Avaliação da mistura de fosfatos acidulados, fosfatos naturais e fontes de enxofre na produção de cana-de-açúcar

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito agronômico da aplicação de fosfatos acidulados, fosfatos naturais e fontes de enxofre na cana-de-açúcar, em cana planta e cana soca. Os estudos foram conduzidos em dois locais, durante dois cultivos. Os tratamentos avaliados foram: testemunha, SFT, SFT + S0, SFT + Gesso, MAP + S0, MAP + Gesso, FNR Reativo + S0, FNR Bayóvar + Gesso, FN alta reatividade + SFT + S0 e FN baixa reatividade + SFT + S0, aplicados no momento do plantio na dose de 120 kg ha-1 de P2O5 e 40 kg ha-1 de S, respectivamente. O SFT, MAP e FNR Bayóvar foram misturados com S0 e gesso antes da sua aplicação ao solo. O FN de alta e baixa reatividade foram aplicados com o SFT e S0 incorporados ao grânulo. Foram avaliados: tonelada de colmos por hectare (TCH), tonelada de açúcar por hectare (TAH), ATR, pH, P e S no solo (0-20 e 20-40 cm). A mistura de fertilizantes fosfatados (SFT, MAP e FNR Bayóvar) e enxofre elementar foi eficiente em aumentar a produção de colmos e açúcar e os teores de fósforo no solo. O fosfato natural de alta e baixa reatividade ambos incorporados com SFT e S0 no grânulo foram mais eficientes em aumentar os teores de fósforo no solo que o fosfato natural reativo Bayóvar misturados com enxofre elementar e gesso. O efeito positivo dos tratamentos com gesso em relação ao enxofre elementar pode estar relacionado à intensidade do estresse hídrico e as condições de cultivo verificado em um dos experimentos

Molecular Survey of Bartonella Species in Stray Cats and Dogs, Humans, and Questing Ticks from Portugal

Bartonella spp. comprises emergent and re-emergent fastidious Gram-negative bacteria with worldwide distribution. Cats are the main reservoir hosts for Bartonella henselae and dogs represent opportunistic hosts for the bacteria. Even though ticks may also play a role in transmission, their competence as vectors for Bartonella spp. has not been totally understood. Considering only a few studies had a focus on screening Bartonella in animals, humans and ectoparasites in Portugal, this study aimed to address the molecular occurrence of Bartonella sp. in 123 stray cats, 25 stray dogs, 30 humans from Lisbon and 236 questing ticks within the country. Using a qPCR targeting the nuoG gene, it was possible to detect Bartonella sp. DNA on 20.32% of cat samples (25/123). From these positive samples, 13 sequences were characterized as B. henselae, 11 as B. clarridgeiae and 1 presented co-infection with both species. The absolute quantification of nuoG Bartonella DNA in sampled cats ranged from 2.78 × 10 to 1.03 × 105 copies/µL. The sampled dogs, humans and ticks were negative. These results showed that B. henselae and B. clarridgeiae are circulating in stray cats from Lisbon. Additional and more extended studies should be conducted to determine the impact of such infections on humans, particularly those in constant and direct contact with cats.publishersversionpublishe

SIGNIFICADOS DO PAPEL DO ACOMPANHANTE EM UNIDADE HOSPITALAR: VISÃO DA PESSOA HOSPITALIZADA COM CONDIÇÃO CRÔNICA

Objetivo:conhecer os significados do papel do acompanhante na ótica da pessoa hospitalizada com condição crônica. Método: pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, realizada com 22 adultos portadores de doença crônica, usuários de um hospital da região sul do estado de Minas Gerais. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de entrevistas gravadas, norteada por questionário semiestruturado e para a organização e análise dos dados foi utilizada a análise temática. Resultados: através da análise dos dados, foi possível a delimitação de um tema, "Acompanhamento hospitalar: um acordo simbólico", composto por três subtemas, "Acompanhante: uma companhia”, “Acompanhante: aquele que faz para” e "Acompanhante: aquele que zela por". Conclusão: sob a ótica da pessoa hospitalizada com condição crônica, o acompanhante é concebido como um elemento dotado de atribuições durante o processo de hospitalização, as quais incluem transmitir segurança, ser companhia, auxiliar nos cuidados e permanecer vigilante quanto à assistência recebida pelos profissionais de saúde

Molecular detection of pathogens in ticks infesting cattle in Nampula province, Mozambique

Ticks are ectoparasites that can act as vectors of a large number of pathogens in wild and domestic animals, pets, and occasionally humans. The global threat of emerging or re-emerging tick-borne diseases supports the need for research focused in the zoonotic transmission, especially in countries like Mozambique where rural populations are in close contact with domestic animals. The present study aims to: (1) identify tick species infesting cattle from Monapo and Nacala Porto, districts of Nampula province, Mozambique; and (2) investigate the presence of pathogens in the collected ticks. A total of 646 ticks were collected from cattle and morphologically identified as Amblyomma variegatum, Rhipicephalus microplus, and R. evertsi evertsi. For convenience, 72 A. variegatum and 15 R. microplus from Monapo, and 30 A. variegatum from Nacala Porto were screened for the presence of the selected pathogens: Rickettsia spp. (A. variegatum), and Babesia/Theileria spp. and Anaplasma/Ehrlichia spp. (R. microplus). Rickettsia africae was detected in four of the 72 A. variegatum collected in Monapo (5.6%). Additionally, one R. microplus tick (6.7%) was positive for Theileria velifera, one positive for Colpodella spp., one positive for Candidatus Midichloria mitochondrii, and another one positive for Anaplasma ovis. Using the present approach, no microorganisms were detected in tick samples from Nacala Porto. These findings expand our knowledge about the repertoire of tick-borne microorganisms in ticks in Nampula province, Mozambique.This manuscript is a part of the dissertation that Ana Marcília Matsimbe developed under the master course on Tropical Medicine and Global Health.The Medical Education partnership Initiative grants number R24TW008908 from the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH) as well as FCT for funds to GHTM—UID/Multi/04413/2013.http://link.springer.com/journal/104932018-09-01hj2018Veterinary Tropical Disease

Efeito da adubação foliar em soqueira de cana-de-açúcar

Os macro e micronutrientes desempenham função importante no desenvolvimento e produtividade da cana-de-açúcar e aplicação foliar pode ser considerada uma ótima alternativa como adubação suplementar. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar a produção, qualidade tecnológica e teores de nutrientes em soqueira de cana-de-açúcar submetida à aplicação de diferentes fertilizantes via foliar. Foram conduzidos três experimentos em áreas distintas, localizadas em áreas de unidades produtoras de cana-de-açúcar. Os experimentos foram instalados apresentando delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, sendo cinco tratamentos (testemunha com água, controle visando fornecimento de N, B, Zn e Mn, Micro Foliar + N-Foliar nas doses de 1,0 kg ha-1 + 3,0 L ha-1, 2,0 kg ha-1 + 6,0 L ha-1 e 3,0 kg ha-1 + 10,0 L ha-1, respectivamente) com quatro repetições. As variáveis analisadas foram: altura de plantas, diâmetro de colmos, tonelada de colmos (TCH) e açúcar (TAH) por hectare, açúcar teórico recuperado (ATR), brix, pol da cana e teor foliar de N, B, Mn, Zn e Cu. A adubação foliar na dose de 1,56 kg ha-1 de Micro + 5,18 L ha-1 de N foi mais eficiente em aumentar a produção de açúcar para variedade RB 85-5536. O aumento de doses de Micro Foliar + N-Foliar (1, 2 e 3 kg ha-1 e 3, 6 e 10,0 L ha-1) foram mais eficientes em aumentar os teores foliares de nitrogênio, zinco e boro para variedade RB 86-7515

Transcriptome and proteome response of Rhipicephalus annulatus tick vector to Babesia bigemina infection

Funding Information: RHIBAB - PTDC/CVT/112050/2009 “Differential expression and functional characterization of tick (Rhipicephalus annulatus) genes in response to pathogen infection (B. bigemina).” SA is the recipient of a post-doctoral grant supported by FCT Funding Information: The authors would like to acknowledge Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) for funds to GHTM – UID/Multi/04413/2013. Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2019 Antunes, Couto, Ferrolho, Sanches, Merino Charrez, De la Cruz Hernández, Mazuz, Villar, Shkap, de la Fuente and Domingos. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.A system biology approach was used to gain insight into tick biology and interactions between vector and pathogen. Rhipicephalus annulatus is one of the main vectors of Babesia bigemina which has a massive impact on animal health. It is vital to obtain more information about this relationship, to better understand tick and pathogen biology, pathogen transmission dynamics, and new potential control approaches. In ticks, salivary glands (SGs) play a key role during pathogen infection and transmission. RNA sequencing obtained from uninfected and B. bigemina infected SGs obtained from fed female ticks resulted in 6823 and 6475 unigenes, respectively. From these, 360 unigenes were found to be differentially expressed (p < 0.05). Reversed phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry identified a total of 3679 tick proteins. Among them 406 were differently represented in response to Babesia infection. The omics data obtained suggested that Babesia infection lead to a reduction in the levels of mRNA and proteins (n = 237 transcripts, n = 212 proteins) when compared to uninfected controls. Integrated transcriptomics and proteomics datasets suggested a key role for stress response and apoptosis pathways in response to infection. Thus, six genes coding for GP80, death-associated protein kinase (DAPK-1), bax inhibitor-1 related (BI-1), heat shock protein (HSP), heat shock transcription factor (PHSTF), and queuine trna-ribosyltransferase (QtRibosyl) were selected and RNA interference (RNAi) performed. Gene silencing was obtained for all genes except phstf. Knockdown of gp80, dapk-1, and bi-1 led to a significant increase in Babesia infection levels while hsp and QtRibosyl knockdown resulted in a non-significant decrease of infection levels when compared to the respective controls. Gene knockdown did not affect tick survival, but engorged female weight and egg production were affected in the gp80, dapk-1, and QtRibosyl-silenced groups in comparison to controls. These results advanced our understanding of tick-Babesia molecular interactions, and suggested new tick antigens as putative targets for vaccination to control tick infestations and pathogen infection/transmission.publishersversionpublishe

uncovering differences during Ehrlichia canis infection

The tick vector Rhipicephalus sanguineus is established as a complex of closely related species with high veterinary-medical significance, in which the presence of different genetic, morphological, and biological traits has resulted in the recognition of different lineages within taxa. One of the most striking differences in the "temperate" and "tropical" lineages of R. sanguineus (s.l.) is the vector competence to Ehrlichia canis, suggesting that these ticks tolerate and react differently to pathogen infection. The present study addresses the SG and MG proteome of the R. sanguineus tropical and temperate lineages and compares their proteomic profile during E. canis infection. Batches of nymphs from the two lineages were allowed to feed on naïve and experimentally E. canis infected dogs and after molting, adults were dissected, and salivary glands and midgut tissues separated. Samples were screened for the presence of E. canis before proteomic analyses. The representation of the proteins identified in infected and non-infected tissues of each lineage was compared and gene ontology used for protein classification. Results highlight important differences in those proteomic profiles that added to previous reported genetic, biological, behavioral, and morphological differences, strengthening the hypothesis of the existence of two different species. Comparing infected and non-infected tissues, the results show that, while in midgut tissues the response to E. canis infection is similar in the salivary glands, the two lineages show a different pattern of protein representation. Focusing on the proteins found only in the infected condition, the data suggests that the cement cone produced during tick feeding may be implicated in pathogen infection. This study adds useful information to the debate on the controversial R. sanguineus systematic status, to the discussion related with the different vectorial competence occurring between the two lineages and identifies potential targets for efficient tick and tick-borne disease control.publishersversionpublishe

Desenvolvimento de porta-enxerto de videira em consórcio com plantas de cobertura do solo

The use of soil cover crops in the cultivation of the vine is an important technique, especially for tropical climate regions due to high air and soil temperatures. Therefore, this work aimed to evaluate the development of the vine rootstock cultivar “IAC 572 ‘Jales’, intercropped with different types of soil cover plants in the Brazilian Cerrado. The experiment was conducted in an experimental area at the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul - Cassilândia University Unit. The experimental design performed on randomized blocks and with five replications of two rootstock plants, totaling ten useful plants per treatment. The treatments were defined by cover crops: millet (Pennisetum glaucum); crotalaria (Crotalaria juncea); and castor (Ricinus communis). Plant height, stem diameter, number of branches and relative chlorophyll content were evaluated. The development of IAC 572 'Jales' rootstock is favored by the intercropping with crotalaria and millet between the planting rows, as it contributes to greater plant height and higher relative chlorophyll content. The use of castor bean culture, in consortium with the rootstock, should be avoided. These results demonstrate the importance of knowing the interaction between the cultivated species and the ground cover crops. A utilização de plantas de cobertura do solo, no cultivo da videira é uma técnica importante, principalmente para regiões de clima tropical devido às elevadas temperaturas do ar e do solo. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar o desenvolvimento do cultivar de porta-enxerto de videira IAC 572 ‘Jales’, consorciado com diferentes plantas de cobertura do solo. O experimento foi conduzido em área experimental da Universidade Estadual do Mato Grosso do Sul - Unidade Universitária de Cassilândia. O delineamento experimental foi em blocos ao acaso, com cinco repetições de duas plantas do porta-enxerto, totalizando dez plantas úteis por tratamento. Os tratamentos foram definidos pelas plantas de cobertura: milheto (Pennisetum glaucum); crotolária (Crotalaria juncea); e mamona (Ricinus communis). Foram avaliadas a altura das plantas, diâmetro de caule, número de ramos e teor relativo de clorofila.  O desenvolvimento de porta-enxerto IAC 572 ‘Jales’, é favorecido pelo cultivo consorciado com crotalária e milheto na entrelinha de plantio, pois contribui para maior altura de plantas e maior teor relativo de clorofila. A utilização da cultura da mamona, em consórcio com o porta-enxerto, deve ser evitada. Tais resultados demonstram a importância de se conhecer a interação entre e espécie cultivada e as plantas de cobertura do solo

Transcriptome and Proteome Response of Rhipicephalus annulatus Tick Vector to Babesia bigemina Infection

A system biology approach was used to gain insight into tick biology and interactions between vector and pathogen. Rhipicephalus annulatus is one of the main vectors of Babesia bigemina which has a massive impact on animal health. It is vital to obtain more information about this relationship, to better understand tick and pathogen biology, pathogen transmission dynamics, and new potential control approaches. In ticks, salivary glands (SGs) play a key role during pathogen infection and transmission. RNA sequencing obtained from uninfected and B. bigemina infected SGs obtained from fed female ticks resulted in 6823 and 6475 unigenes, respectively. From these, 360 unigenes were found to be differentially expressed (p &lt; 0.05). Reversed phase liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry identified a total of 3679 tick proteins. Among them 406 were differently represented in response to Babesia infection. The omics data obtained suggested that Babesia infection lead to a reduction in the levels of mRNA and proteins (n = 237 transcripts, n = 212 proteins) when compared to uninfected controls. Integrated transcriptomics and proteomics datasets suggested a key role for stress response and apoptosis pathways in response to infection. Thus, six genes coding for GP80, death-associated protein kinase (DAPK-1), bax inhibitor-1 related (BI-1), heat shock protein (HSP), heat shock transcription factor (PHSTF), and queuine trna-ribosyltransferase (QtRibosyl) were selected and RNA interference (RNAi) performed. Gene silencing was obtained for all genes except phstf. Knockdown of gp80, dapk-1, and bi-1 led to a significant increase in Babesia infection levels while hsp and QtRibosyl knockdown resulted in a non-significant decrease of infection levels when compared to the respective controls. Gene knockdown did not affect tick survival, but engorged female weight and egg production were affected in the gp80, dapk-1, and QtRibosyl-silenced groups in comparison to controls. These results advanced our understanding of tick–Babesia molecular interactions, and suggested new tick antigens as putative targets for vaccination to control tick infestations and pathogen infection/transmission