14 research outputs found
The Critical Turning Points Database : Concept, Methodology and Dataset of an International Transformative Social Innovation Comparison (TRANSIT Working Paper # 10, July 12th 2017)
[Abstract] This working paper presents the TRANSIT open-access online database on Critical Turning Points (CTP) in Transformative Social Innovation. It specifies the contents of the database, comprising qualitative accounts of more than 450 âcriticalâ episodes in the evolution of social innovation initiatives in 27 different countries. Providing the theoretical-methodological context to these data, the paper also describes the theoretical background of the CTP concept and the methodology though which the CTP accounts have been reconstructed through interviews with members of SI initiatives. The paper concludes with reflections on the open access CTP database as a knowledge infrastructure, discussing its significance in terms of mapping, dissemination and framing of social innovation.This project has received funding from the European Unionâs Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration under grant agreement no 61316
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Protective intraoperative ventilation with higher versus lower levels of positive end-expiratory pressure in obese patients (PROBESE): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Background: Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) increase the morbidity and mortality of surgery in obese patients. High levels of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) with lung recruitment maneuvers may improve intraoperative respiratory function, but they can also compromise hemodynamics, and the effects on PPCs are uncertain. We hypothesized that intraoperative mechanical ventilation using high PEEP with periodic recruitment maneuvers, as compared with low PEEP without recruitment maneuvers, prevents PPCs in obese patients. Methods/design The PRotective Ventilation with Higher versus Lower PEEP during General Anesthesia for Surgery in OBESE Patients (PROBESE) study is a multicenter, two-arm, international randomized controlled trial. In total, 2013 obese patients with body mass index â„35 kg/m2 scheduled for at least 2 h of surgery under general anesthesia and at intermediate to high risk for PPCs will be included. Patients are ventilated intraoperatively with a low tidal volume of 7 ml/kg (predicted body weight) and randomly assigned to PEEP of 12 cmH2O with lung recruitment maneuvers (high PEEP) or PEEP of 4 cmH2O without recruitment maneuvers (low PEEP). The occurrence of PPCs will be recorded as collapsed composite of single adverse pulmonary events and represents the primary endpoint. Discussion To our knowledge, the PROBESE trial is the first multicenter, international randomized controlled trial to compare the effects of two different levels of intraoperative PEEP during protective low tidal volume ventilation on PPCs in obese patients. The results of the PROBESE trial will support anesthesiologists in their decision to choose a certain PEEP level during general anesthesia for surgery in obese patients in an attempt to prevent PPCs. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02148692. Registered on 23 May 2014; last updated 7 June 2016. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-017-1929-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users
Militant Design Research: A Proposal to Politicize Design Knowledge-making
This work reflects on how design can engage in emancipatory processes of knowledge-making through Militant Design Research. The argument draws on the work of scholars who are engaged in counter-hegemonic design research and practice, and questions the knowledge production structures within academia. âMilitant researchâ is presented as a Latin American theoretical-political approach to knowledge production in social sciences, engaging processes of research, educational, and political actions, and uniting organic intellectuals, researchers, and social movements. Inspired by this perspective, principles for Militant Design Research are outlined to stimulate alliances between designers and social movements for the collective production of knowledge, to overcome situations of oppression in and out of academia
Militant Design Research: A Proposal to Politicize Design Knowledge-making
This work reflects on how design can engage in emancipatory processes of knowledge-making through Militant Design Research. The argument draws on the work of scholars who are engaged in counter-hegemonic design research and practice, and questions the knowledge production structures within academia. âMilitant researchâ is presented as a Latin American theoretical-political approach to knowledge production in social sciences, engaging processes of research, educational, and political actions, and uniting organic intellectuals, researchers, and social movements. Inspired by this perspective, principles for Militant Design Research are outlined to stimulate alliances between designers and social movements for the collective production of knowledge, to overcome situations of oppression in and out of academia
A glamourização dos comportamentos em obras de ficção e a sua influĂȘncia no desenvolvimento da percepção individual acerca da legitimidade da violĂȘncia
O objetivo da pesquisa Ă© a anĂĄlise sobre a possĂvel influĂȘncia das obras de ficção e
entretenimento (livros â romances â filmes â novelas â animes - videogames), que, ao
abordarem de forma caricatural situaçÔes de violĂȘncia ou abuso perpetrados por alguns
personagens, ensejam a percepção de que comportamentos delituosos e criminosos, podem
ser relativizados em função do papel ocupado pelo personagem na trama. Não raro, estas
obras oferecem narrativas que abrem espaço para distorçÔes das situaçÔes reais e a
romantização dos personagens considerados vilĂ”es, induzindo seu pĂșblico a um sentimento de
empatia, que eclipsa a natureza e gravidade dos crimes cometidos por estes personagens, e a
justificar os crimes que os mesmos cometem. Assim, reforçando de forma sutil a ideia de que
esses atos de violĂȘncia e de abuso (muitas vezes cometidas no mundo real), devem ser
interpretados como sendo gestos romùnticos, justificåveis, senão engraçados, e
consequentemente, completamente ânormaisâ e âaceitĂĄveisâ, cria-se a perspectiva filosĂłfica
de que o direito pode ser aplicado de forma assimétrica, criando a possibilidade de
relativização do princĂpio crucial da igualdade perante a lei
DESIGN FOR SOCIAL INNOVATION BETWEEN UNIVERSITY AND THE BROADER SOCIETY: A MUTUAL LEARNING PROCESS
How to encourage university-community engagement with local communities and disadvantaged groups? Â This is one of the main questions of the project LASIN â Latin American Social Innovation Network. Specifically, one of the main activities of LASIN is to design and run what are called SISU â Social Innovation Support Units, i.e., units dedicated to support the promotion of social innovation processes between university community members and external actors. Universities are privileged contexts for the experimentation of creative projects in social innovation if the focus is placed on fostering the interaction between internal and external actors, which can be significantly empowered by design practices. The specific objective of this paper is to describe a model for the SISU operation together with principles based on the design approach to social innovation. The recognition of the importance of the design in the promotion of social innovation has been particularly highlighted through the activities of DESIS (Design for Social Innovation Network)
DESIGN FOR SOCIAL INNOVATION BETWEEN UNIVERSITY AND THE BROADER SOCIETY: A MUTUAL LEARNING PROCESS
How to encourage university-community engagement with local communities and disadvantaged groups? Â This is one of the main questions of the project LASIN â Latin American Social Innovation Network. Specifically, one of the main activities of LASIN is to design and run what are called SISU â Social Innovation Support Units, i.e., units dedicated to support the promotion of social innovation processes between university community members and external actors. Universities are privileged contexts for the experimentation of creative projects in social innovation if the focus is placed on fostering the interaction between internal and external actors, which can be significantly empowered by design practices. The specific objective of this paper is to describe a model for the SISU operation together with principles based on the design approach to social innovation. The recognition of the importance of the design in the promotion of social innovation has been particularly highlighted through the activities of DESIS (Design for Social Innovation Network)
DESIGN FOR SOCIAL INNOVATION BETWEEN UNIVERSITY AND THE BROADER SOCIETY: A MUTUAL LEARNING PROCESS
How to encourage university-community engagement with local communities and disadvantaged groups? Â This is one of the main questions of the project LASIN â Latin American Social Innovation Network. Specifically, one of the main activities of LASIN is to design and run what are called SISU â Social Innovation Support Units, i.e., units dedicated to support the promotion of social innovation processes between university community members and external actors. Universities are privileged contexts for the experimentation of creative projects in social innovation if the focus is placed on fostering the interaction between internal and external actors, which can be significantly empowered by design practices. The specific objective of this paper is to describe a model for the SISU operation together with principles based on the design approach to social innovation. The recognition of the importance of the design in the promotion of social innovation has been particularly highlighted through the activities of DESIS (Design for Social Innovation Network)