Relationship between recurrent dreams and ego identity

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between recurrent dreams and ego identity. It is said that recurrent dreams can tell dreamers about their problems. In adolescence, people may face problems such as Erikson's developmental task for achieving ego identity. If having a recurrent dream implies working toward achieving a developmental task, it would imply that young people who have recurrent dreams NOW are working toward achieving a PREVIOUS developmental task. Two hundred and twenty university students answered a questionnaire about their recurrent dreams as an index of ego identity and gave free descriptions of their recurrent (or impressive) dreams. These students were divided into four categories based on their responses. The results of this study were as follows: (1) The group of recurrent dreamers achieved developmental tasks better than other types of dreamers, and (2) recurrent dream has possibilities about the function to support achieving developmental Task using inner contents

The factorial structure of the dissociative experiences Scale : On sub-functions of dissociation. <Article>

This article focuses on the factorial structure of the dissociative experience scale to elucidate the sub-functions of dissociation. An initial investigation was undertaken with 269 undergraduate students (130 male, 139 female) to illustrate the factorial structure of the dissociative experience scale. Our exploratory factor analysis data indicate that the dissociative experience scale has a two-factorial structure. A subsequent investigation with 232 undergraduate students (48 male, 184 female) confirmed this structure. The analysis data from the second investigation indicate that the factorial structure provides cross-validation. The two investigations suggest that dissociation has two sub-functions, "detachment" and "compartmentalization." Furthermore, these two sub-functions may have different functions and/or purposes. Accordingly, more research is necessary to clarify which sub-functions are efficacious in what kind of experiences

An Exploratory Examination of Characteristic Patterns of Ego Function and Dream Experiences. <Article>

The objective of this research was to sort the dreams of examinees who varied along characteristic patterns of ego function and to identify characteristic experiences in the dreams. During this study, we surveyed 128 recurrent dreams, 164 unpleasant dreams and 199 impressive dreams. Five patterns of ego function and dream experience emerged. Dreamers with weak ego function and thin ego boundaries underwent more negative dream experiences. In contrast, those with strong ego function reported very positive dreams

How a disabled person's family recovered resilience through intervention by a daughter-in-law who became a companion for the disabled person <Article>

The purpose of this research was to study the family resilience recovery processes by which a woman who became the sister of a disabled person through marriage was able to improve the family's situation. The subject of the research was a 44 year-old female. She married her husband 25 years ago. Her husband's younger sister was disabled. In this research a single case study was done, through a semi-structured interview. The subject said that she had intervened on a problem of cruelty that the disabled person's family face. The family had been insular, but the subject led it to become one open to society. Furthermore, the disabled person was able to maintain a place in society, which also contributed to the recovery of her physical and emotional functions. In this way, the subject took on the role of recovering the family's resilience. However, this worsened the relation between her mother-in-law and the disabled person. This suggests that the subject's bearing everything on her shoulders was a major burden for her. In the future it is necessary to investigate the subject's life history and the husband's family and increase the number of case studies

Molecular Mechanisms of the Whole DNA Repair System: A Comparison of Bacterial and Eukaryotic Systems

DNA is subjected to many endogenous and exogenous damages. All organisms have developed a complex network of DNA repair mechanisms. A variety of different DNA repair pathways have been reported: direct reversal, base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, mismatch repair, and recombination repair pathways. Recent studies of the fundamental mechanisms for DNA repair processes have revealed a complexity beyond that initially expected, with inter- and intrapathway complementation as well as functional interactions between proteins involved in repair pathways. In this paper we give a broad overview of the whole DNA repair system and focus on the molecular basis of the repair machineries, particularly in Thermus thermophilus HB8

Sublingual Gland Carcinoma Revealed by Choroidal Metastasis

A 65-year-old man presented with a 1-week history of left eye distortion. An elevated choroidal lesion covering 6 disc diameters was found in the posterior retina of the left eye. Systemic examination revealed sublingual gland carcinoma and multiple lung metastases, and the diagnosis was choroidal metastasis from sublingual gland carcinoma. Following chemotherapy and radiation therapy, the choroidal lesion shrunk and the patient’s visual acuity improved. The patient died 23 months after his first visit. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of choroidal metastasis from sublingual gland carcinoma

Pengaruh Kandungan Lemak Dan Energi Yang Berbeda Dalam Pakan Terhadap Pemanfaatan Pakan Dan Pertumbuhan Patin (Pangasius Pangasius)

Pakan merupakan faktor terpenting dalam menunjang pertumbuhan dan perkembangan dalam kegiatan budidaya ikan, didalam pakan harus mengandung nutrisi yang lengkap. Penggunaan lemak dalam pakan sangat penting dalam menunjang pertumbuhan, karena lemak merupakan sumber energi yang memiliki nilai cukup tinggi dibanding protein dan karbohidrat. Pengunaan lemak sebagai “Protein sparing effect” yaitu pengganti protein sebagai sumber energi, sehingga penggunaan energi yang berasal dari protein dapat digunakan untuk menunjang pertumbuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kandungan lemak dan energi yang berbeda dalam pakan terhadap pemanfaatan pakan dan pertumbuhan patin (P. pangasius).Metode penelitian yang dilakukan adalah metode eksperimen dengan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Perlakuan yang diterapkan adalah perbedaan kandungan lemak dan energi antara lain pada perlakuan A (8%, 281,98 kkal); B (9%, 286,74 kkal); C (10%, 289,45 kkal); dan D (11%, 296,21 kkal). Ikan uji yang digunakan adalah patin (Pangasius pangasius) yang berasal dari Banjarnegara, Jawa Tengah. Ikan uji yang digunakan dengan bobot rata-rata 6,48±0,68 g/ekor, dengan padat tebar 1 ekor/liter. Pakan diberikan 3 kali dalam sehari yaitu pada sekitar pukul 08.00 WIB, pukul 12.00 WIB, dan pukul 16.00 WIB. Pemberian pakan diberikan secara at satiation.Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kandungan lemak dan energi yang berbeda dalam pakan buatan, memberikan pengaruh nyata (P&lt;0,05) terhadap EPP, PER, dan RGR pada patin (P. pangasius), sedangkan pada variabel TKP dan SR tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata (P&gt;0,05). Perlakuan D diperoleh hasil tertinggi dengan nilai TKP (25,27±0,06g), EPP (54,62±0,93%), PER (1,82±0,03%), RGR (0,75±0,02%/hari), dan SR (95,83%).Kandungan lemak dan energi yang berbeda dalam pakan, memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap EPP, PER, dan RGR; tetapi tidak memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap TKP dan SR patin (P. pangasius). Feed played an important role in fish farming and therefor, it should contain complete nutrition. The use of fat in fish diet was required for energy supply and producing of growth. The fat was used to subtitute energy source from protein, so the use of protein for fish growth can be optimaled. This study was aimed to observe the influence of different fat and energy on the feed utilization and growth of P. pangasius.The experimental method used was completely randomized design, which consisted of 4 treatments and 3 replicats, that were trial diets with ratio of treatment A (8%, 281.98 kkal); B (9%, 286.74 kkal); C (10%, 289.45 kkal); dan D (11%, 296.21 kkal) respectively. The ratio of vegetable oil : animal oil was equal. The fish used was P. pangasius, which was quired from Banjarnegara, Central Java. It\u27s average body weight of 6.48±0.68 g. The fish was maintenance in 8 l-tanks for 35 days. with a stocking density of 1 fish/l. The fish were feed 3 times a day, at 08.00, 12.00, and 16.00 by appliying at satiation method.The fish fed on resulted on dietary of different fat and energy on the feed on values significantly different (P&lt;0.05) on the EPP, PER and RGR. But for feed in TKP and SR values (P&gt;0.05). TKP value (25.27±0.06g) EPP (54.62±0.93%) , PER (1.82±0.03%) , RGR (0.75±0.02%/day), and SR (95.83%).It was concluded that the influence of different fat and energy on the feed utilization and growth of pangasius in feed significantly effect on, EPP, PER, and RGR while for TKP and SR where not significantly different

Sociodemographic patterning of long-term diabetes mellitus control following Japan's 3.11 triple disaster:A retrospective cohort study

OBJECTIVE: To assess the sociodemographic patterning of changes in glycaemic control of patients with diabetes affected by the 2011 triple disaster in Japan (earthquake, tsunami and nuclear accident). METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was undertaken with 404 patients with diabetes at a public hospital in Minamisoma City, Fukushima Prefecture. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels were measured in 2010, 2011 and 2012 to capture changes in glycaemic control postdisaster. Age, sex, urban/rural residency, evacuation status and medication use were also assessed. RESULTS: There was an overall deterioration in glycaemic control after the disaster, with the mean HbA1c rising from 6.77% in 2010 to 6.90% in 2012 (National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program, NGSP). Rural residency was associated with a lower likelihood of deteriorating control (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.13 to 0.84), compared with urban residency. Older age (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.91 to 0.98) was also slightly protective against increased HbA1c. Evacuation and sex were not significant predictors. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with diabetes who were affected by Japan's triple disaster experienced a deterioration in their glycaemic control following the disasters. The extent of this deterioration was mediated by sociodemographic factors, with rural residence and older age protective against the effects of the disaster on glycaemic control. These results may be indicative of underlying social determinants of health in rural Japan

Amino acid polymorphisms in human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen class II and proinsulin epitope have impacts on type 1 diabetes mellitus induced by immune-checkpoint inhibitors

IntroductionImmune-checkpoint inhibitors are effective in various advanced cancers. Type 1 diabetes mellitus induced by them (ICI-T1DM) is a serious complication requiring prompt insulin treatment, but the immunological mechanism behind it is unclear.MethodsWe examined amino acid polymorphisms in human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules and investigated proinsulin epitope binding affinities to HLA molecules.Results and DiscussionTwelve patients with ICI-T1DM and 35 patients in a control group without ICI-T1DM were enrolled in the study. Allele and haplotype frequencies of HLA-DRB1*04:05, DQB1*04:01, and most importantly DPB1*05:01 were significantly increased in patients with ICI-T1DM. In addition, novel amino acid polymorphisms in HLA-DR (4 polymorphisms), in DQ (12 polymorphisms), and in DP molecules (9 polymorphisms) were identified. These amino acid polymorphisms might be associated with the development of ICI-T1DM. Moreover, novel human proinsulin epitope clusters in insulin A and B chains were discovered in silico and in vitro peptide binding assays to HLA-DP5. In conclusion, significant amino acid polymorphisms in HLA-class II molecules, and conformational alterations in the peptide-binding groove of the HLA-DP molecules were considered likely to influence the immunogenicity of proinsulin epitopes in ICI-T1DM. These amino acid polymorphisms and HLA-DP5 may be predictive genetic factors for ICI-T1DM

SOCS1 is essential for regulatory T cell functions by preventing loss of Foxp3 expression as well as IFN-γ and IL-17A production

SOCS1 is required to restrict IFN-γ and IL-17 expression and maintain Foxp3 expression in and function of regulatory T cells