Virtue in Valayapathi

The mind which is considered to be as magic demon changes itself according to the situation. We need God's grace to subdue such a mind. A pure mind is required to receive the grace of God. To attain a pure mind one must do good deeds. Human life is full of pleasures and sorrows.  Human life is a mix of joy and sorrow. It is human nature to laugh in joy and cry in sorrow. Only God can remove the miseries of birth. Pleasure and pain are impermanent. Human life is a transition between these two states. Believing that this world will stand still in the changing human life. The stupidity of man. The human mind refuses to recognize that attachment in this world is of no use, instead pride and power flourish. Thus man tries to do evil deeds. He suffers for his own sake. The human mind has not matured in the mindset of accepting suffering for a person who has plowed in pleasure. On the other hand, only after experiencing it, he learns that only evil can be caused by suffering. Therefore, after such suffering, the thought arises in him that he should do good deeds only later. As a result of that thought, people believed that good deeds can be done only by seeking God. The purpose of this article is to explain that the man who has done good deeds wants to do good deeds for himself and others and thus reaches God by reading and listening to good books and doing good deeds

Bioefficacy of insecticides used against diamondbackmoth and their potential impact on natural enemies in cauliflower

Field experiments were conducted at two different geographical regions viz., tropical region (Naraseepuram village, Coimbatore) and temperate region (Kookal village, Kotagiri, The Nilgiris) in summer and winter season’s to assess the bioefficacy of insecticides used against Diamondbackmoth (DBM), Plutella xylostella and their potential impact on natural enemies in cauliflower. The results revealed that the diamide insecticides like cyantraniliprole 10.26 OD @ 60 g a.i ha-1, chlorantraniliprole 18.50 SC @ 10 g a.i ha-1 and flubendiamide 20 WG @ 18.24 g a.i ha-1 registered more than 95 percent population reduction over untreated control followed by emamectin benzoate 5 SG @ 10 g a.i ha-1 and thiodicarb 75 WP @ 750 g a.i ha-1. Quinalphos 25 EC @ 500 g a.i ha-1and chlorpyriphos 20 EC @ 400 g a.i ha-1 were observed as least effective among the treated insecticides. The diamide insecticides recorded considerably less toxic effect on the natural enemies, especially spiders and coccinellids. Population reduction of natural enemies was noticed immediately after insecticide spray but it gradually increased and was recorded on par with the control population. Hence, cyantraniliprole 10.26 OD @ 60 g a.i ha-1, chlorantraniliprole 18.50 SC @ 10 g a.i ha-1 and flubendiamide 20 WG @ 18.24 g a.i ha-1 can be used as potential component in the integrated pest management against DBM in cole crops.

An Ant Colony Optimization For Job Scheduling To Minimize Makespan Time

This paper deals with the makespan minimization for Job Scheduling . Research on optimization techniques of the Job Scheduling Problem (JSP) is one of the most significant and promising areas of an optimization. Instead of the traditional optimization method, this paper presents an investigation into the use of an Ant Colony optimization (ACO) to optimize the JSP. The numerical experiments of ACO were implemented in a small JSP. In the natural environment, the ants have a tremendous ability to team up to find an optimal path to food resources. An ant algorithm stimulates the behavior of ants. The main objective of this paper is to minimize the makespan time of a given set of jobs and achieved optimal results are encroached

Preparation and characterization of MAO-Si3N4 composite coating on AZ31B magnesium alloy

Micro arc oxidation process was carried out on AZ 31 B magnesium alloy using alkaline silicate based bath at a constant current density of 0.04 A/cm2. Nano size silicon nitride (Si3N4) particles were added in the bath to obtain MAO- Si3N4 composite coatings. Plain oxide coatings were also prepared for comparison. The developed coatings were characterised for their surface morphology, composition, structure, roughness, nanohardness and wear resistance properties. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) analysis of the coating exhibited the irregular porous structure with cracked morphology. Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-ray (EDX) over the surface of the composite coating showed the presence of O (42.8 wt.%), Si (13.2 wt.%), F (4.8 wt.%), Al (0.63 wt.%) and N (7.8 wt.%) with balance Mg respectively. XRD pattern obtained for composite coating revealed the characteristic peaks corresponding to Mg, MgO and Mg2SiO4. Apart from these peaks the presence of a low intensity peak corresponding to Si3N4 was also observed. Composite coating exhibited about 56% increase in nanohardness value (387 HV) compared to plain oxide coating (167 HV). Dry reciprocating wear test experiment was carried out for composite, plain oxide and substrate materials against alumina ball. Wear loss obtained for the composite is 3 times less (10 µms) compared to plain oxide coating which indicated improved wear resistance of the MAO-Si3N4 composite

By using Internet of Things Analysis of Waste Monitoring System

Metropolitan territories in urban areas are confronting poor strategy for waste administration. Since there is quick increment of urban populace unhygienic conditions are winning. To maintain a strategic distance from this condition and to enhance the personal satisfaction powerful waste administration is utilized. In proposed framework, squander container is checked with the sensors and GSM framework. An android application is utilized to screen data with respect to squander independent of area. By this squanders are expelled effectively

Muon-induced neutrons do not explain the DAMA data

We present an accurate model of the muon-induced background in the DAMA/LIBRA experiment. Our work challenges proposed mechanisms which seek to explain the observed DAMA signal modulation with muon-induced backgrounds. Muon generation and transport are performed using the MUSIC/MUSUN code, and subsequent interactions in the vicinity of the DAMA detector cavern are simulated with Geant4. We estimate the total muon-induced neutron flux in the detector cavern to be $\Phi_n^\nu = 1.0\times10^{-9}$ cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. We predict $3.49\times10^{-5}$ counts/day/kg/keV, which accounts for less than $0.3\%$ of the DAMA signal modulation amplitude.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in PR

Pengaruh Partisipasi dalam Penganggaran dan Peran Manajerial Pengelola Keuangan Daerah terhadap Kinerja Pemerintah Daerah (Studi Empiris pada SKPD Kabupaten Rokan Hulu)

This study aimed to examine the effect of participation in budgeting and financial management managerial roles with the object of the entire study area SKPDs Rokan Hulu district, consist of 25 SKPD. The research sample are 100 respondents consisting of 13 heads of department, 30 head of sector, 27 head subsections, and 1 hospital director in Rokan Hulu district. Data collected by distributing questionnaires. From 100 questionnaires sent, there were 74 respondents who returns the queationnaires and only 70 questionnaires that can be processed and analyzed. sampling techniques using simple random sampling. The method of data collection is by distributing questionnaires. Analysis using multiple regression. The results of this study we concluded that participation in budgeting and financial management managerial role area significantly positive effect on the performance of local government. In this study the magnitude of the effect that the R2 of 0.230 or 23% indicated that participation in budgeting and financial management managerial roles affect the performance of the local government area by 23%. The results of this study support previous studies.Keywords: Participation in Budgeting, Managerial Role of Financial Management The Local Government Performance

A Study on Co – odd (even) Sum Degree Edge Domination Number in Graphs

يقال إن المجموعة المهيمنة على الحافة   من الرسم البياني  هي مجموعة مهيمنة على حافة المجموع الفردي (الزوجي) (osded (esded) - set) من G إذا كان مجموع درجة جميع الحواف في X هو رقم فردي (زوجي). المجموع الفردي (الزوجي) لدرجة الحافة لرقم الهيمنة  هو الحد الأدنى من الكاردينالية المأخوذة على جميع المجموعات المهيمنة على حافة المجموع الفردي (الزوجي) من G ويتم تعريفه على أنه صفر إذا لم يكن هناك مثل هذا المجموع المهيمن على حافة المجموع الفردي (الزوجي) في G. في هذا البحث ، تم توسيع مفهوم هيمنة درجة المجموع الفردي (الزوجي) على المجموعة المهيمنة المشتركة E-T للرسم البياني G ، حيث T هي مجموعة مهيمنة على الحافة من G. .  تم تعريف المعلمات المقابلة لCo-الفردي (الزوجي) مجموع درجة الحافة المهيمنة على مجموعة ، و Co - الفردي (الزوجي) مجموع درجة الهيمنة على الحافة و Co- الفردي ( الزوجي) مجموع درجة قيمة هيمنة الحافة. علاوة على ذلك ، تم العثور على القيم الدقيقة للمعلمات المذكورة أعلاه لبعض الفئات القياسية من الرسوم البيانية.  يتم الحصول على حدود رقم هيمنة حافة المجموع  Co- الفردي (الزوجي) من حيث مصطلحات الرسم البياني الأساسية. تم تميز المجموعات المهيمنة على حافة المجموع Co - الفردي (الزوجي).  كما تتم دراسة العلاقات مع معلمات هيمنة الحافة الأخرى. An edge dominating set    of a graph  is said to be an odd (even) sum degree edge dominating set (osded (esded) - set) of G if the sum of the degree of all edges in X is an odd (even) number. The odd (even) sum degree edge domination number  is the minimum cardinality taken over all odd (even) sum degree edge dominating sets of G and is defined as zero if no such odd (even) sum degree edge dominating set exists in G. In this paper, the odd (even) sum degree domination concept is extended on the co-dominating set E-T of a graph G, where T is an edge dominating set of G.  The corresponding parameters co-odd (even) sum degree edge dominating set, co-odd (even) sum degree edge domination number and co-odd (even) sum degree edge domination value is defined.  Further, the exact values of the above said parameters are found for some standard classes of graphs.  The bounds of the co-odd (even) sum degree edge domination number are obtained in terms of basic graph terminologies.  The co-odd (even) sum degree edge dominating sets are characterized.  The relationships with other edge domination parameters are also studied

Automatic Leather Species Identification using Machine Learning Techniques

Content: Identification and classification of leather species becomes valuable and necessary due to concerns regarding consumer protection, product counterfeiting, and dispute settlement in the leather industry. Identification and classification of leather into species is carried out by histological examination or molecular analysis based on DNA. Manual method requires expertise, training and experience, and due to involvement of human judgment disputes are inevitable thus a need to automate the leather species identification. In the present investigation, an attempt has been made to automate leather species identification using machine learning techniques. A novel non-destructive leather species identification algorithm is proposed for the identification of cow, buffalo, goat and sheep leathers. Hair pore pattern was segmented efficiently using k-means clustering algorithm Significant features representing the unique characteristics of each species such as no.of hair pores, pore density, percent porosity, shape of the pores etc., were extracted. The generated features were used for training the Random forest classifier. Experimental results on the leather species image library database achieved an accuracy of 87 % using random forest as classifier, confirming the potentials of using the proposed system for automatic leather species classification. Take-Away: Novel technique to identify leather species Non destructive method Machine learning algorithms to automate leather species identificatio

Radiosensitivity of Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) Varieties Treated with Gamma Rays

Investigations were carried out at the Horticultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, during 2003-2005 to work out radiosensitivity of five varieties of amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) exposed to different doses of gamma rays. Scions of five amla varieties, viz., BSR-1, Kanchan, Krishna, NA-7 and Chakaiya, were irradiated with different doses (1.0 to 5.0 kR) and these were grafted on to rootstocks. Based on the sensitivity study, LD50 for 100% survival ranged from 1.0 to 2.0 kR for all the five varieties. All the amla varieties could survive upto 10-20% at lower doses (upto 2.5 kR)