La educación ambiental en una escuela rural en Brasil : trabajadores jóvenes en los campos en larga exposición a pesticidas

Este trabajo, desarrollado por académicos en Química y Ciencias Sociales, es una investigación acción que se basa en la perspectiva crítica de educación ambiental, la cual tuvo lugar en una escuela rural de Brasil. La existencia de estudiantes de la escuela en actividades agrícolas, en larga exposición a pesticidas, constituye el problema del estudio. Para intervenir en esta realidad, elaboramos materiales de enseñanza y las acciones fueron realizadas con el fin de capacitar a los estudiantes y promover un cambio de actitud frente a las situaciones de riesgo. Los datos fueron recogidos por instrumentos cualitativos e investigados por el Análisis de Contenido. Se concluyó que el proceso de intervención en la escuela puede ser una manera de cambiar el posicionamiento de los estudiantes frente a los peligros de la exposición

Do satisfied customers recommend restaurants? the moderating effect of engagement on social networks on the relationship between satisfaction and eWOM

PurposeAcademics and managers scour to understand which perceived quality factors are paramount to consumers during their restaurant experiences and how they influence their emotions, satisfaction, propensity to loyalty and electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM). However, previous studies are divergent regarding the impacts of satisfaction on eWOM. This survey aims to (a) investigate the impacts of perceived quality by restaurant consumers on positive emotions, negative emotions and satisfaction; (b) verify the impacts of satisfaction on the propensity to loyalty and eWOM; (c) test whether the consumers' behavioural engagement in the SNS (CBE-SNS) moderates the relationship between satisfaction and eWOM.Design/methodology/approachThis survey included 416 university students in Peru who completed an electronic form about their experiences at a la carte restaurants. PLS-SEM tested the hypothetical model based on S-O-R Theory (Mehrabian and Russell, 1974).FindingsThe perceived quality by consumers regarding their restaurant experiences positively impacts satisfaction and positive emotions and negatively affects negative emotions. Satisfaction strongly influences the propensity to loyalty but weakly the eWOM. The CBE-SNS moderates the intensity of the relationship between satisfaction and eWOM.Originality/valueThis study is the first to concomitantly test the relationships between perceived quality, positive and negative emotions, satisfaction, the propensity to loyalty, e-WOM and CBE-SNS. Consumer engagement moderates the relationship between satisfaction and eWOM. Accordingly, to stimulate positive eWOM, restaurants must provide their customers with experiences with high perceived quality, impacting their satisfaction, emotions and propensity for loyalty, and developing strategies to increase CBE-SNS.CENTRUMinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Processo de aprendizagem organizacional em eventos raros : estudo de caso em uma organização privada de educação superior

Orientadora : Profª Drª Adriana Roseli Wünsch TakahashiDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração. Defesa: Curitiba, 10/05/2012Inclui referênciasResumo: Esta pesquisa buscou contribuir para os estudos do campo organizacional quando objetivou compreender como se desenvolve o processo de aprendizagem organizacional em eventos raros. Neste estudo, o processo de aprendizagem organizacional é analisado a partir de uma abordagem integradora, que contempla perspectivas comportamentais, cognitivas, sociais e culturais. Por sua vez, adotando uma perspectiva processual, busca-se entender a influência dos eventos raros mediante sua experienciação, objetivando compreender a dinâmica organizacional subjacente. Analisar os processos de aprendizagem organizacional, relacionando-os a eventos raros, portanto, intenciona realçar os processos de mudança sentidos nas organizações e entender a dinâmica pela qual novas rotinas se formam e nova base de conhecimento é criada, utilizada e institucionalizada. Para compreender o processo de aprendizagem organizacional a partir de uma abordagem integradora, optou-se por utilizar como suporte a Teoria da Aprendizagem Social (ELKJAER, 2003) e alguns pressupostos da Teoria Neoinstitucional que são a institucionalização e a legitimação. Para aplicar estes construtos foi escolhida uma organização do setor educacional brasileiro. Este segmento é caracterizado, a partir de 2007, por um alto nível de concorrência, profissionalização da gestão e presença de grandes grupos educacionais no mercado de capitais, o que desencadeou processos de fusões e aquisições, considerados neste estudo como eventos raros que permitem revelar o processo de aprendizagem organizacional na Faculdade GAMA ALFA, instituição de ensino superior objeto desta pesquisa, que passou por um processo de aquisição no ano de 2008. Quanto à metodologia, trata-se de uma pesquisa exploratória, de abordagem qualitativa e método de estudo de caso único, sob uma perspectiva temporal de aproximação longitudinal com corte transversal em 2011. Os dados coletados mostraram que o processo de aprendizagem é possível de ocorrer por meio de mudanças episódicas e revolucionárias e não apenas por meio de um processo contínuo e incremental. Neste sentido, cabe destacar que as interrupções e descontinuidades promovidas por mudanças episódicas e revolucionárias, como o evento raro ocorrido na GAMA ALFA, podem viabilizar mudanças no estado do conhecimento, institucionalizando novas rotinas e práticas e desinstitucionalizando outras, o que é precedido por fontes de tensão e conflito, essenciais para a tomada de ação que possibilita a reformulação das rotinas. Verificou-se ainda a relevância do papel da tecnologia que, enquanto artefato material, é capaz de direcionar ações de mudança, cruciais para desvelar o processo de Aprendizagem Organizacional. Da mesma forma, destaca-se também o papel das rotinas de gestão de pessoas em criar e institucionalizar valores e crenças capazes de direcionar as ações dos membros organizacionais. Outra constatação da pesquisa é que a Aprendizagem ocorreu em nível organizacional, na medida em que foram percebidas mudanças transformacionais ou de circuito duplo (ARGYRIS E SCHON, 1978) nas rotinas da GAMA ALFA, a partir das quais foi possível verificar a institucionalização de novos conhecimentos, assim como a desinstitucionalização de conhecimentos em desuso. Evidenciou-se ainda que o modelo de gestão e suas práticas assim como o novo modelo de ensino foram incorporados e estabilizados ao longo do tempo, evidenciando que práticas e rotinas se tornaram padrões estáveis de ação, o que evidencia a incorporação de novos conhecimentos.Abstract: This research aimed to contribute to the field of organizational studies by seeking to comprehend how to develop the process of organizational learning through rare events. In this study, the Organizational Learning Process is analysed from an integrated approach, which includes perspectives behavioral, cognitive, social and cultural. In turn, by adopting a procedural perspective, aims understand the influence of rare events by experiencing their, comprising the underlying organizational dynamics. Analyze organizational learning processes, linking them to rare events, is to highlight the processes of change observed in the organizations, from that, understanding the dynamics from which new routines are formed and new knowledge base is created, used and institutionalized. To comprehend the organizational learning process from an integrated approach, it was decided to use as support for the Social Learning Theory (ELKJAER, 2003) and some assumptions of Neo-institutionalist Theory that are institutionalization and legitimation. To apply these constructs, it was chosen the Brazilian educational sector. This segment is characterized, from 2007, by a high level of competition, professional management and presence of major educational groups in the capital market, which triggered mergers and acquisitions, considered in this study as rare events that allow reveal the Organizational Learning Process in GAMA ALFA, private higher education company, object of this study, which has as acquisition in 2008. Regarding the methodology, the nature of the research was exploratory, and qualitative approach, unique case study method and longitudinal time perspective and cross section in 2011. Data analysis shows that the Learning Process is likely to occur through changes episodic and revolutionary and not only through a continuous and incremental process. In this regard it is noteworthy that the breaks and discontinuities promoted by episodic and revolutionary changes, such as the rare event occurred in ALPHA GAMA can enable a change in the state of knowledge, institutionalizing new routines and practices and deinstitutionalizing others, which is preceded by tension and conflict sources, essential for taking action that enables the reformulation of routines. There was also the important role of technology as artifact material, is able to direct actions for change, crucial to unveil the process of Organizational Learning. Likewise, it highlights also the role of people management routines to create and institutionalize the values and beliefs able to direct the actions of organizational members. Another finding of the research is that learning occurred at the organizational level as they were perceived transformational change or double loop (ARGYRIS AND SCHON, 1978) on the routines of GAMA ALFA, as of which it could be verified the institutionalization of new knowledge, as well as the institutionalization of knowledge into misuse. It was evidenced that the management model and its practices as well as new teaching model were incorporated and stabilized over time, showing that practices and routines have become stabled standard action which represents the incorporation of knowledge

Estimation of theoretical intake of synthetic food colours Azorubine, Erythrosine, Indigotine, and Ponceau 4R by the Brazilian population

There are very few studies evaluating the exposure of the general population to food colours. This study aimed to estimate the Theoretical Maximum Daily Intake (TMDI) by the Brazilian population of four rather seldom-used synthetic food colours: Azorubine, Erythrosine, Indigotine, and Ponceau 4R. The study was conducted using data from the two most recent National Household Budget Surveys (carried out in 2008/2009 and 2017/2018). The study covered the country’s population, sorted into the following groups: gender, geographic region, and age (among people older than 10 years). The results show that the mean TMDI (mg/day) does not exceed the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) in any population group for any of the food colours. The highest values found were 12.5% of the ADI for Erythrosine in 2008/2009 and 4% in 2017/2018. A decrease in the mean TMDI was observed for all food colours comparing 2008/2009 and 2017/2018. Intake increases with decreasing age, adolescents being the group with the highest mean TMDI. When considering the prevalence of food consumption instead of the mean consumption, TMDI gets closer to the ADI, reaching 79% of the ADI of Erythrosine for adolescent females. The intake of these food colours proved to be within the recommended levels

Meniscal tears: comparison of the conventional spin-echo and fast spin-echo techniques through image processing

Background: Conventional spin-echo (PD-CSE) and fast spin-echo (PD-FSE) techniques are frequently used to detect meniscal tears. However, the time delay for imaging with PD-CSE has resulted in its replacement with faster techniques, such as proton density fast spin-echo (PD-FSE), which has become a frequent tool at most diagnostic centres. Qualitative analysis shows that the PD-CSE technique is more sensitive, but other authors have not found significant differences between the aforementioned techniques. Therefore, we performed a quantitative analysis in this study that aims to measure differences in the quality of the images obtained with both techniques.Methods: We compared the PD-CSE and PD-FSE techniques by quantitatively analysing the obtained proton density images: the area shown, as well as the brightness and lesion contrast of the obtained image. A set of 100 images from 50 patients thought to contain meniscal tears of the knee were selected. These 100 images were obtained from all individuals using both the PD-CSE and PD-FSE techniques. the images were processed using software developed in Delphi. in addition to these quantifications, three physicians, who are specialists in radiology and capable of analysing magnetic resonance (MR) images of the musculoskeletal system, qualitatively analysed the diagnostic sensitivity of both techniques.Results: On average, samples obtained via the PD-CSE technique contained 22% more pixels in the lesion area. the contrast differed by 28%, and the brightness differed by 31%. the two techniques were correlated using Student's t-test, which showed a statistically significant difference. the specialists detected meniscal tears in 30 of the images obtained via the PD-CSE technique, while only 72% of these cases were detected via the PD-FSE technique.Conclusions: the PD-CSE technique was shown to be superior to PD-FSE for all of the evaluated properties, making its selection preferable.FAEP (Fundacao de Amparo a Ensino e Pesquisa) from Universidade de Mogi das CruzesUniv Mogi das Cruzes, Nucleo Pesquisas Tecnol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Diagnost Imagem EPM, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Diagnost Imagem EPM, São Paulo, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Assessing the crashworthiness of a vehicle seat for rear and frontal impacts

A vehicle seat represents an automotive passive system because it limits the damage caused to passengers in the events of an accident or a crash. This way, the present work intends to evaluate the safety of an anchorage mechanism of a frontal vehicle driver seat considering two hazardous situations rear and frontal impacts. Performing a nonlinear FE in static and transient analyses provide the stress distribution in the main components of the mechanism, such as the inner track, the lock device and the bolts using Ansys®. Regulation Nº 17 from Un/ECE regulates the acceleration levels predicted in a crash test and therefore applied in the simulation. In addition, departing from a crash of 5g a fatigue analysis is carried out. From this particular analysis, it becomes possible to evaluate the actual safety of the vehicle seat after a minor crash

NATAÇÃO ESTILO CRAWL: UMA SUGESTÃO DE ENSINO PARA FACILITAR O APRENDIZADO DAS AULAS DE NATAÇÃO

O estilo crawl da natação é conhecido no mundo todo por ser de mais fácil aprendizagem, sendo atualmente a modalidade de nado praticada nas provas de nado livre (DURAN, 2005). O nome crawl é de origem australiana. Seu surgimento veio através da percepção de Dick Cavill membro de família de nadadores australianos ao observar que o batimento simultâneo das pernas e braços que atrasava a propulsão contínua, assim, Cavill descobriu que alternando o movimento das pernas e braços resultaria em aumento da velocidade melhorando a propulsão(COLWIN, 2000)