Effect of sintering temperature on physical, structural and optical properties of wollastonite based glass-ceramic derived from waste soda lime silica glasses

The impact of different sintering temperatures on physical, optical and structural properties of wollastonite (CaSiO3) based glass-ceramics were investigated for its potential application as a building material. Wollastonite based glass-ceramics was provided by a conventional melt-quenching method and followed by a controlled sintering process. In this work, soda lime silica glass waste was utilized as a source of silicon. The chemical composition and physical properties of glass were characterized by using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) and Archimedes principle. The Archimedes measurement results show that the density increased with the increasing of sintering temperature. The generation of CaSiO3, morphology, size and crystal phase with increasing the heat-treatment temperature were examined by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transforms infrared reflection spectroscopy (FTIR), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The average calculated crystal size gained from XRD was found to be in the range 60 nm. The FESEM results show a uniform distribution of particles and the morphology of the wollastonite crystal is in relict shapes. The appearance of CaO, SiO2, and Ca-O-Si bands disclosed from FTIR which showed the formation of CaSiO3 crystal phase. In addition to the calculation of the energy band gap which found to be increased with increasing sintering temperature. Keywords: Soda lime silica glass, Wollastonite, Sintering, Structural properties, Optical propertie

Reuse of Eggshell Waste and Recycled Glass in the Fabrication Porous Glass–Ceramics

This study was conducted to fabricate and characterize of glass–ceramic foam derived from soda-lime silica (SLS) glass waste and eggshell (ES) waste as a foaming agent by using empirical formula [ES] × [SLS]100−x where x = 1 wt%, 3 wt%, 6 wt%, 9 wt%. The samples undergo a heat-treatment process at temperature 800 °C with a heating rate of 10 °C/min. The properties of the samples were measured by average density measurement and linear expansion. The structural properties were studied by XRD, FESEM and FTIR concerning the different composition of the foaming agent while the mechanical properties were determined by compressive strength using UTM. The lowest density and compressive strength were achieved by 0.326 g/cm3 and 0.04 MPa, respectively with the highest linear expansion at 77.33% by the addition of 3 wt% of ES. Moreover, the cristobalite phase (SiO2) were identified after the heat treatment process. The production of foam glass–ceramics using SLS glass and ES can be applied to prepare different type of porosity that gives benefit to the environment and energy usage

Comparison of Foam Glass-Ceramics with Different Composition Derived from Ark Clamshell (ACS) and Soda Lime Silica (SLS) Glass Bottles Sintered at Various Temperatures

Soda lime silica (SLS) waste as the source of silica (SiO2) and ark clamshell (ACS) as the foaming agent has been utilized to fabricate the low-cost and lightweight foam glass-ceramics. A series of 1 and 6 wt% foam glass-ceramics were successfully prepared by the conventional solid-state sintering method at various sintering temperatures for 60 min. The bulk density of the samples has achieved minimum density (1.014 g/cm3) with maximum expansion (62.31%) at 6 wt% of the ACS content sintered at 800 °C for 60 min. The bulk density increases while the linear shrinkage and total porosity decrease with the progression of ACS contents and sintering temperature, where the results correspond with the FESEM micrograph. The result of XRD and FTIR transmittance spectra have shown that the formation of wollastonite crystal has occurred starting at 6 wt% of the ACS content sintered at 800 °C for 30 min. The highest mechanical performance (3.90 MPa) with an average total porosity (8.04%) is observed for the sample containing 1 wt% of ACS. It can be concluded that the composition of foam glass-ceramics (1 and 6 wt%) and sintering temperatures give significant results to the structural, physical, and mechanical properties of the fabricated foam glass-ceramics

Effect of sintering on crystallization and structural properties of soda lime silica glass

The effect of sintering temperatures on crystallization and structural of the soda lime silica (SLS) glass was reported. Elemental weight composition of the SLS glass powder was identified through Energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) analysis while the thermal behavior of the glass was determined using Differential thermal analysis (DTA) technique. Archimedes’ method and direct geometric measurement were respectively used to determine bulk density and linear shrinkage of the glass samples. Crystallisation behavior of the samples was investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and chemical bonds present in the samples were measured using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Results showed an increase in the density and linear shrinkage of the samples as a function of the sintering temperature. The XRD analysis revealed the formation of α-quartz (SiO2) and a minor amount of devitrite phases in the samples and these were further verified through the detection of chemical bonds by FTIR after sintering at 800ºC. The properties of the glass-ceramics can be explained on the basis of crystal chemistry which indicated that the alkali ions formed as carriers in the random network structure and can be recommended for the manufacture of glass fiber or toughened glass-ceramic insulators

Influence of Calcination Temperature on Crystal Growth and Optical Characteristics of Eu3+ Doped ZnO/Zn2SiO4 Composites Fabricated via Simple Thermal Treatment Method

This research paper proposes the usage of a simple thermal treatment method to synthesis the pure and Eu3+ doped ZnO/Zn2SiO4 based composites which undergo calcination process at different temperatures. The effect of calcination temperatures on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of ZnO/Zn2SiO4 based composites have been studied. The XRD analysis shows the existence of two major phases which are ZnO and Zn2SiO4 crystals and supported by the finding in the FT-IR. The FESEM micrograph further confirms the existence of both ZnO and Zn2SiO4 crystal phases, with progress in the calcination temperature around 700–800 °C which affects the existence of the necking-like shape particle. Absorption humps discovered through UV-Vis spectroscopy revealed that at the higher calcination temperature effects for higher absorption intensity while absorption bands can be seen at below 400 nm with dropping of absorption bands at 370–375 nm. Two types of band gap can be seen from the energy band gap analysis which occurs from ZnO crystal and Zn2SiO4 crystal progress. It is also discovered that for Eu3+ doped ZnO/Zn2SiO4 composites, the Zn2SiO4 crystal (5.11–4.71 eV) has a higher band gap compared to the ZnO crystal (3.271–4.07 eV). While, for the photoluminescence study, excited at 400 nm, the emission spectra of Eu3+ doped ZnO/Zn2SiO4 revealed higher emission intensity compared to pure ZnO/Zn2SiO4 with higher calcination temperature exhibit higher emission intensity at 615 nm with 700 °C being the optimum temperature. The emission spectra also show that the calcination temperature contributed to enhancing the emission intensity