Shanghai plan for early screening, diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer (2023 edition)

Colorectal cancer is a common malignant tumor in China. At present, the incidence rate and the mortality rate of colorectal cancer in China are on the rise. Among all malignant tumors in China, the incidence rate of colorectal cancer ranks second, and the mortality rate ranks fourth. It has become a public health problem that seriously threatens our health. A large number of studies and practice have shown that colorectal cancer screening, early diagnosis and treatment are effective measures to reduce the mortality rate of colorectal cancer in the population. Since 2013, Shanghai has continued to carry out community colorectal cancer screening, which greatly extends the survival period of colorectal cancer patients by early detection of precancerous lesions, reducing the risk of disease, early diagnosis of colorectal cancer and timely treatment. At the same time, the standardized diagnosis and treatment level of major hospitals in Shanghai is relatively high, and the 5-year survival rate of colorectal cancer patients is also relatively high, even exceeding that of the developed countries in Europe and America. However, due to regional differences and uneven economic development, most regions in China have not yet carried out colorectal cancer-related prevention and treatment projects. At the same time, due to the lack of clinical service capacity of primary hospitals, the low early diagnosis and early treatment rates have become a bottleneck restricting the further improvement of the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients in China. In response to the current situation of insufficient clinical service capabilities in primary hospitals in terms of colorectal cancer-related knowledge, risk prevention knowledge, common screening methods, standardized diagnosis, treatment knowledge, etc., the Colorectal Cancer Special Committee of Shanghai Anti-Cancer Association organized colorectal cancer diagnosis and treatment experts from major hospitals in Shanghai to jointly compile the “Shanghai plan for early screening, diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer (2023 edition)”. The plan introduced the epidemiology of colorectal cancer, risk factors and protective factors of colorectal cancer, precancerous lesions of colorectal cancer and early colorectal cancer, screening of colorectal cancer, diagnosis of early colorectal cancer and treatment of early colorectal cancer, and provided relevant suggestions for clinical reference. The protocol aimed to standardize the screening, early diagnosis and early treatment practice of colorectal cancer, and improve the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer in China. Early screening, diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer are keys to improving patient survival rates and prognosis. Currently, although there are various screening methods for colorectal cancer, there are still problems of insufficient sensitivity and specificity. At the same time, in many hospitals across the country, there are also problems of standardization in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer. Therefore, in the future, in addition to developing more efficient screening methods, improving the accuracy of early diagnosis and exploring safer and more effective treatment methods, the prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer also requires providing assistance to primary hospitals in diagnosis and treatment, emphasizing the standardization of colorectal cancer diagnosis and treatment, improving the diagnosis and treatment level of primary doctors, enhancing the diagnosis and treatment abilityies of primary hospitals and finally strengthening public health education to improve public awareness of colorectal cancer and prevention

Popular music and school music education: Chinese students' preferences and dilemmas in Shanghai, China

This empirical study investigates Chinese students’ popular music preferences in daily life and to what extent and in what ways they prefer learning popular music in school in Shanghai, China. Data were drawn from questionnaires completed by 1,730 secondary students (aged 12–17) and interviews with 60 students from 10 secondary schools, between September and October, 2011. Findings from these efforts were supplemented by and triangulated with data from interviews with 18 music teachers and school leaders. Findings revealed the cultural diversification and rational consumption of popular music by Chinese students in and out of school, as well as the cultural dilemmas those students confront due to their preferences for popular (Chinese and non-Chinese) and classical music in the school music curriculum. These findings can be interpreted as indicating that music and music education in formal or informal settings are complex cultural constructs that can be reinvented through the intertwined interplay of different actors concerned with the selection of music elements in a multileveled, multicultural world.postprin

Shanghai expert consensus on whole-process management of antineoplastic-induced nausea and vomiting (2024 edition)

Nausea and vomiting are common adverse reactions in tumor patients during anti-tumor therapy such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy and immunotherapy. Although chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is the most common and the most intensively studied adverse event, radiation-induced nausea and vomiting (RINV), targeted therapy and immunotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (TIINV) have also attracted more and more attention. Based on “Shanghai expert consensus on whole-process management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (2018 edition)”, as well as new medical evidence of antineoplastic-induced nausea and vomiting (AINV) and experience of Shanghai experts in this field, the expert group finally developed “Shanghai expert consensus on whole-process management of antineoplastic-induced nausea and vomiting (2024 edition)”. This consensus will guide doctors in Shanghai to standardize the whole-process management of AINV, and to ensure the treatment intensity and medical safety of patients

Chinese expert consensus on clinical application of recombinant oncolytic adenovirus in the treatment of malignant tumors

Treatment using oncolytic virus as a new tumor immunologic agent has made continuous breakthroughs in basic and clinical research of tumor in recent years, and it is expected to play an important role in cancer immunotherapy in the future. At present, there are 4 oncolytic viruses approved for marketing in the world, among which recombinant human type-5 adenovirus (H101) is the only oncolytic virus approved in China. To further standardize the clinical research practice of oncolytic virus in tumor and improve the clinical application of cancer immunotherapy, this consensus is established based on the “Shanghai expert consensus on clinical application of oncolytic virus in the treatment of malignant tumors (2021 edition)” and guided by evidence-based methodology, focusing on the application scope of oncolytic virus approved for marketing at home and abroad, and the clinical studies of oncolytic virus with high level of evidence but not approved at present, looking forward to the future research and development trend of oncolytic virus, clarifying the specific use method of oncolytic virus (mainly recombinant oncolytic adenovirus), and exploring the new modes of follow-up, efficacy evaluation and other aspects. On the basis of literature retrieval, quality evaluation and evidence summary were carried out, and specific issues and hot topics such as the application scope, combination with antiviral drugs, gene detection and other common concerns in the clinical application of recombinant oncolytic adenovirus in cancer were discussed and investigated through multidisciplinary expert meetings, Delphi methods and other forms. The “Chinese expert consensus on clinical application of recombinant oncolytic adenovirus in treatment for malignant tumors (2022 edition)” was completed by the investigation and summarization of the opinions of 86 experts from more than 12 different cities and 58 hospitals for 4 times, relying on the Expert Committee on Immunotherapy of China Society of Clinical Oncology and the Professional Committee on Tumor Biotherapy of Shanghai Anti-cancer Association, with a view to providing evidence reference and normative basis for future clinical and basic research exploration of oncolytic viruses, clinical practice of frontline medical personnel in cancer treatment, medical administration management at all levels for tumor immunotherapy, and laying a foundation for subsequent development of relevant industry guidelines

‘Just Sustainability’ or Just Sustainability? Shanghai’s Failed Drive for Global Excellence

A persistent challenge to deliver a socially just and ecologically sustainable development for emerging cities in non-Western countries is that legitimacy and effectiveness often hinge on the normalizing effect of international ‘models’ and ‘standards’ defined by the developed countries. In cases such as Shanghai’s latest urban sustainability programme, a fixation on excelling at ‘global indicators’ has led its promises of inclusive social progress astray. We argue this is not simply because Shanghai authorities didn’t ‘get’ just sustainability, but highlights a more rooted subaltern anxiety that constrains their perceptions on how their programmes should be identified and delivered. Drawing on Bourdieu’s theorisation of how social agency’s ‘logic of practice’ is connected to their positions in the ‘field’, we investigate a shared epistemic deference among Shanghai experts and publics towards knowledge generated from international experiences. This has reproduced a marginalization of the subaltern public in the field of developing sustainable cities

A randomised trial of a 5 week, manual based, self-management programme for hypertension delivered in a cardiac patient club in Shanghai

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In Shanghai there are 1.2 million people with hypertension, many of whom have difficulty in affording medical treatment. Community based, anti-hypertensive clubs have been created to provide health education but education alone is often ineffective. Lifestyle change programmes have shown some potential for reducing blood pressure but in previous trials have required specialist staff and extensive contact. We have previously demonstrated that self-management programmes delivered by health professionals, such as a nurse who has had short training in self-management techniques can change health behaviour and reduce symptoms. This study was designed to evaluate the benefits of a simple, cognitive-behavioural, self-management programme for hypertension based around a hypertension manual and delivered in the setting of a community anti-hypertensive club in Shanghai.</p> <p>Method</p> <p>The method was a pragmatic randomised controlled trial with an intention-to-treat analysis. Adult patients with mild-to-moderate primary hypertension, waiting to join a neighbourhood anti-hypertension club, were randomised to the self-management programme or to an information only control procedure. They attended the group treatment sessions on 4 occasions over 5 weeks for education combined with goal setting for lifestyle change and an introduction to exercise. The main outcome measures were: changes in blood pressure; blood total cholesterol; diet; activity level and health related quality of life 1 month and 4 months after the end of treatment.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 140 adults with mild-to-moderate primary hypertension took part. All of the main outcomes showed beneficial changes. Four months after the end of treatment the mean blood pressure differences between groups were systolic 10.15 mm Hg (P < 0.001, 95% CI 7.25–13.05), and diastolic 8.29 mmHg (P < 0.001, 95% CI 6.71–9.88). Patients in the intervention group also had significantly reduced weight, lowered blood total cholesterol, increased physical activity and improved quality of life.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Patients with mild-to-moderate primary hypertension attending a 5 week, group and manual based, cognitive-behavioural self-management programme, delivered through a voluntary club in Shanghai experienced a significant reduction in blood pressure.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN73114566</p

Community-based study on CKD subjects and the associated risk factors

Background. The study was performed to investigate the prevalence, awareness and the risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the community population in Shanghai, China