Embedded System for Real Color Composition in Experimental Physics

Software can be considered educational when properly contextualized in a relationship of teaching and learning. This paper describes an embedded system and an educational software developed and applied in experimental physics to real and virtual colors composition. The educational system developed allows student interaction by voice commands, which makes the assimilation process of red/green/blue (RGB) color formation concepts more didactic and playful. The application of educational software in experiments also allows to verify, in real time, the influence of programs change on the physical phenomena and stimulates the logical reasoning development and consequently the autonomy of the students, to the measure that can raise hypothesis, make modifications in the programming and take off conclusions from the practical results obtained

Solidified floating organic drop microextraction (SFODME) for the simultaneous analysis of three non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in aqueous samples by HPLC

In this work, a liquid-liquid microextraction methodology using solidified floating organic drop (SFODME) was combined with liquid chromatography and UV/Vis detection to determine non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) naproxen (NPX), diclofenac (DCF), and mefenamic acid (MFN) in tap water, surface water, and seawater samples. Parameters that can influence the efficiency of the process were evaluated, such as the type and volume of the extractor and dispersive solvents, effect of pH, agitation type, and ionic strength. The optimized method showed low detection limits (0.09 to 0.25 μg L-1), satisfactory recovery rates (90 to 116%), and enrichment factors in the range between 149 and 199. SFODME showed simplicity, low cost, speed, and high concentration capacity of the analytes under study. Its use in real samples did not demonstrate a matrix effect that would compromise the effectiveness of the method, being possible to apply it successfully in water samples with different characteristics.publishe

Biological aspects and first record of Leucothyreus alvarengai Frey (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae) in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L) (Poaceae) fields of Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil

Abstract Larvae of Leucothyreus spp. have been reported causing damage to several crops in Brazil. From May 2012 to April 2013, adults and immatures of Leucothyreus alvarengai Frey (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae) samples were obtained from sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) (Poaceae) fields in the municipalities of Naviraí and Nova Andradina, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Adults were collected with the aid of light traps, whereas immatures were sampled by opening two trench sizes (30 x 30 x 30 cm and 80 x 50 x 40 cm) in the soil, beside the plants. The collected larvae were reared in laboratory conditions, fed by sugarcane seedlings. The biological cycle of L. alvarengai was completed in 230 days, displaying three larval instars with mean size of the cephalic capsule of 1.68, 2.46, and 3.00 mm for the first, second, and third instar, respectively. Adults were collected in greater numbers in December 2012, and first-instar larvae were observed as of January 2013. Conversely, pupae were observed in the field from July 2012 to January 2013. This is the first record of larvae and adults of L. alvarengai in sugarcane fields in Mato Grosso do Sul state, contributing with the knowledge about its biology and temporal distribution in the field

Inhibitory action of Lippia gracilis Schauer essential oil on pathogenic bacteria and its effects as a growth promoter on quail

Aim of the study: To examine the in vitro sensitivity of Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli strains to the microbial activity of Lippia gracilis Schauer essential oil (LGSEO) and to determine the optimal level of LGSEO as a growth promoter in diets for Japanese quail up to 35 days of age.Area of study: São Cristovão, Sergipe, Brazil.Material and methods: A total of 504 female Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) at an initial average body weights of 6.80±0.10 g was allotted to one of six treatments (0, 100, 200, 300, 400 mg/kg of LGSEO and a diet containing 500 mg/kg of bacitracin methylene disalicylate) in 7 replicates, using 12 birds per experimental unit.Main results: In the age period of 21 to 35 days, feed intake declined linearly (p=0.04) and feed efficiency improved (p<0.01), whereas no changes were observed in production performance (p>0.05). The estimated (p=0.01) maximum relative weights of proventriculus and pancreas were obtained at the LGSEO inclusion levels of 196.5 and 251 mg/kg, respectively. Inclusion of 100 to 300 mg/kg of LGSEO in the diet reduced the total Salmonella sp. bacterial count.Research highlights: The use of 196.5 mg/kg of LGSEO in the diet of Japanese quail improved production performance and organ development and demonstrated potential antimicrobial capacity against Salmonella sp. bacteria. Due its pharmacological composition, LGSEO can potentially substitute to antimicrobials, because contains thymol and carvacrol as main active constituents

Comparação da atividade antimicrobiana do timol e carvacrol à clorexidina em cirurgias de terceiros molares inferiores

Atualmente há uma incessante busca por novos compostos químicos através dos extratos vegetais e compostos fitoquímicos que não gerem tantos efeitos colaterais na cavidade oral e que possuem boas propriedades antimicrobianas. Deste modo o objetivo do trabalho é avaliar a eficácia sinérgica antimicrobiana de soluções de bochecho contendo timol e carvacrol e compará-los com bochechos de clorexidina 0,12%, após a exodontia de terceiros molares inferiores simétricos. Participaram desse estudo dezenove (n=19) indivíduos saudáveis com idades entre 18 e 30 anos, de ambos os sexos, atendidos na Faculdade de Odontologia do Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS). Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a dois tratamentos terapêuticos diferentes, divididos em dois grupos: grupo 1 (controle) – o participante fez bochecho de clorexidina 0,12%; grupo 2 (experimental) – o participante fez bochecho com uma solução de timol 0,05% e carvacrol 0,025%. A sutura foi removida no pós-operatório de 7 dias e transferida assepticamente para um tubo contendo solução salina estéril de tampão de potássio. As amostras foram enviadas ao Laboratório de Microbiologia da UFMS, para análise microbiológica. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo Teste t Student com o nível de significância de 5%. A média e o desvio-padrão de Unidades Formadoras de Colônias/ml de microrganismos isolados dos fios de sutura que cresceram em Agar BHI obtido do grupo controle foi de 4,766 x 106 ± 4,069 enquanto o grupo experimental foi 4,847 x 106 ± 3,971. Sendo assim, o colutório a base de timol e carvacrol se mostrou eficaz na atividade antimicrobiana na aderência do biofilme em fios de seda após a exodontia de terceiros molares inferiores.  Palavras-chave: Timol e Carvacrol. Cirurgia. Terapêutica

Comparação da atividade antimicrobiana do timol e carvacrol à clorexidina em cirurgias de terceiros molares inferiores

Atualmente há uma incessante busca por novos compostos químicos através dos extratos vegetais e compostos fitoquímicos que não gerem tantos efeitos colaterais na cavidade oral e que possuem boas propriedades antimicrobianas. Deste modo o objetivo do trabalho é avaliar a eficácia sinérgica antimicrobiana de soluções de bochecho contendo timol e carvacrol e compará-los com bochechos de clorexidina 0,12%, após a exodontia de terceiros molares inferiores simétricos. Participaram desse estudo dezenove (n=19) indivíduos saudáveis com idades entre 18 e 30 anos, de ambos os sexos, atendidos na Faculdade de Odontologia do Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS). Todos os pacientes foram submetidos a dois tratamentos terapêuticos diferentes, divididos em dois grupos: grupo 1 (controle) – o participante fez bochecho de clorexidina 0,12%; grupo 2 (experimental) – o participante fez bochecho com uma solução de timol 0,05% e carvacrol 0,025%. A sutura foi removida no pós-operatório de 7 dias e transferida assepticamente para um tubo contendo solução salina estéril de tampão de potássio. As amostras foram enviadas ao Laboratório de Microbiologia da UFMS, para análise microbiológica. Os resultados foram analisados estatisticamente pelo Teste t Student com o nível de significância de 5%. A média e o desvio-padrão de Unidades Formadoras de Colônias/ml de microrganismos isolados dos fios de sutura que cresceram em Agar BHI obtido do grupo controle foi de 4,766 x 106 ± 4,069 enquanto o grupo experimental foi 4,847 x 106 ± 3,971. Sendo assim, o colutório a base de timol e carvacrol se mostrou eficaz na atividade antimicrobiana na aderência do biofilme em fios de seda após a exodontia de terceiros molares inferiores.  Palavras-chave: Timol e Carvacrol. Cirurgia. Terapêutica

Genomic history of coastal societies from eastern South America

Sambaqui (shellmound) societies are among the most intriguing archaeological phenomena in pre-colonial South America, extending from approximately 8,000 to 1,000 years before present (yr bp) across 3,000 km on the Atlantic coast. However, little is known about their connection to early Holocene hunter-gatherers, how this may have contributed to different historical pathways and the processes through which late Holocene ceramists came to rule the coast shortly before European contact. To contribute to our understanding of the population history of indigenous societies on the eastern coast of South America, we produced genome-wide data from 34 ancient individuals as early as 10,000 yr bp from four different regions in Brazil. Early Holocene hunter-gatherers were found to lack shared genetic drift among themselves and with later populations from eastern South America, suggesting that they derived from a common radiation and did not contribute substantially to later coastal groups. Our analyses show genetic heterogeneity among contemporaneous Sambaqui groups from the southeastern and southern Brazilian coast, contrary to the similarity expressed in the archaeological record. The complex history of intercultural contact between inland horticulturists and coastal populations becomes genetically evident during the final horizon of Sambaqui societies, from around 2,200 yr bp, corroborating evidence of cultural change