2,168 research outputs found
Ethical issues in the use of in-depth interviews: literature review and discussion
This paper reports a literature review on the topic of ethical issues in in-depth interviews. The review returned three
types of article: general discussion, issues in particular studies, and studies of interview-based research ethics. Whilst
many of the issues discussed in these articles are generic to research ethics, such as confidentiality, they often had particular
manifestations in this type of research. For example, privacy was a significant problem as interviews sometimes
probe unexpected areas. For similar reasons, it is difficult to give full information of the nature of a particular interview
at the outset, hence informed consent is problematic. Where a pair is interviewed (such as carer and cared-for) there are
major difficulties in maintaining confidentiality and protecting privacy. The potential for interviews to harm participants
emotionally is noted in some papers, although this is often set against potential therapeutic benefit. As well as
these generic issues, there are some ethical issues fairly specific to in-depth interviews. The problem of dual role is noted
in many papers. It can take many forms: an interviewer might be nurse and researcher, scientist and counsellor, or
reporter and evangelist. There are other specific issues such as taking sides in an interview, and protecting vulnerable
groups. Little specific study of the ethics of in-depth interviews has taken place. However, that which has shows some
important findings. For example, one study shows participants are not averse to discussing painful issues provided they
feel the study is worthwhile. Some papers make recommendations for researchers. One such is that they should consider
using a model of continuous (or process) consent rather than viewing consent as occurring once, at signature, prior
to the interview. However, there is a need for further study of this area, both philosophical and empirical
Searching for R-Parity Violation at Run-II of the Tevatron
We present an outlook for possible discovery of supersymmetry with broken
R-parity at Run II of the Tevatron. We first present a review of the literature
and an update of the experimental bounds. In turn we then discuss the following
processes: 1. Resonant slepton production followed by R-parity violating decay,
(a) via and (b) via . 2. How to distinguish resonant slepton
production from or production. 3. Resonant slepton production
followed by the decay to neutralino LSP, which decays via . 4. Resonant
stop production followed by the decay to a chargino, which cascades to the
neutralino LSP. 5. Gluino pair production followed by the cascade decay to
charm squarks which decay directly via . 6. Squark pair production
followed by the cascade decay to the neutralino LSP which decays via
. 7. MSSM pair production followed by the cascade decay to the LSP
which decays (a) via , (b) via , and (c) via ,
respectively. 8. Top quark and top squark decays in spontaneous R-parity
violation.Comment: 39 pages, 51 figures, LaTex, reqires aipproc2.sty and axodraw.sty. To
be published in the Physics at Run II Workshop: Supersymmetry/Higgs. Text has
been edited by H. Dreiner. Author list on front page has been correcte
Factorization and soft-gluon divergences in isolated-photon cross sections
We study the production of isolated photons in annihilation and give
the proof of the all-order factorization of the collinear singularities. These
singularities are absorbed in the standard fragmentation functions of partons
into a photon, while the effects of the isolation are consistently included in
the short-distance cross section. We compute this cross section at order \as
and show that it contains large double logarithms of the isolation parameters.
We explain the physical origin of these logarithms and discuss the possibility
to resum them to all orders in \as.Comment: 18 pages, LaTex, 2 eps figures, few modifications in the text,
results unchange
Report of the QCD Working Group
The activities of the QCD working group concentrated on improving the
understanding and Monte Carlo simulation of multi-jet final states due to hard
QCD processes at LEP, i.e. quark-antiquark plus multi-gluon and/or secondary
quark production, with particular emphasis on four-jet final states and b-quark
mass effects. Specific topics covered are: relevant developments in the main
event generators PYTHIA, HERWIG and ARIADNE; the new multi-jet generator
APACIC++; description and tuning of inclusive (all-flavour) jet rates; quark
mass effects in the three- and four-jet rates; mass, higher-order and
hadronization effects in four-jet angular and shape distributions; b-quark
fragmentation and gluon splitting into b-quarks.Comment: 95 pages, 48 figures, contribution to Proceedings of the LEP2 Monte
Carlo Workshop. References for NLO 4-jet matrix elements adde
A Multi-telescope Campaign on FRB 121102: Implications for the FRB Population
We present results of the coordinated observing campaign that made the first
subarcsecond localization of a Fast Radio Burst, FRB 121102. During this
campaign, we made the first simultaneous detection of an FRB burst by multiple
telescopes: the VLA at 3 GHz and the Arecibo Observatory at 1.4 GHz. Of the
nine bursts detected by the Very Large Array at 3 GHz, four had simultaneous
observing coverage at other observatories. We use multi-observatory constraints
and modeling of bursts seen only at 3 GHz to confirm earlier results showing
that burst spectra are not well modeled by a power law. We find that burst
spectra are characterized by a ~500 MHz envelope and apparent radio energy as
high as erg. We measure significant changes in the apparent
dispersion between bursts that can be attributed to frequency-dependent
profiles or some other intrinsic burst structure that adds a systematic error
to the estimate of DM by up to 1%. We use FRB 121102 as a prototype of the FRB
class to estimate a volumetric birth rate of FRB sources Mpc yr, where is the number of bursts per
source over its lifetime. This rate is broadly consistent with models of FRBs
from young pulsars or magnetars born in superluminous supernovae or long
gamma-ray bursts, if the typical FRB repeats on the order of thousands of times
during its lifetime.Comment: 17 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to AAS Journal
The Spectral Energy Distribution of Powerful Starburst Galaxies I: Modelling the Radio Continuum
We have acquired radio continuum data between 70\,MHz and 48\,GHz for a
sample of 19 southern starburst galaxies at moderate redshifts () with the aim of separating synchrotron and free-free emission
components. Using a Bayesian framework we find the radio continuum is rarely
characterised well by a single power law, instead often exhibiting low
frequency turnovers below 500\,MHz, steepening at mid-to-high frequencies, and
a flattening at high frequencies where free-free emission begins to dominate
over the synchrotron emission. These higher order curvature components may be
attributed to free-free absorption across multiple regions of star formation
with varying optical depths. The decomposed synchrotron and free-free emission
components in our sample of galaxies form strong correlations with the
total-infrared bolometric luminosities. Finally, we find that without
accounting for free-free absorption with turnovers between 90 to 500\,MHz the
radio-continuum at low frequency (\,MHz) could be overestimated by
upwards of a factor of twelve if a simple power law extrapolation is used from
higher frequencies. The mean synchrotron spectral index of our sample is
constrained to be , which is steeper then the canonical value of
for normal galaxies. We suggest this may be caused by an intrinsically
steeper cosmic ray distribution
Effects of Extra Dimensions on Unitarity and Higgs Boson Mass
We study the unitarity constraint on the two body Higgs boson elastic
scattering in the presence of extra dimensions. The contributions from exchange
of spin-2 and spin-0 Kaluza-Klein states can have large effect on the partial
wave amplitude. Unitarity condition restrict the maximal allowed value for the
ratio of the center of mass energy to the gravity scale to be less than
one. Although the constraint on the standard Higgs boson mass for of order
one is considerably relaxed, for small the constraint is similar to that in
the Standard Model. The resulting bound on the Higgs boson mass is not
dramatically altered if perturbative calculations are required to be valid up
to the maximal allowed value for .Comment: References added, RevTex, 9 pages with two figure
Summary of the SUSY Working Group of the 1999 Les Houches Workshop
The results obtained by the Working Group on Supersymmetry at the 1999 Les
Houches Workshop on Collider Physics are summarized. Separate chapters treat
"general" supersymmetry, R-parity violation, gauge mediated supersymmetry
breaking, and anomaly mediated supersymmetry breaking.Comment: LaTeX, 110 pages with numerous .ps and .eps files. proc.tex is main
tex fil
Why honey is effective as a medicine. 1. Its use in modern medicine
Honey has been used as a medicine for thousands of years and its curative properties are well documented. However, modern medicine turned its back on honey and it is only now, with the advent of multi-resistant bacteria, that the antibiotic properties of honey are being rediscovered
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