Prática de ensino supervisionada em Ensino do 1º e do 2º Ciclo do Ensino Básico

O presente relatório, realizado no âmbito do curso de Mestrado em Ensino do 1.º e do 2.º Ciclo do Ensino Básico (CEB), apresenta o trabalho desenvolvido na unidade curricular de Prática de Ensino Supervisionada (PES) referente ao ano letivo 2013/2014. Esta prática decorreu em dois níveis de ensino, 1.º CEB numa turma de 1.º ano de escolaridade e no 2.º CEB, em duas turmas de 5.º ano de escolaridade e outras duas de 6.º ano de escolaridade, todas pertencentes a agrupamentos de escolas de Bragança. O relatório apresenta-se organizado em três capítulos. No primeiro capítulo, designado Contextos Educativos e Fundamentação das Opções Metodológicas, caraterizam-se os contextos onde decorreu a PES e enunciam-se algumas formulações teóricas que justificam/fundamentam as experiências de ensino-aprendizagem desenvolvidas. No segundo capítulo, intitulado Experiências de Ensino-Aprendizagem, é feita a descrição e reflexão de algumas experiências de ensino-aprendizagem realizadas ao longo da PES. No terceiro capítulo, nomeado Conceções de alunos de 6ºano sobre a Sexualidade, Fecundação Humana e Gravidez, corresponde a uma investigação sobre as conceções de um grupo de alunos. Finaliza-se com as Considerações Finais sobre os aspetos mais relevantes da PES. As estratégias implementadas no decorrer da PES surgem da importância que atribuímos à Aprendizagem por Descoberta (APD) no âmbito de uma pedagogia da participação, socio-construtivista, em que os alunos foram agentes ativos e interativos no processo de aprendizagem.This report was written in the framework of the Master’s in teaching on 1st and 2nd Cycles of basic education (CEB) and reports all work developed in the curricular unit of supervised teaching practice (PES) in the school year of 2013/2014. This practice took place in two different levels of education, in the 1st CEB a class of 1st grade, and in 2nd CEB, in two classes of 5th grade and other two of 6th grade, all belonging the school clusters of Bragança. This report was organized into three chapters. The first chapter, designated Educational Contexts and Explanation of the Methodological Options, is about the context in which and they set up some theoretical formulations that justified all the experiences conducted in the teaching-learning process. The second chapter, titled Teaching and Learning Experiences, includes the description of and reflection of some teaching-learning experiences developed during PES. The 3rd chapter, Conceptions of students in 6th grade on Sexuality, fecundation and Human and Pregnancy, corresponds to an investigation into the conceptions of a group of students. This report ends with Final Thoughts, on the most relevant aspects of PES. All the strategies implemented during PES, derived from the importance of learning by discovery (APD) the social-building pedagogy of participation, throughout which the students were active and interactive agents in the learning process

Effect of fluoride, chlorhexidine or Nd:YAG on the progression of root dentin demineralization after removal of the demineralized organic matrix

Quantification of collagen degradation is an important parameter to evaluate dentin caries for preventive aid. Objectives: Evaluate preventive methods against root collagen degradation by the hydroxyproline assay (HYP) and microradiography technique (MRT). Methodology: Five bovine root dentin blocks were obtained and subjected to an artificial demineralization process by acetate buffer (pH 5) to induce carious lesion formation. Samples were subjected to the following therapeutic treatments: 1) 0.12% chlorhexidine for 1 min, 2) 2% fluoride for 1 min, 3) Nd:YAG Laser (400 μm diameter optical fiber, 10 Hz frequency, 60 mJ/pulse energy, 48 J/cm2 energy density, in noncontact mode for 10 s), 4) deionized water (control) for 1 min, 5) MRT control group (without treatment and removal of collagen). Samples were exposed to degradation by a collagenase enzyme for five days. The enzyme solution was collected, by colorimetry in a spectrophotometer, from the collagen matrix for the hydroxyproline release analysis. The same samples were subjected to an additional two days of demineralization to induce the progression of mineral loss. Samples were analyzed by MRT for the visualization of their degraded areas (estimation of lesion depth and mineral loss). ANOVA was applied to compare hydroxyproline release rates. MRT data were subjected to the Kruskal-Wallis test, followed by the Dunn’s test. Comparisons between the initial five-day and the subsequent two-day demineralization processes were performed by repeated t-test or Wilcoxon (p<0.05) measurements. Results: The amount of HYP released from the dentin samples failed to show significant differences among the groups (p=0.09). Fluoride and chlorhexidine were able to interact with the samples, reducing the progression of dentin caries after removal of the demineralized organic matrix. CHX was the only treatment able to show significant lower lesion depth than the negative control. Conclusion: Chlorhexidine and fluoride were effective in reducing root caries progression

ANALYSIS OF INDICATORS AND COST OF WORLD CLASS MAINTENANCE (WCM) IN FOREST MACHINES

The study was carried out at a forest company located in the Paraná State, Brazil, with the feller buncher, skidder and harvester. The following indicators were evaluated: mechanical availability, mean time between failures, mean time to repair, proactive maintenance index and maintenance costs, based on data obtained over a period of 18 months, contemplating the stages of implantation, maturation and stabilization of the WCM. The results showed an increase in the mechanical availability of the cutting and skidding machines from the implantation stage. The mean time between failures increased from the implantation stage, from 31.59 hours to 37.01 hours in the stabilization stage. As for the mean time to repairs, skidder and harvester presented an increase of 25.9% and 18.9% respectively; however, this increase in time represented an improvement in the quality of maintenance services, reflected in the results of mean time between failures. There was also a 31% increase in the proactive index of the machines studied, resulting in 9% reduction in maintenance costs between the deployment and stabilization stages

Estoque de carbono no solo após manejo nutricional de pau-de-balsa

The objective of this work was to evaluate whether balsa wood plantation and its fertilization can improve soil carbon stocks. Total carbon stocks in the soil-biomass system, at 0.0-0.30 m soil depths, were evaluated under three fertilization strategies, after three and seven years, and compared with carbon stocks from native forest and degraded pasture. At the highest fertilization level, balsa wood showed a carbon stock similar to that of the native forest (65.38 Mg ha-1) and, after seven years, it increased carbon stock by 18% in the soil, and by 42% in the soil-biomass system.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar se o plantio de pau-de-balsa e seu manejo nutricional aumentam os estoques de carbono no solo. Os estoques de carbono total do sistema solo-biomassa à profundidade de 0,0–0,30 m foram avaliados em três níveis de adubação, após três e sete anos, e comparados com mata nativa e pastagem degradada. No nível de maior adubação, o pau-de-balsa apresentou estoque de carbono semelhante ao da mata nativa (65,38 Mg ha-1) e, após sete anos, aumentou o estoque de carbono em 18%, no solo, e em 42%, no sistema solo-biomassa

Perfil audiométrico segundo exposição de pilotos civis ao ruído

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the audiometric profile of civilian pilots according to the noise exposure level. METHODS This observational cross-sectional study evaluated 3,130 male civilian pilots aged between 17 and 59 years. These pilots were subjected to audiometric examinations for obtaining or revalidating the functional capacity certificate in 2011. The degree of hearing loss was classified as normal, suspected noise-induced hearing loss, and no suspected hearing loss with other associated complications. Pure-tone air-conduction audiometry was performed using supra-aural headphones and acoustic stimulus of the pure-tone type, containing tone thresholds of frequencies between 250 Hz and 6,000 Hz. The independent variables were professional categories, length of service, hours of flight, and right or left ear. The dependent variable was pilots with suspected noise-induced hearing loss. The noise exposure level was considered low/medium or high, and the latter involved periods >; 5,000 flight hours and >; 10 years of flight service. RESULTS A total of 29.3% pilots had suspected noise-induced hearing loss, which was bilateral in 12.8% and predominant in the left ear (23.7%). The number of pilots with suspected hearing loss increased as the noise exposure level increased. CONCLUSIONS Hearing loss in civilian pilots may be associated with noise exposure during the period of service and hours of flight.OBJETIVO Analisar o perfil audiométrico de pilotos civis segundo grau de exposição ao ruído. MÉTODOS Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal, com 3.130 pilotos civis do sexo masculino de 17 a 59 anos submetidos a exames audiométricos iniciais ou de revalidação de Certificado de Capacidade Física em 2011. Os sujeitos foram categorizados segundo perda auditiva como: normais, sugestivos de perda auditiva induzida por ruído, e outros fatores associados e não sugestivos. A audiometria tonal liminar utilizada foi por via aérea, com a utilização de fones supra-aurais, por meio do estímulo acústico do tipo tom puro, contendo os limiares tonais das frequências de 250 a 6.000 Hz. As variáveis independentes foram as categorias dos pilotos, tempo de serviço, horas de voo e orelha direita ou esquerda. A variável dependente corresponde aos casos sugestivos de perda auditiva induzida por ruído. O grau de exposição foi considerado baixo/médio ou alto, sendo este último com horas de voo maiores que 5.000 e tempo de serviço maior que 10 anos. RESULTADOS Foram observados 29,3% casos sugestivos de perda auditiva induzida por ruído, 12,8% bilaterais com predomínio do lado esquerdo (23,7%). Com o aumento do grau de exposição ao ruído, o número de casos sugestivos de perda auditiva também aumentou. CONCLUSÕES A perda auditiva nos pilotos civis pode estar associada à exposição ao ruído ao longo do tempo de serviço e das horas de voo

Comparison of quality of life questionnaires and their correlation with the clinical course of patients with psoriasis

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis characterized by erythematous, scaly lesions covering extensive areas of the skin and negatively affecting patients' quality of life by interfering in their personal life, social relationships and routine activities. Treatment offers reasonable control of the condition; however, little importance is generally given to the patient's impression. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the quality of life of patients with psoriasis, to verify whether there is a correlation between quality of life and clinical improvement and to compare two quality of life questionnaires and evaluate their equivalence. METHODS: Patients over 18 years of age attending the psoriasis outpatient clinic at the Teaching Hospital of the University of Campinas (UNICAMP), who were either initiating treatment or changing to a new form of treatment, were included in the study. Patients answered two quality of life questionnaires (the Psoriasis Disability Index and the Dermatological Life Quality Index) up to a total of 180 consultations to evaluate whether there is a correlation between the questionnaires. Patients were also rated using a clinical index (Psoriasis Area and Severity Index) at baseline and at follow-up visits. RESULTS: The study involved 138 patients (76 men; mean age 50 years). A correlation was found between the questionnaires and the clinical index, showing that clinical changes are reflected in quality of life. The two questionnaires were found to be equivalent. CONCLUSION: It was found that both clinical condition and quality of life improved in the majority of patients receiving care at this outpatient clinic and that the quality of life questionnaires are equivalent.FUNDAMENTO: A psoríase é uma dermatose inflamatória crônica caracterizada por lesões eritemato-descamativas que atingem extensas áreas da pele, comprometendo a qualidade de vida dos pacientes por interferir na sua vida pessoal, no relacionamento social e nas atividades diárias. O tratamento permite um bom controle, mas a impressão do paciente, quase sempre, é pouco valorizada. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a qualidade de vida de pacientes psoriáticos, verificar se há correlação desta com melhoras clínicas e se há equivalência entre dois questionários de qualidade de vida. MÉTODOS: Foram incluídos no estudo pacientes maiores de 18 anos que estavam no início ou troca de tratamento no ambulatório de psoríase do Hospital de Clínicas da Unicamp. Eles responderam dois questionários de qualidade de vida (Psoriasis Disability Index e Dermatological Life Quality Index), até completar 180 atendimentos, para avaliar se haveria correlação entre os questionários. Receberam também um índice clínico (Índice de Área e de Severidade da Psoríase) no tempo inicial da pesquisa e nos retornos subsequentes. RESULTADOS: A pesquisa foi realizada com 138 pacientes (76 homens, idade média de 50 anos). Observou-se correlação entre os questionários aplicados e o índice clínico, mostrando que alterações clínicas se refletem na qualidade de vida, e que há equivalência entre os questionários. CONCLUSÃO: Constatou-se que a maioria dos pacientes atendidos no ambulatório tem apresentado melhora clínica e da qualidade de vida e que há equivalência entre os questionários de qualidade de vida.454

Use of clobetasol in lacquer for plaque psoriasis treatment

Clobetasol benefits to control psoriasis lesions are well defined, but there were not studies about its action when used in lacquer vehicle to control skin lesions. A double-blind study was conducted with 40 patients that utilized clobetasol 0.05% in one hemibody and just the vehicle in the other hemibody. Twenty of them used petrolatum as vehicle and the others used lacquer. An assessment was conducted using the clinical index PASI and a quality of life questionnaire (Dermatological Life Quality Index). There was no statistical difference between groups. There was a trend of favorable response particularly in the hemibody treated with clobetasol911113115CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPSem informação2008/09433-

Session 7. Accessibility in Brazil

Audio subtitling Portunhol: from a borderless translation approach / Helena Santiago Vigata (Universidade de Brasília), Eduardo Magalhães da Silva (Universidade de Brasília), Ana Carolina Nascimento Fernandes (Centro Universitário Planalto do Distrito Federal) ; The compositional metafunction in the audio description of cartoons: a proposal based on 'The grammar of visual design' / Deise Medina Silveira (Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Bahia) ; Media accessibility for radio and broadcasting undergraduate course: a new discipline in Brazil / Lucinéa Marcelino Villela (Universidade Estadual Paulista). Chair: Graça Bigotte Chorão (Porto Polytechnic Institute (ISCAP)

Operational Performance of an AnaerobicAnoxic-Aerobic Treatment System

Um sistema anaeróbio (UASB) - híbrido aeróbio (lodo ativado com biomassa suspensa e aderidaligado) foi avaliado na remoção de matéria orgânica, sólidos e nitrogênio após sua fase pré-operacional. As análises foram feitas semanalmente com base em amostras compostas, preparadas por amostras individuais coletadas a cada quatro horas, durante o ciclo de 24 horas, ponderadas pela vazão, em cada ponto de monitoramento (esgoto bruto, UASB, câmara anóxica, reatores aeróbios, linha de recirculação de lodo decantadores secundários e efluente final). A ETE apresentou uma vazão média de 908 m3/h com picos entre 10 e 14 h. A DBO foi removida em 86 % (310 para 41 mg/L), sendo a maior parcela nos reatores UASB (70 %) e a remoção de sólidos suspensos totais atingiu 63 % (190 a 94 mg/L). A remoção média de TKN (71 %) e Amônia (77 %) foi superior ao valor predito pelo projeto e, provavelmente, o processo de nitrificação-desnitrificação não foi a rota dominante.An anaerobic (UASB) – hybrid aerobic (suspended and attached growth activated sludge) wastewater treatment system was evaluated on the removal of organic matter, solids and nitrogen following its pre-operational phase. Analysis were made weekly based on composite samples, prepared by grab samples taken every four hours, during 24-hour cycle, weighted by flow rate, on each monitoring point (raw sewage, UASB, anoxic chamber, aerobic reactors, return sludge from secondary decanters and final effluent). The plant presented an average flow rate of 908 m3/h with peaks from 10 to 14 h. BOD was removed by 86 % (310 to 41 mg/L) being the highest parcel accounted by UASB reactors (70 %) and removal of total suspended solids reached 63 % (190 to 94 mg/L). Mean removals of TKN (71 %) and Ammonium (77 %) were above the value predicted by design and, probably the nitrification-denitrification process was not the dominant route

Panel 2. Voice and narration

Influence of a slow narration speed on cognitive load / Bonnie Geerinck (University of Antwerp) ; Audio description in the theatre: a study on the locution of 'Miralu e a luneta encantada' / Bruna Alves Leão (State University of Ceará), Vera Lúcia Santiago Araújo (State University of Ceará) ; Voice quality variations in audio subtitling / Helena Santiago Vigata (Universidade de Brasília), Eduardo Magalhães da Silva (Universidade de Brasília), Ana Carolina Nascimento Fernandes (Universidade de Brasília). Chair: Iwona Mazur (Adam Mickiewicz University