisation Protocol. Patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection who required hospital admission were recruited prospectively. Patients treated with HFNC, NIV, or IMV within the first 24 h of hospital admission were included in this study. Descriptive statistics, random forest, and logistic regression analyses were used to describe clinical characteristics and compare clinical outcomes among patients treated with the different types of advanced respiratory support. Results: A total of 66,565 patients were included in this study. Overall, 82.6% of patients were treated in HIC, and 40.6% were admitted to the hospital during the first pandemic wave. During the first 24 h after hospital admission, patients in HICs were more frequently treated with HFNC (48.0%), followed by NIV (38.6%) and IMV (13.4%). In contrast, patients admitted in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs) were less frequently treated with HFNC (16.1%) and the majority received IMV (59.1%). The failure rate of non-invasive respiratory support (i.e. HFNC or NIV) was 15.5%, of which 71.2% were from HIC and 28.8% from LMIC. The variables most strongly associated with non-invasive ventilation failure, defined as progression to IMV, were high leukocyte counts at hospital admission (OR [95%CI]; 5.86 [4.83-7.10]), treatment in an LMIC (OR [95%CI]; 2.04 [1.97-2.11]), and tachypnoea at hospital admission (OR [95%CI]; 1.16 [1.14-1.18]). Patients who failed HFNC/NIV had a higher 28-day fatality ratio (OR [95%CI]; 1.27 [1.25-1.30]). Conclusions: In the present international cohort, the most frequently used advanced respiratory support was the HFNC. However, IMV was used more often in LMIC. Higher leucocyte count, tachypnoea, and treatment in LMIC were risk factors for HFNC/NIV failure. HFNC/NIV failure was related to worse clinical outcomes, such as 28-day mortality. Trial registration This is a prospective observational study; therefore, no health care interventions were applied to participants, and trial registration is not applicable