ANALISIS YURIDIS BENTUK PELAYANAN TERPIDANA NARKOTIKA DI RUMAH TAHANAN KELAS II B PONOROGO

Di Indonesia, Narkotika itu sendiri adalah sebuah barang yang terlarang. Hal ini sudah jelas ada dan diatur dalam Undang – undang Nomor 35 tahun 2009 tentang narkotika. UU ini dibuat dengan tujuan untuk mengatur segala hal terkait dengan Narkotika termasuk hukuman bagi pelanggarnya. Dalam UU ini dijelaskan bahwa Narkotik adalah zat atau obat yang berasal dari tanaman atau bukan tanaman baik sintetis maupun semisintetis yang dapat menyebabkan penurunan kesadaran atau perubahan kesadaran, mengurangi sampai menghilangkan rasa nyeri dan dapat menimbulkan ketergantungan yang dibedakan kedalam golongan – golongan sebagaimana terlampir dalam undang – undang. Menurut undang – undang narkotika segala macam bentuk zat atau obat baik dari tanaman atau bukan tanaman, sintetis maupun semisintetis dan dapat menyebabkan ketergantungan masuk kedalam golongan narkotika. Secara sistem perlu ada pembenahan agar bisa lebih efektif dalam penanganan warga binaan khususnya warga binaan kasus Narkotika yang seharusnya adalah Warga binaan yang harus mendapat perhatian khusus karena berkaitan dengan kondisi kesehatan mereka apalagi jenis kejahatan yang mereka lakukan adalah jenis tindak pidana khusus. Disisi lain, hak mereka secara tidak langsung sebagai korban misalkan mereka ada yang kecanduan dan harus ada penanganan khusus, harus diperhatikan. Hal ini sesuai dengan teori keilmuan yang terdapat dalam dunia Victimologi yang membahas konteks keilmuan terkai dengan korban. Jika dilihat, di rutan Kelas II B Ponorogo pelayanan yang di berikan khususnya untuk warga binaan narkotika tidak ada perbedaan dengan warga binaan bahkan tempat juga dicampur karena tidak ada tempat khusus serta keterbatasan kapasitas yang seharusnya kapasitas Rutan hanya 107 sedangkan hunian saat ini diisi kurang lebih 292 over kapasitas 100%. Hal ini jelas secara sistem pelayanan di Rutan tersebut bisa dikatakan tidak memadai dan perlu pembenahan baik secara sistem maupun pembenahan kondisi Fisik dari rutan tersebut

Influence of Molecular Organization on the Electrical Characteristics of {\pi}-conjugated Self-assembled Monolayers

Two new thiol compounds with {\sigma}-{\pi}-{\sigma} structure were synthesized and self-assembled on gold substrates. The morphology and the structural characterization of SAMs assessed by infrared spectroscopy, contact angle, XPS, electrochemistry and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) show the formation of monolayers. SAMs with a terthiophene (3TSH) core as conjugated system are much better organized compared to those with a naphthalene carbodiimide (NaphSH) core as demonstrated by the cyclic voltammetry and STM studies. The surface concentration of 3TSH and NaphSH is respectively three and six times lower than ordered SAMs of pure alkyl chains. A large number of I/V characteristics have been studied either by STS measurements on gold substrates or by C-AFM on gold nanodots. Transition Voltage Spectroscopy (TVS) was used to clearly identify the transport in these partially organized monolayers. The chemical nature of the conjugated system, donor for 3TSH and acceptor for NaphSH, involves an opposite rectification associated to the asymmetrical coupling of the molecular orbitals and the electrodes. The conductance histograms show that the 3TSH junctions are less dispersed than those of NaphSH junctions. This is explained by a better control of the molecular organization in the molecular junctions.Comment: Full paper with supporting informatio

One step synthesis of D-A-D chromophores as active materials for organic solar cells by basic condensation

Donor-Acceptor-Donor conjugated systems are synthesized in good yield by double condensation of aromatic aldehydes of triarylamines with 2,3-diaminomaleonitrile under microwave activation with trifluoroacetic acid as catalyst. The electronic properties of the compounds are investigated and discussed and a first evaluation of their potential as donor material in organic photovoltaic cells is presented

Small Molecules for organic photovoltaic

Date du colloque : 05/2013</p

Potentiometric miniaturized pH sensors based on polypyrrole films

Potentiometric pH miniaturized sensors based on electrosynthesized polypyrrole films were developped. These pH sensors consist in two interdigitated microarray electrodes which were fabricated using photolithography process. One electrode of the sensor is coated by a polypyrrole film while the other one is coated by a silver film used as reference electrode. The potentiometric responses of these sensors were generally linear to pH changes in the range from 2 to 11. More, some sensors appeared to be stable in time during 30 days. The effect of the thickness of polymer film to potentiometric responses was also studied. It appeared that thinner polypyrrole films gave better potentiometric responses than thicker ones

A bridged low band gap A-D-A quaterthiophene as efficient donor for organic solar cells

International audience[small alpha],[small omega]-Bis(dicyanovinyl)quaterthiophene 1 with a median 4,4-diethyl-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b[prime or minute]]dithiophene has been synthesized. UV-Vis absorption data show that the covalent bridging of the inner 2,2[prime or minute]-bithiophene leads to a significant reduction of the HOMO-LUMO gap essentially due to an increase of the HOMO level as confirmed by electrochemical and theoretical results. X-ray diffraction analysis of a single crystal of 1 shows that except for the out-of-plane ethyl groups, the conjugated system displays a quasi-planar geometry while the molecular packing exhibits strong [small pi]-stacking interactions and multiple short intermolecular contacts. Quaterthiophene 1 has been used as active donor material in organic solar cells of various architectures including bi-layer planar hetero-junctions and hybrid co-evaporated bulk hetero-junctions with C60 as electron acceptor material. A maximum conversion efficiency of 4.30% is obtained with a hybrid co-evaporated device. These results are discussed in terms of structure-properties relationships with reference to the open-chain parent [small alpha],[small omega]-bis(dicyanovinyl)quaterthiophene 2

Etude électrochimique de molécules aminées aliphatiques et hétéroaromatiques. Application aux microcapteurs de pH.

The first part describes the state of the art (electrochemical synthesis, developed applications and electrochemical reaction mechanisms) of the molecules used in his work: pyrrole and ethylenediamine. A second part is dedicated to the evolution of pH measurement processes. Thus, after an explanation of the pH concept, a presentation of both conventional pH measurement technique and of recent pH measurements methods is given.Then, thin polymer films are deposited on platinum surfaces by anodic electropolymerization of pyrrole and ethylenediamine. Then, we tested different electrolyte composition to determine the influence of solvent, salt and monomer concentrations on the electro-oxidation of pyrrole and ethylenediamine solutions. After that, several spectroscopic (IR and XPS) and microscopic (AFM and SEM) techniques were used to characterize the modified surfaces.Finally, pH sensors were elaborated by “lift-off” process then modified by anodic electrooxidization of pyrrole and ethylenediamine. This method was proved to be a good alternative to standard pH probes since these sensors can be both miniaturized and used in the clinical field if biocompatible polymers are selected as active layers. The sensitivity, reversibility and stability of these pH sensors were estimated for pH values between 4.5 and 9.0.Dans un premier chapitre, je développerai l’état de l’art des molécules que nous avons choisies d’utiliser : le pyrrole et l’éthylènediamine : historique des travaux publiés, premiers travaux de synthèse électrochimique, applications développées et étude des mécanismes réactionnels électrochimiques possibles. Une seconde partie sera dédiée à l’essor des procédés de mesures du pH. Ceci débutera par une explication de la notion de pH, suivie d’une présentation des techniques de mesure du pH par des appareillages conventionnels, jusqu’aux nouvelles méthodes développées dernièrement.Puis, nous tenterons de déposer en couches minces des polymères en utilisant le fait que le pyrrole et l’éthylènediamine électropolymérisent par oxydation anodique à la surface d’une électrode. Nous électro-oxydons alors différentes solutions de pyrrole et d’éthylènediamine en modifiant la composition des électrolytes : nature du solvant et concentrations en sel de fond et en monomère. Nous caractériserons ensuite les surfaces modifiées, au moyen de techniques spectroscopiques (IR et XPS) et microscopiques (AFM et MEB).Finalement, nous présenterons des surfaces de platine fabriquées par « lift-off » puis modifiées par électro-oxydation du pyrrole ou de l’éthylènediamine et ainsi servir de couches sensibles de capteurs de pH. Cette méthode semble être une bonne alternative car ces capteurs sont à la fois miniaturisables et utilisables dans le milieu clinique si des polymères biocompatibles sont choisis comme couches actives. La sensibilité, la réversibilité et la stabilité de détection aux variations de pH des capteurs sont ensuite estimées pour des valeurs de pH comprises entre 4,5 et 9

Effect of electrolyte solvent on the morphology of polypyrrole films. Application of the use of polypyrrole in pH sensors

International audienceElectrochemical and morphological characteristics of polypyrrole (PPy) films electro-deposited from three different electrolyte solutions (acetonitrile, water and acetonitrile + water) have been investigated using atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Experimental parameters including the electrolyte and the deposition time were shown to affect the morphologies of polypyrrole films. After characterization of the polypyrrole film morphologies, these polymer films were successfully tested as sensitive layers in pH sensors since the pH sensor responses were fast, linear and sensitive to pH changes. More, these responses of the pH sensors were dependent on the experimental conditions of the electro-deposition (thickness and solvent)