Global variation in anastomosis and end colostomy formation following left-sided colorectal resection

Background End colostomy rates following colorectal resection vary across institutions in high-income settings, being influenced by patient, disease, surgeon and system factors. This study aimed to assess global variation in end colostomy rates after left-sided colorectal resection. Methods This study comprised an analysis of GlobalSurg-1 and -2 international, prospective, observational cohort studies (2014, 2016), including consecutive adult patients undergoing elective or emergency left-sided colorectal resection within discrete 2-week windows. Countries were grouped into high-, middle- and low-income tertiles according to the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). Factors associated with colostomy formation versus primary anastomosis were explored using a multilevel, multivariable logistic regression model. Results In total, 1635 patients from 242 hospitals in 57 countries undergoing left-sided colorectal resection were included: 113 (6·9 per cent) from low-HDI, 254 (15·5 per cent) from middle-HDI and 1268 (77·6 per cent) from high-HDI countries. There was a higher proportion of patients with perforated disease (57·5, 40·9 and 35·4 per cent; P < 0·001) and subsequent use of end colostomy (52·2, 24·8 and 18·9 per cent; P < 0·001) in low- compared with middle- and high-HDI settings. The association with colostomy use in low-HDI settings persisted (odds ratio (OR) 3·20, 95 per cent c.i. 1·35 to 7·57; P = 0·008) after risk adjustment for malignant disease (OR 2·34, 1·65 to 3·32; P < 0·001), emergency surgery (OR 4·08, 2·73 to 6·10; P < 0·001), time to operation at least 48 h (OR 1·99, 1·28 to 3·09; P = 0·002) and disease perforation (OR 4·00, 2·81 to 5·69; P < 0·001). Conclusion Global differences existed in the proportion of patients receiving end stomas after left-sided colorectal resection based on income, which went beyond case mix alone

Demandas psicológicas e controle do processo de trabalho de servidores de uma universidade pública

This cross-sectional research aimed to analyze the psychological demand and work control self-reported by the Education Administrative Technicians of a public university. This is a complete sample selection consisting of 833 Education Administrative Technicians who self-completed a questionnaire with questions structured in 2013/2014. A descriptive bivariate analysis was performed with the calculation of psychosocial stress at work, using the Demand-Control Model quadrants categorized as: low-demand work (low-demand and high-control), reference group, passive work (low-demand and low-control), active work (high-demand and high-control), high-demand (high-demand and low-control) – group with the highest exposure. The study complies with all ethical and legal research requirements involving human beings. There was a predominance of the category of workers performing passive work (n = 319, 39.7%), low work demand (n = 274, 34.1%), high work demand (n = 116, 14.4%) and active work (n = 95, 11.8%). There were contributions from the investigation on the health of these workers insofar as they provided a diagnosis of the category. There is a recommendation for such data to support interventions to empower them and retailor jobs.Pesquisa transversal que objetivou analisar a demanda psicológica e o controle do trabalho autorreferido pelos Técnicos Administrativos em Educação de uma universidade pública. Amostra de seleção completa composta por 833 Técnicos Administrativos em Educação, que auto preencheram um questionário com questões estruturadas em 2013/2014. Realizada análise descritiva e bivariada com cálculo do estresse psicossocial no trabalho, utilizando os quadrantes do Modelo Demanda-Controle categorizados como: trabalho de baixa exigência (baixa demanda e alto controle) grupo de referência, trabalho passivo (baixa demanda e baixo controle), trabalho ativo (alta demanda e alto controle), alta exigência (alta demanda e baixo controle) grupo de maior exposição. Foram atendidos todos os requisitos éticos e legais de pesquisa envolvendo seres humanos. Houve predomínio da categoria de trabalhadores que executam trabalho passivo (n = 319; 39,7%), trabalho de baixa exigência (n = 274; 34,1%), trabalho de alta exigência (n = 116; 14,4%) e trabalho ativo (n = 95; 11,8%). Houve contribuições da investigação para a saúde destes trabalhadores, na medida em que propiciou um diagnóstico da categoria. Há recomendação para que tais dados subsidiem intervenções no sentido de empoderálos e fazer readequação dos postos de trabalho