Idelalisib treatment prior to allogeneic stem cell transplantation for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a report from the EBMT chronic malignancies working party

No studies have been reported so far on bridging treatment with idelalisib for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) prior to allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT). To study potential carry-over effects of idelalisib and to assess the impact of pathway-inhibitor (PI) failure we performed a retrospective EBMT registry-based study. Patients with CLL who had a history of idelalisib treatment and received a first alloHCT between 2015 and 2017 were eligible. Data on 72 patients (median age 58 years) were analyzed. Forty percent of patients hadTP53(mut/del)CLL and 64% had failed on at least one PI. No primary graft failure occurred. Cumulative incidences of acute GVHD degrees II-IV and chronic GVHD were 51% and 39%, respectively. Estimates for 2-year overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and cumulative incidences of relapse/progression (CIR) and non-relapse mortality NRM were 59%, 44%, 25%, and 31%. In univariate analysis, drug sensitivity was a strong risk factor. For patients who had failed neither PI treatment nor chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) the corresponding 2-year estimates were 73%, 65%, 15%, and 20%, respectively. In conclusion, idelalisib may be considered as an option for bridging therapy prior to alloHCT. Owing to the high risk for acute GVHD intensified clinical monitoring is warranted.Development and application of statistical models for medical scientific researc

Alpha Tocopherol-a new report from Memecylon Species

The genus Memecylon L. (Melastomataceae), an important source of traditional medicine is mainly distributed in the Western Ghats region of Karnataka. In Indian ethnomedical practices, this plant is reported to be effective for skin and viral diseases including herpes and chickenpox. The objective of the present study was to screen Memecylon species namely M. umbellatum, M. edule, M. talbotianum, M. malabaricum and M. wightii for the bioactive compounds with special reference to skin diseases. Leaf samples were dried and extracted using methanol. TLC analysis of methanol extracts of five Memecylon species showed single band with RF value 0.61 detected at 260 nm. This band was eluted and subjected to high performance liquid chromatography. Profiles of Memecylon species confirmed the presence of α-tocopherol on comparison with the standard. Among five Memecylon species, M. malabaricum (0.724%) and M. talbotianum (0.362%) showed highest α-tocopherol concentration. For the first time α-tocopherol was reported from Memecylon species. Further, the structure of α-tocopherol was confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis. Presence of α-tocopherol (vitamin E) in Memecylon species validates the traditional use of Memecylon species in the treatment of skin diseases

Alpha Tocopherol-a new report from Memecylon Species

The genus Memecylon L. (Melastomataceae), an important source of traditional medicine is mainly distributed in the Western Ghats region of Karnataka. In Indian ethnomedical practices, this plant is reported to be effective for skin and viral diseases including herpes and chickenpox. The objective of the present study was to screen Memecylon species namely M. umbellatum, M. edule, M. talbotianum, M. malabaricum and M. wightii for the bioactive compounds with special reference to skin diseases. Leaf samples were dried and extracted using methanol. TLC analysis of methanol extracts of five Memecylon species showed single band with RF value 0.61 detected at 260 nm. This band was eluted and subjected to high performance liquid chromatography. Profiles of Memecylon species confirmed the presence of α-tocopherol on comparison with the standard. Among five Memecylon species, M. malabaricum (0.724%) and M. talbotianum (0.362%) showed highest α-tocopherol concentration. For the first time α-tocopherol was reported from Memecylon species. Further, the structure of α-tocopherol was confirmed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis. Presence of α-tocopherol (vitamin E) in Memecylon species validates the traditional use of Memecylon species in the treatment of skin diseases

Total crude protein extract of Trichoderma spp. induces systemic resistance in pearl millet against the downy mildew pathogen

Several proteins and peptides of microbial origin are reported for their elicitor properties, which play a vital role in the development of local and systemic resistances in plants. In this study, the efficacy of total crude proteins (TCP) extracted from six different Trichoderma spp. (T. asperellum, T. harzianum, T. atroviride, T. virens, T. longibrachiatum, and T. brevicompactum) was evaluated for their ability to elicit defense responses in pearl millet against downy mildew disease. Priming of pearl millet seeds (with or without mannitol) with different concentrations of TCP from Trichoderma spp. does not affect the seed germination and seedling vigor significantly. Under greenhouse conditions, a varied level of disease protection was recorded with TCP of different Trichoderma spp., and furthermore, its efficacy was found increased when treated with mannitol. Total crude protein extracts of T. atroviride (75 µg/ml) with mannitol recorded significantly higher disease protection of 53.6% in comparison with respective controls. Furthermore, this observation was supported by elevated levels of peroxidase (7.7 U @ 36 h after inoculation) and lipoxygenase (29.5 U @ 48 h after inoculation) and hypersensitive necrotic spots (56% @ 24 h after inoculation). The present study illustrated the capability of TCP extracted from different Trichoderma spp. to elicit the disease resistance mechanism in pearl millet seedlings against Sclerospora graminicola

"IMPACT OF CREDIT ON CROPPING PATTERN AND CROPPING INTENSITY ON FARMS IN UNIRRIGATED AND IRRIGATED VILLAGES IN BIJAPUR DISTRICT OF KARNATAKA-AN APPLICATION OF LINEAR PROGRAMMING TECHNIQUE'

Cropping pattern and cropping intensity, inter cilia,- are theiniportant . factors that influence the farm profits. -Studies in the past attempted to evaluate the impact of new farm technology on these two variables. Hovever,, ,. • the adoption Df new technology is, itself affected by the availability, of cre:14t. • Hence, an assessment of impact of credit on cropping pattern and cropping intensity assumes great significance:. •7' • The present study probes into the ;impact iof credit on the :farms. in , unrirrigated and irrigated villaies: For this. Ourpose, a sample of 120 farmers representiit-small and large Categories Were s'ele.c.ted:_The'data pertained to • 1987A8. Linear programming technique Was ifSed for. arialyis Of the data.- The-findings revealed that the optimization of resource use with existing • •. and improved technologies led to, cultivation, of a few but more. profitable, , . • .• • . crops in the new cropping patterns The cropping intensity in ditierent,plan - showed an increasing trend frOrn- the existing 'cropping Pattern through the o.ptiinum 'plan with existing technology to the optiniurri plan with improved technology. These changes were poSsible because of supply of liberal credit through relaxation of capital .constraint. This calls ,for improvements in farmer's accessibility to the liberal credit and input supplies

Extracellular polysaccharide from Ralstonia solanacearum; a strong inducer of eggplant defense against bacterial wilt

Ralstonia solanacearum a phytopathogenic bacterium produces virulence factor via production of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS). We have isolated EPS from R. solanacearum and characterized this by AFM, SEM, FTIR, LC-MS and NMR spectroscopy. Interestingly, the result showed pore size distribution, topology, rheological and pseudoplastic behaviour of EPS and three major monosaccharides, glucuronic acid, N-acetylglucosamine and glucose associated with EPS. Eggplant treated with intact crude EPS showed a significant 51 decrease in bacterial wilt incidence for both in vitro and greenhouse conditions. In eggplant cultivars EPS induces significant up-regulation of guaiacol peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase defense genes, providing screen resistance against bacterial wilt

Supramolecular characterisation of salts of 4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-ium and 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium cations with simple-organic anions; a closer look at the binding energies of cation-anion pairs formed by charge-assisted (+)N−H···O(-) and (+)N−H···O hydrogen bonds

Six new salts prepared by acid-base reactions containing 4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-ium cation (2-MeOPP) with simple organic-acid anions, namely pentafluorobenzoate, (I); (2R,3R)-tartrate dihydrate, (II); succinate trihydrate, (III); or 4-phenylpiperazin-1-ium cation (PP) with 4-chlorobenzoate monohydrate, (IV); 3-chlorobenzoate monohydrate, (V) and succinate (VI) have been structurally characterised using single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystal-packing architectures have been described in the context of the supramolecular assemblies they form. The most important structural motifs are generated through hydrogen bonds between 2-MeOPP or PP cations and associated anions, assisted by their charges. To quantify these charge-assisted hydrogen bonds: (+)N−H····O(-) and (+)N−H····O, the binding energies of the ionic pairs have been calculated and compared. We considered a set of 72 ionic pairs of the structures analysed in this article and those published previously by our groups. As a result, we have plotted lines of trends found for DFT-binding energies vs normalised H···O proton···acceptor distances, and correlation between normalised geometrical parameters for aromatic and aliphatic anions. A comparison between DFT-energies and model pairwise energies (CE-B3LYP) has also been made