2,854 research outputs found
Rigorous confidence intervals for critical probabilities
We use the method of Balister, Bollobas and Walters to give rigorous 99.9999%
confidence intervals for the critical probabilities for site and bond
percolation on the 11 Archimedean lattices. In our computer calculations, the
emphasis is on simplicity and ease of verification, rather than obtaining the
best possible results. Nevertheless, we obtain intervals of width at most
0.0005 in all cases
Critical curves in conformally invariant statistical systems
We consider critical curves -- conformally invariant curves that appear at
critical points of two-dimensional statistical mechanical systems. We show how
to describe these curves in terms of the Coulomb gas formalism of conformal
field theory (CFT). We also provide links between this description and the
stochastic (Schramm-) Loewner evolution (SLE). The connection appears in the
long-time limit of stochastic evolution of various SLE observables related to
CFT primary fields. We show how the multifractal spectrum of harmonic measure
and other fractal characteristics of critical curves can be obtained.Comment: Published versio
Intensification of hydrological drought in California by human water management
We analyze the contribution of human water management to the intensification and mitigation of hydrological drought over California using the PCR-GLOBWB hydrological model for the period 1979-2014. We demonstrate that considering water management results in more accurate discharge representation. During the severe 2014 drought, water management alleviated the drought deficit by ∼50% in Southern California through reservoir operation during low flow periods. However, human water consumption (mostly irrigation) in the Central Valley increased drought duration and deficit by 50% and 50-100%, respectively. Return level analysis indicates that there is more than 50% chance that the probability of occurrence of an extreme 2014-magnitude drought event was at least doubled under the influence of human activities compared to natural variability. This impact is most significant over the San Joaquin Drainage basin with a 50% and 75% likelihood that the return period is more than 3.5 and 1.5 times larger, respectively, because of human activities
Calculus on manifolds of conformal maps and CFT
In conformal field theory (CFT) on simply connected domains of the Riemann
sphere, the natural conformal symmetries under self-maps are extended, in a
certain way, to local symmetries under general conformal maps, and this is at
the basis of the powerful techniques of CFT. Conformal maps of simply connected
domains naturally have the structure of an infinite-dimensional groupoid, which
generalizes the finite-dimensional group of self-maps. We put a topological
structure on the space of conformal maps on simply connected domains, which
makes it into a topological groupoid. Further, we (almost) extend this to a
local manifold structure based on the infinite-dimensional Frechet topological
vector space of holomorphic functions on a given domain A. From this, we
develop the notion of conformal A-differentiability at the identity. Our main
conclusion is that quadratic differentials characterizing cotangent elements on
the local manifold enjoy properties similar to those of the holomorphic
stress-energy tensor of CFT; these properties underpin the local symmetries of
CFT. Applying the general formalism to CFT correlation functions, we show that
the stress-energy tensor is exactly such a quadratic differential. This is at
the basis of constructing the stress-energy tensor in conformal loop ensembles.
It also clarifies the relation between Cardy's boundary conditions for CFT on
simply connected domains, and the expression of the stress-energy tensor in
terms of metric variations.Comment: v1: 51 pages, 5 figures. v2: 56 pages, corrections and
clarifications. v3: 53 pages, one substantial addition (groupoid structure),
discussion further clarified and simplified. v4: 59 pages, introduction
improved, with a discussion on the relations with previous works. Published
versio
Thomson scattering from high-temperature high-density plasmas revisited
The theory of Thomson scattering from high-temperature high-density plasmas
is revisited from the view point of plasma fluctuation theory. Three subtle
effects are addressed with a unified theory. The first is the correction of the
first order of , where is the particle velocity and is the light
speed, the second is the plasma dielectric effect, and the third is the finite
scattering volume effect. When the plasma density is high, the first effect is
very significant in inferring plasma parameters from the scattering spectra off
electron plasma waves. The second is also be notable but less significant. When
the size of the scattering volume is much larger than the probe wavelength, the
third is negligible.Comment: 16 pages, 2 figures, submitted to Plasma Physics and Controlled
Fusio
A genome-wide scan for common alleles affecting risk for autism
Although autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) have a substantial genetic basis, most of the known genetic risk has been traced to rare variants, principally copy number variants (CNVs). To identify common risk variation, the Autism Genome Project (AGP) Consortium genotyped 1558 rigorously defined ASD families for 1 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and analyzed these SNP genotypes for association with ASD. In one of four primary association analyses, the association signal for marker rs4141463, located within MACROD2, crossed the genome-wide association significance threshold of P < 5 × 10−8. When a smaller replication sample was analyzed, the risk allele at rs4141463 was again over-transmitted; yet, consistent with the winner's curse, its effect size in the replication sample was much smaller; and, for the combined samples, the association signal barely fell below the P < 5 × 10−8 threshold. Exploratory analyses of phenotypic subtypes yielded no significant associations after correction for multiple testing. They did, however, yield strong signals within several genes, KIAA0564, PLD5, POU6F2, ST8SIA2 and TAF1C
Таксононімія логічних девіацій у нормативно-правових актах
Розглянуто особливості логічних девіацій у текстах нормативно-правових актів, які є складовою частиною офіційно-ділового стилю української літературної мови. Запропоновано власний підхід до класифікації виявлених у текстах чинних кодексів логічно аномальних уживань.The features of the logical deviations in the texts of laws which belong to the official style of Ukrainian literary language is under consideration. The taxonomy for the notion above in Ukrainian laws is proposed
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