Direitos das pessoas com deficiência física privadas de liberdade: acessibilidade arquitetônica e inclusão no sistema penitenciário

The situation of invisibility of people with disabilities deprived of their liberty in the penitentiary system represents a flagrant violation of human rights to equality and human dignity. The present research started from the need to identify the conditions of architectural accessibility of people with physical disabilities in the Tocantins penitentiary system, and aimed to diagnose, in the penal units of the State, the compliance with the norms that regulate architectural accessibility, especially the NBR 9050 and the Basic Guidelines for Criminal Architecture (Resolution 09/2011, of the National Council for Criminal and Penitentiary Policy), list the (inter)national protection norms for people with disabilities in prison and point out ways to change the reality and overcome the identified violations. Considering the need for a precise delimitation and the nature of the research undertaken in the Professional Master's, the locus of the research took place in the Casa de Prisão Provisoria de Palmas. During the research, technical products were developed, including events organized with the aim of disseminating knowledge and broadening the debate about accessibility and inclusion of people with disabilities in the prison environment, aiming to give concreteness to what is provided for in art. 79, § 1, of the Statute of Persons with Disabilities; resolution proposals with the Superior Council of the Public Defender's Office of the State of Tocantins (DPE- TO); recommendation; surveys; and a judicial request seeking to give effect to the rights of people with disabilities deprived of their liberty in the Casa de Prisão Provisoria de Palmas. Based on the researcher's professional experience and the use of a qualitative approach, structured in an interdisciplinary way, this dissertation lists the (inter)national treaties, conventions and norms for the protection of the human rights of people with disabilities, as well as analyzes a Technical evaluation report of the basic guidelines for penal architecture related to the Provisional Prison House of Palmas – TO. The dissertation and other technical products will be able to engender greater knowledge about the rights of people with physical disabilities in prison, especially architectural accessibility and inclusion; be used to support the performance of the Public Power in the organization and planning of public policies for architectural accessibility; subsidize new projects, research and studies aimed at the rights of people with disabilities deprived of their liberty; to support the performance of the criminal enforcement bodies responsible for protecting the human rights of this vulnerable public; as well as education in human rights and training of professionals working in the penitentiary system.A situação de invisibilidade das pessoas com deficiência privadas de liberdade no sistema penitenciário representa flagrante violação dos direitos humanos à igualdade e da dignidade humana. A presente pesquisa partiu da necessidade de se identificar as condições de acessibilidade arquitetônica das pessoas com deficiência física no sistema penitenciário tocantinense, e teve como objetivo diagnosticar, nas unidades penais do Estado, o atendimento das normas que regulamentam a acessibilidade arquitetônica, em especial a NBR 9050 e as Diretrizes Básicas para Arquitetura Penal (Resolução 09/2011, do Conselho Nacional de Política Criminal e Penitenciária), listar as normas de proteção (inter)nacional das pessoas com deficiência no cárcere e apontar caminhos para mudança da realidade e a superação das violações identificadas. Considerando a necessidade de uma delimitação precisa e a natureza da pesquisa empreendida no Mestrado Profissional, o locus da pesquisa se deu na Casa de Prisão Provisória de Palmas. Durante a pesquisa foram desenvolvidos produtos técnicos, dentre eles eventos organizados com o objetivo de disseminar conhecimentos e ampliar o debate acerca da acessibilidade e inclusão das pessoas com deficiência no ambiente prisional, visando dar concretude ao que prevê o art. 79, § 1º, do Estatuto da Pessoa com Deficiência; propostas de resolução junto ao Conselho Superior da Defensoria Pública do Estado do Tocantins (DPE-TO); recomendação; vistorias; e pedido judicial buscando dar efetividade aos direitos das pessoas com deficiência privadas de liberdade na Casa de Prisão Provisória de Palmas. Partindo da experiência profissional do pesquisador e do uso de uma abordagem qualitativa, estruturada de forma interdisciplinar, a presente dissertação lista os tratados, convenções e normas (inter)nacionais de proteção de direitos humanos das pessoas com deficiência, bem como analisa Relatório técnico de avaliação das diretrizes básicas para arquitetura penal relacionado à Casa de Prisão Provisória de Palmas – TO. A dissertação e os demais produtos técnicos poderão engendrar maior conhecimento acerca dos direitos da pessoa com deficiência física no cárcere, em especial a acessibilidade arquitetônica e a inclusão; serem utilizados para fundamentar a atuação do Poder Público na organização e no planejamento das políticas públicas de acessibilidade arquitetônica; subsidiar novos projetos, pesquisas e estudos direcionados aos direitos das pessoas com deficiência privadas de liberdade; fundamentar a atuação dos órgãos de execução penal responsáveis pela tutela dos direitos humanos desse público vulnerável; bem como à educação em direitos humanos e à capacitação dos profissionais que atuam no sistema penitenciário

SARAU DA CIDADANIA: uma experiência de teatro popular com a população em situação de rua do Projeto Levanta-te e Anda

O presente artigo tem como base a experiência de teatro popular com a população em situação de rua do Projeto Levanta-te e Anda. Além dessa experiência, consideraremos a atuação do Grupo de Arte Popular A Pombagem em locais de concentração de indivíduos em vulnerabilidade social da cidade do Salvador. Inspirado no método de Augusto Boal, o Sarau da Cidadania fora uma ação cultural composta por oficinas de confecção de máscaras e Teatro-Fórum. Assim, pretende-se refletir sobre como o teatro popular (do oprimido e de rua) pode contribuir para o exercício da cidadania através de suas estratégias lúdico-pedagógicas. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Sarau. Cidadania. Teatro popular. População. Situação de rua

Analysis of glue line and correlations between density and anatomical characteristics of Eucalyptus grandis × Eucalyptus urophylla glulam

This study aimed to analyze the glue line thickness effect and its relation with density and anatomical characteristics of eucalyptus wood. Thus, the thickness of main and secondary glue lines was measured as well as their interaction with apparent density of elements glued with resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) and castor oil polyurethane (CP) adhesives. Anatomical wood characterization of Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla was performed by correlating glue line thickness. According to normative instruction, specimens were produced for delamination tests. The experiment was conducted in a completely random 2 × 2 design factorial scheme (two classes of wood apparent density and two adhesives). Pearson correlation (t < 0,01) was performed among variables. It was found that there was adhesive penetration into vessels and rays of wood. Glue line thickness was higher in woods with density higher than to 0,58 g∙cm-3 glued with RF adhesive. There was a low correlation between wood density and vessel diameter to main and secondary glue lines (t < 0,01)

Correlation between water salinity and arterial hypertension

Hypertension is the main risk factor for the development of cardiovascular diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlation between cases of hypertension and environmental aspects related to water salinity in the municipality of Arari-Maranhão. The following data were evaluated: 1) secondary data on cases of hypertension reported from 2002 to 2012 registered in the Hiperdia Program of the Department of Informatics of SUS (DATASUS), in the municipality of Arari-Maranhão; 2) a temporal series of climatic data and river water quality measured by the physicochemical parameters and the water flow of the Mearim River; and 3) the statistical correlation between the indicators of water quality and the cases of hypertension of the study sample. The results revealed a seasonality in cases of hypertension in the municipality of Arari. This variation was inversely related to the precipitation and the salinity of the river water. Thus, decreased precipitation resulted in increase driver salinity and, consequently, increased consumption of salt by the population, increasing the number of cases of hypertension. The correlation between cases of hypertension and precipitation or salinity was significant and negative. These results revealed a significant correlation between cases of hypertension, water quality, and climatic factors

Meteorological influences on solar energy production in a coastal Amazon region

A study was conducted with a photovoltaic distributed generation system in São Luís, Brazil, to determine the influence of meteorological variables on the generation of energy. The methodology is composed of three stages: the first corresponds to the obtaining, organization, and treatment of the data; the second involves the application of mathematical models to determine the yield, operating temperature, nominal power, and estimated power; and the third is to generate the correlations obtained between the monitored climatic variables, whether on an hourly, daily, monthly, or annual scale. For an average temperature of 27.50ºC in March, it was verified that the ultraviolet radiation was 5.06, while the average of the total radiation was 481.01 W.m-2. The maximum peak temperature was 27.88°C at noon, while the ultraviolet radiation was 8.55 and total radiation was 794.97 W.m-2. At this average temperature variation of 0.38°C, there is a variation of 313.96 W.m-2. It is concluded that, because São Luís is very close to the equator, the conditions to produce the system are favorable, mainly because, on average, there were no abrupt changes in temperature and radiation for the period studied. Even in the wintry period, the production behaved within the parameters designed

Effects of environmental exposure to tobacco on modulation of color vision

The chronic use of cigarettes causes toxic and oxidative effects on the visual system, which can cause changes in color vision. Although there are studies on the harmful effects of tobacco in active smokers, the literature on secondhand/passive smokers (or environmental tobacco smoke) is still scarce. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the ability of color vision in active and passive smokers. This is a cross-sectional observational study in which 103 individuals were divided pseudorandomly into 3 groups: control group (CG) n = 44 individuals (72 eyes), with a mean age of 28.65 ± 7.90; group of passive smokers (GPS) n = 28 (56 eyes), mean age 28.74 ± 9.42; group of active smokers (GAS) n = 31 (60 eyes), mean age 34.91 ± 11.30. The psychophysical evaluation of color vision was performed using the Ishihara pseudoisochromatic plates, the computer program of the Freiburg Visual Acuity & Contrast Test, version 3.7, and the desaturated Lanthony D15 ordering test. The results indicate that there was no correlation in GAS and GPS with age, time of exposure to tobacco and daily consumption. It was observed that both GAS and GPS showed changes in visual acuity (P <0.05), and only GPS showed changes in color vision (P <0.05); GFP showed a deficit in visual acuity and worse color vision when compared to GAS (P <0.05). These results are discussed in relation to the biochemical and pathophysiological effects that exposure to cigarettes may have on the visual system, which would explain the functional changes observed. We conclude that passive and active smokers have impaired color vision and that the psychophysical methods used in this study are effective for the subclinical tracking of changes in color vision

A new design for magnetic poly(vinyl pivalate) for biomedical applications : synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of cytotoxicity in fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and human melanoma cells

Polymers containing magnetic properties play an important role in biomedical therapies, such as embolotherapy or hyperthermia, for their differentiated properties. In this work, magnetite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles were synthesized by the coprecipitation method and dispersed into a thermo plastic matrix of poly(vinyl pivalate) through an emulsion polymerization process. The main goal was the individual encapsulation of magnetite nanoparticles to improve the magnetic response of the magneto-polymeric materials using polymerizable carboxylic acids as coating agents, minimizing the leaching of nanoparticles throughout the nanocomposite formation. For this purpose, synthesized magnetite had its surface modified by acrylic acid or methacrylic acid to improve its individual encapsulation during the polymerization step, thus generating a series of magnetic nanocomposite materials containing different amounts of magnetite intended for biomedical applications. X-ray diffractometry and TEM measurements provided a mean size of approximately 8 nm for the pure magnetite nanoparticles and a spherical morphology. Acid-functionalized Fe3O4 had a size of ap proximately 6 nm, while the nanocomposites showed a size of approximately 7 nm. Magnetization measurement provided a saturation magnetization value of approximately 75 emu/g and confirmed superparamagnetic behavior at room temperature. DSC analysis showed a glass transition tempera ture of 65 ◦C for poly(vinyl pivalate)-based nanocomposites. The tests realized with homopolymer and magnetic composites against different cell lineages (i.e., fibroblasts, keratinocytes, and human melanoma) to evaluate the levels of cytotoxicity showed good results in the different exposure times and concentrations used, since the obtained results showed cell viability greater than 70% compared to the control group, suggesting that the synthesized materials are very promising for medical applications

CHAPAS AGLOMERADAS CONFECCIONADAS COM UREIA-FORMALDEÍDO SOB ADIÇÃO DE TANINO EM PÓ

This work aimed to evaluate the technological properties of particleboards manufactured with particles of Acacia mangium and urea-formaldehyde adhesive by addition of powder form commercial tannin of Acacia mearnsii to their particles. The boards manufactured under different compaction ratio and the effect of these in the properties of the boards evaluated. It used a completely randomized design in the factorial outline 4 x 4 as follows: four percentages of substitution of powder form tannin to the adhesive urea-formaldehyde - 0, 10, 20 and 30%; and four nominal compaction ratios: 1.39, 1.55, 1.73, and 2.00. The pressing cycle used was 3.92 specific pressure with temperature of 140ºC by 8 minutes. The addition of powder tannin to particles with urea-formaldehyde provided some improvements in the physical and mechanical properties. The results indicate that the addition of tannin powder is a viable alternative of use in particleboards, with no need for dilution.Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar as propriedades tecnológicas de chapas aglomeradas fabricadas com partículas de Acacia mangium e adesivo ureia-formaldeído (UF) mediante adição de tanino comercial de Acacia mearnsii na forma de pó a suas partículas. As chapas foram fabricadas sob diferentes razões de compactação e o efeito destas nas propriedades tecnológicas foi avaliado. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado no esquema fatorial 4 x 4, sendo quatro porcentagens de adição de tanino em pó às partículas (0, 10, 20 e 30%), após aplicação do adesivo ureia-formaldeído e quatro razões de compactação nominais - 1,39, 1,55, 1,73, e 2,00. Foi utilizado o ciclo de prensagem com pressão de 3,92 MPa e temperatura de 140ºC por 8 minutos. A adição de tanino em pó às partículas encoladas com ureia-formaldeído proporcionou melhoras em algumas propriedades físicas e mecânicas. Os resultados indicam a adição do tanino em pó como alternativa viável de utilização em chapas de partículas, sem necessidade de sua diluição

PORTO SECO SUL DE MINAS: A IMPORTÂNCIA LOGÍSTICA DO CONDOMÍNIO INDUSTRIAL E LOGÍSTICO

Este trabalho aborda as vantagens competitivas do condomínio industrial e logístico do Porto Seco Sul de Minas para as empresas, com ênfase em seu novo modelo produtivo e logístico proposto às companhias que queiram se instalar no estado de Minas Gerais. Esta pesquisa se faz necessária para demonstrar aos empresários brasileiros, que buscam uma constante melhora na cadeia logística de suas empresas, as possibilidades existentes no novo empreendimento, localizado em uma região privilegiada como Varginha, onde é possível estar mais próximo de fornecedores e compradores em um esquema Just in time. A falta de informações e o não conhecimento dos riscos e das oportunidades fazem com que muitas mudanças sem a devida analise tenham um resultado indesejado às empresas, tendo como objetivo, demonstrar à empresários as vantagens e os resultados positivos obtidos quando suas empresas optam por se instalarem no condomínio industrial e logístico, possibilitando ainda, um maior aproveitamento da cadeia logística e consequente redução de custos operacionais. A pesquisa esclarece às instituições que é possível obter diversas vantagens quando há conhecimento e planejamento logístico de suas empresas

UTILIZAÇÃO DE CORTICOSTEROIDE TÓPICO OCLUSIVO NO TRATAMENTO DO PENFIGOIDE CICATRICIAL DAS MEMBRANAS MUCOSAS EM PACIENTE APRESENTANDO GENGIVITE DESCAMATIVA

Pemphigoid of the mucous membranes is an autoimmune, vesiculobullous, chronic disease characterized by the presence of suprabasal or subepithelial blisters on mucous membranes. It predominantly affects a fixed older age, generally from the fourth decade of life. Ocular involvement is common, with the formation of scars characteristic of this type of pemphigoid, and when the conjunctiva is affected, it can lead the patient to blindness. Those with this alteration may have involvement of the oral mucous membranes, with the inserted gingiva being the most affected site, triggering a condition of desquamative gingivitis, as well as painful and bleeding bullous lesions with deep cleavage. The etiology is unknown, but some authors associate pemphigoid with the use of certain drugs such as Captopril, Furosemide and Amoxicillin. Diagnosis is based on clinical history, perilesional biopsy and direct immunofluorescence. Histopathological examinations show the separation of the basal epithelial layer from the connective tissue itself, vacuolation in the basal lamina under an intact epithelium, and deposits of IgG and C3 in the basal membrane, which can be identified through direct immunofluorescence. The treatment is done in a multidisciplinary way, through topical or systemic corticosteroid therapy, depending on the severity of the disease, in addition to laser therapy and drug associations. The present work aims to present a case of pemphigoid of the mucous membranes, where the patient presented lesions in the eyes and in the oral mucosa, with a diagnosis confirmed through histopathology, in concomitant treatment of stomatology with other medical specialties, such as ophthalmology, presenting satisfactory evolution of the mouth injuries.Penfigoide das membranas mucosas, é uma doença autoimune, vesiculobolhosa, de caráter crônico, que se caracteriza pela presença de bolhas suprabasais, ou subepiteliais, em membranas mucosas. Acomete predominantemente fixa etária mais elevada, geralmente, a partir da quarta década de vida. O envolvimento ocular é costumaz, ocorrendo a formação de cicatrizes característica desse tipo de penfigoide, e quando afetada a conjuntiva, pode levar o paciente à cegueira. Os portadores desta alteração podem apresentar envolvimento das mucosas orais, sendo a gengiva inserida o sítio mais afetado, desencadeando um quadro de gengivite descamativa, além de lesões bolhosas de clivagem profunda, doloridas e sangrantes. A etiologia é desconhecida, mas alguns autores associam o penfigoide ao uso de certos fármacos como Captopril, Furosemida e Amoxicilina. O diagnóstico é baseado na história clínica, biópsia perilesional e imunofluorescência direta. Nos exames histopatológicos, observa-se a separação da camada basal epitelial do tecido conjuntivo propriamente dito, vacuolização na lâmina basal sob um epitélio íntegro, e, depósitos de IgG e C3 na membrana basal, que podem ser identificados através de imunofluorescência direta. O tratamento é feito de forma multiprofissional, através de corticosteroideterapia, tópica ou de forma sistêmica, a depender da gravidade da doença, além de laserterapia e associações medicamentosas. O presente trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar um caso de penfigoide das membranas mucosas, onde o paciente apresentava lesões oculares e em mucosa oral, tendo diagnóstico confirmado através de histopatologia, em tratamento concomitante da estomatologia com outras especialidades médicas, como oftalmologia, apresentando evolução satisfatória das lesões bucais