An expert-curated global database of online newspaper articles on spiders and spider bites

Mass media plays an important role in the construction and circulation of risk perception associated with animals. Widely feared groups such as spiders frequently end up in the spotlight of traditional and social media. We compiled an expert-curated global database on the online newspaper coverage of human-spider encounters over the past ten years (2010– 2020). This database includes information about the location of each human-spider encounter reported in the news article and a quantitative characterisation of the content—location, presence of photographs of spiders and bites, number and type of errors, consultation of experts, and a subjective assessment of sensationalism. In total, we collected 5348 unique news articles from 81 countries in 40 languages. The database refers to 211 identified and unidentified spider species and 2644 unique human-spider encounters (1121 bites and 147 as deadly bites). To facilitate data reuse, we explain the main caveats that need to be made when analysing this database and discuss research ideas and questions that can be explored with it. Co-authors include: Stefano Mammola 1,2 ✉, Jagoba Malumbres-Olarte 1,3,61, Valeria A rabesky4,5, Diego Alejandro Barrales-Alcalá 6, Aimee Lynn Barrion-Dupo 7, Marco A ntonio Benamú 8,9,10, Tharina L. Bird 11,12, Maria Bogomolova13, Pedro C ardoso 1, Maria C hatzaki 14, Ren-Chung C heng 15, Tien-Ai C hu 15, Leticia M. C lassen-Rodríguez 16, Iva Čupić17, Naufal Urfi Dhiya’ulhaq 18, André-Philippe Drapeau P icard 19, Hisham K. E l-Hennawy20, Mert Elverici 21, Caroline S. Fukushima 1, Zeana Ganem22,23, Efrat Gavish-Regev 22, Naledi T . Gonnye24, Axel Hacala 25, Charles R. Haddad 26, Thomas Hesselberg 27, Tammy A i Tian Ho 28, Thanakorn I nto29, Marco I saia30, Dharmaraj Jayaraman 31, Nanguei Karuaera32, Rajashree Khalap33, Kiran Khalap33, Dongyoung Kim 34, Tuuli Korhonen1, Simona Kralj-Fišer 35, Heidi Land36, Shou-Wang Lin 36, Sarah Loboda 37, Elizabeth Lowe 38, Yael Lubin 5,39, Alejandro Martínez 2, Zingisile Mbo26, Marija Miličić 1,40, Grace Mwende Kioko41, Veronica Nanni 30,42, Yusoff Norma- Rashid 43, Daniel Nwankwo44, Christina J. P ainting 45, Aleck P ang46, Paolo Pantini47, Martina P avlek17,48, Richard P earce49, Booppa P etcharad29, Julien P étillon 25,50, Onjaherizo C hristian R aberahona51, Joni A . Saarinen1, Laura Segura-Hernández 52, Lenka Sentenská 53, Gabriele Uhl 36, Leilani Walker54,55, Charles M. Warui56, Konrad Wiśniewski 57, Alireza Zamani58, Catherine Scott 37,61 & Angela C huang 59,60,6

Description of the courtship and copulation behaviours of the wall spider \u3ci\u3eOecobius concinnus\u3c/i\u3e (Oecobiidae)

Courtship and copulation behaviours are yet scantily described in many spider families, and this lack of information limits our understanding of the evolution of such behaviours within and across families. Here, we provide a detailed description of both courtship and copulation behaviour for Oecobius concinnus Simon, 1893. A striking characteristic of the male courtship is the construction of a tubular web (mating web) in which most courtship and copulation occurs. This web likely functions to restrain the female in a reduced space and as a substrate for male pheromones. The courtship consists of a complex web of interactions between both sexes, with some interactions being nonrandomly performed

Active cardboard box with smart internal lining based on encapsulated essential oils for enhancing the shelf life of fresh mandarins

Mandarins are usually sold in bulk and refrigerated in open cardboard boxes with a relatively short shelf-life (12–15 days) due to physiological and pathological disorders (rot, dehydration, internal breakdown, etc.). The influence of a controlled release of essential oils (EOs) from an active packaging (including β-cyclodextrin-EOs inclusion complex) was studied on the mandarin quality stability, comparing different sized cardboard trays and boxes, either non-active or active, at the pilot plant scale (experiment 1; commercialization simulation at room temperature after a previous simulation of short transportation/storage of 5 days at 8 °C). Then, the selected package was further validated at the industrial scale (experiment 2; cold storage at 8 °C up to 21 days). Among package types, the active large box (≈10 kg fruit per box) better maintained the mandarin quality, extending the shelf life from two weeks (non-active large box) to three weeks at room temperature. Particularly, the active large box highly controlled microbial growth (up to two log units), reduced weight losses (by 1.6-fold), reduced acidity, and increased soluble solids (highly appreciated in sensory analyses), while it minimized colour and controlled firmness changes after three weeks. Such trends were also observed during the validation experiment, extending the shelf life (based on sensory quality) from 14 to at least 21 days. In conclusion, the mandarin’s shelf life with this active cardboard box format was extended more than one week at 8 °C.This research was funded through a European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No 812001

Epidemias, pandemias y virus, desde la ficción a la realidad

Introduction: The current pandemic situation due to SARS-Cov-2, has aroused great interest in topics related to epidemics. Objective: Quantify the cinematographic materials related to viruses, epidemics and pandemics reflected in the cinema. Methodology: Longitudinal descriptive study, whose analytical measurements were the cinematographic materials that treat different viruses in humanity, through the Internet Movie Database. Works from 1937 to 2020 were included, excluding those lacking synopses, duplicates, no duration, and no content related to epidemics, pandemics or viruses. Results: N = 32, mostly feature films (69%), framed in the genre of Science Fiction and Horror (47%). The words that appear most frequently in the synopses are: virus (25%), pandemic (21,88%), epidemic (9,38%), flu (12,50%) and quarantine (3,13%). It should be noted that in the last decade the production of cinematographic material on this subject has experienced an increase of 60%. Conclusion: Cinema is a didactic tool for students and professionals in the health field, as it offers the possibility of bringing the audience a closer view of health issues, creating a conceptual framework that helps students understand and consolidate knowledge.Introducción: En la actualidad, dada la situación de pandemia en la cual nos encontramos inmersos por el virus SARS-Cov-2, ha suscitado gran interés la temática relacionada con las epidemias, incluyendo hasta virus apocalípticos que acaban con la humanidad. El Objetivo de este estudio fue describir cómo el cine presenta las epidemias, las pandemias y los virus a través de una muestra de materiales cinematográficos. Metodología:  estudio descriptivo de corte longitudinal, cuyas medidas de análisis fueron los materiales cinematográficos que tratan distintos virus en la humanidad, a través de la base de datos Internet Movie Database. Se incluyeron trabajos desde 1937 hasta 2020, excluyéndose aquellos que carecían de sinopsis, duplicados, sin duración y sin contenido relacionado con epidemias, pandemias o virus. Resultados: La muestra estuvo constituida por N=32, en su gran mayoría largometrajes (69%), enmarcados en el género de la Ciencia Ficción y el Terror (47%).  Las palabras que más aparecen en las sinopsis son los virus (25%), pandemias (21.88%), epidemias (9.38%), gripe (12.50%) y cuarentena (3.13%). Se destaca que en los últimos 20 años se ha producido más material cinematográfico en esta temática (85%) siendo el 60% producido en la última década. Conclusión: El cine, dadas sus características polifacéticas, constituye una herramienta didáctica para los profesionales de la salud, ya que ofrece la posibilidad de acercar al espectador una visión más cercana de temas sanitarios, de salud pública y comunitaria, etc., creando un marco conceptual que ayuda al alumnado a comprender y afianzar conocimientos

Creación de una memoria de traducción para la estandarización de la traducción de propuestas de negocios de español a alemán

Después de un proceso inicial en que la tecnología informática y la traducción empiezan a combinarse (tradumática) nace al final de los 80 el término de memoria de traducción y en los 90 los primeros softwares para generarlas y gestionarlas salen al mercado, lo cual supone un avance importante para el traductor de la época. Tras varios años de desarrollo, este tipo de software se ha convertido en un aliado indispensable gracias a sus múltiples beneficios los cuales han quedado plasmados en múltiples investigaciones reunidas en este trabajo. Las facilidades que ofrecen las memorias de traducción actualmente son realmente significativas lo cual abre la duda sobre la posibilidad de hacer a este tipo de herramientas más efectivas y poder obtener aún más beneficios, es por esto que nace la pregunta de esta tesis, en la cual se busca saber si es posible reducir aún más los tiempos de revisión en un grupo de trabajo creando una memoria de traducción centralizada gestionada por el revisor final. Se realizó una encuesta en el área metropolitana de Bogotá en donde se cuestionaba sobre el conocimiento y la percepción de los traductores sobre las memorias de traducción, como respuesta potencial a la pregunta inicial el resultado fue negativo ya que los datos que principalmente se arrojaron hablan sobre el desconocimiento y poco uso de las memorias de traducción, dejando así, ver un fallo en los métodos de traducción en la capital. After an initial process in which computer technology and translation began to combine (translation technologies), the term translation memory was born at the end of the 80's and in the 90's the first software to generate and manage them came onto the market, which was an important step forward for the translator of that time. After several years of development, this type of software has become an indispensable ally thanks to its multiple benefits, which have been reflected in the research studies gathered in this work. The facilities currently offered by translation memories are really significant, which raises doubts about the possibility of making this type of tool more effective and obtaining even more benefits, which is why the question of this thesis is born, in which we seek to know if it is possible to further reduce review times in a work group by creating a centralized translation memory managed by the final reviewer. A survey was conducted in the metropolitan area of Bogota in which the knowledge and perception of translators about translation memories was questioned. As a potential answer to the initial question, the result was negative, since the data that were mainly obtained speak about the lack of knowledge and little use of translation memories, thus revealing a failure in translation methods in the capital city.TABLA DE CONTENIDOS i. Agradecimientos ii. Abstract iii. Lista de figuras Introducción Planteamiento del problema Pregunta Objetivos Justificación y delimitación Capítulo 1: Marco teórico 3.1 Estado del arte 3.2 Traducción y tradumática en el campo de los negocios 3.3 Memorias de traducción 3.3.1 Transferencia 3.3.2 Ahorro de tiempo 3.3.3 Optimización de presupuestos 3.4 Herramientas para implementar las memorias de traducción 3.5 La traducción en Colombia 4. Capítulo 2: Marco metodológico 4.1 Tipo de investigación 4.2 Población 4.3 Muestra 4.4 Recolección de datos 4.5 Procedimientos para el procesamiento de la información 4.6 Análisis de datos 5. Capítulo 3: ConclusionesPregradoProfesional en Lenguas Moderna

The use of filtered air curtains along with antimicrobial ice improves the quality and shelf life of fresh fish in refrigerated open display cases

The shelf life of fresh chilled and ice-preserved fish is relatively short. For this reason, different techniques have been studied in order to maintain the freshness characteristics of the fish for as long as possible. The work that is now presented analyses the interest of using filtered air curtains through HEPA filters in combination with antimicrobial ice to maintain the freshness characteristics of fresh fish in open displays for longer. The sea bass preserved in the control conditions (without antimicrobial ice or air from HEPA filters) presented higher counts of Pseudomonas and total mesophilic aerobic microorganisms, than those preserved with antimicrobial ice (T1) or with control ice with a filtered air curtain (T2). We observed a synergistic effect of the use of antimicrobial ice and air curtain filtered in HEPA filters (T3), achieving a better control of the proliferation of the spoilage microbiology, and of the evolution of the freshness characteristics of the fish, in such a way that it could reach a shelf life of up to 23 days.This research was funded by European program H2020-SMEINST-08-2016-2017 (Project ICE2LAST; Grant agreement ID: 804493

Multimodal sensory reliance in the nocturnal homing of the amblypygid \u3ci\u3ePhrynus pseudoparvulus\u3c/i\u3e (Class Arachnida, Order Amblypygi)?

Like many other nocturnal arthropods, the amblypygid Phrynus pseudoparvulus is capable of homing. The environment through which these predators navigate is a dense and heterogeneous tropical forest understory and the mechanism(s) underlying their putatively complex navigational abilities are presently unknown. This study explores the sensory inputs that might facilitate nocturnal navigation in the amblypygid P. pseudoparvulus. Specifically, we use sensory system manipulations in conjunction with field displacements to examine the potential involvement of multimodal—olfactory and visual—stimuli in P. pseudoparvulus’ homing behavior. In a first experiment, we deprived individuals of their olfactory capacity and displaced them to the opposite side of their home trees (\u3c5 m). We found that olfaction-intact individuals were more likely to be re-sighted in their home refuges than olfaction-deprived individuals. In a second experiment, we independently manipulated both olfactory and visual sensory capacities in conjunction with longer-distance displacements (8 m) from home trees. We found that sensory-intact individuals tended to be re-sighted on their home tree more often than sensory-deprived individuals, with a stronger effect of olfactory deprivation than visual deprivation. Comparing across sensory modality manipulations, olfaction-manipulated individuals took longer to return to their home trees than vision-manipulated individuals. Together, our results indicate that olfaction is important in the nocturnal navigation of P. pseudoparvulus and suggest that vision may also play a more minor role

SIVA-1 regulates apoptosis and synaptic function by modulating XIAP interaction with the death receptor antagonist FAIM-L

The long isoform of Fas apoptosis inhibitory molecule (FAIM-L) is a neuron-specific death receptor antagonist that modulates apoptotic cell death and mechanisms of neuronal plasticity. FAIM-L exerts its antiapoptotic action by binding to X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), an inhibitor of caspases, which are the main effectors of apoptosis. XIAP levels are regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. FAIM-L interaction with XIAP prevents the ubiquitination and degradation of the latter, thereby allowing it to inhibit caspase activation. This interaction also modulates non-apoptotic functions of caspases, such as the endocytosis of AMPA receptor (AMPAR) in hippocampal long-term depression (LTD). The molecular mechanism of action exerted by FAIM-L is unclear since the consensus binding motifs are still unknown. Here, we performed a two-hybrid screening to discover novel FAIM-L-interacting proteins. We found a functional interaction of SIVA-1 with FAIM-L. SIVA-1 is a proapoptotic protein that has the capacity to interact with XIAP. We describe how SIVA-1 regulates FAIM-L function by disrupting the interaction of FAIM-L with XIAP, thereby promoting XIAP ubiquitination, caspase-3 activation and neuronal death. Furthermore, we report that SIVA-1 plays a role in receptor internalization in synapses. SIVA-1 is upregulated upon chemical LTD induction, and it modulates AMPAR internalization via non-apoptotic activation of caspases. In summary, our findings uncover SIVA-1 as new functional partner of FAIM-L and demonstrate its role as a regulator of caspase activity in synaptic function

SIVA-1 regulates apoptosis and synaptic function by modulating XIAP interaction with the death receptor antagonist FAIM-L

Altres ajuts: This work was funded by grants awarded by the Spanish "Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad" , the Generalitat de Catalunya, and the Fundació La Marató de TV3 (201414-30) to J.X.C. E.C. is supported by a predoctoral fellowship from the Vall d'Hebron Research Institute (VHIR). R.B. is supported by a predoctoral fellowship from the Spanish "Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad".The long isoform of Fas apoptosis inhibitory molecule (FAIM-L) is a neuron-specific death receptor antagonist that modulates apoptotic cell death and mechanisms of neuronal plasticity. FAIM-L exerts its antiapoptotic action by binding to X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), an inhibitor of caspases, which are the main effectors of apoptosis. XIAP levels are regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. FAIM-L interaction with XIAP prevents the ubiquitination and degradation of the latter, thereby allowing it to inhibit caspase activation. This interaction also modulates non-apoptotic functions of caspases, such as the endocytosis of AMPA receptor (AMPAR) in hippocampal long-term depression (LTD). The molecular mechanism of action exerted by FAIM-L is unclear since the consensus binding motifs are still unknown. Here, we performed a two-hybrid screening to discover novel FAIM-L-interacting proteins. We found a functional interaction of SIVA-1 with FAIM-L. SIVA-1 is a proapoptotic protein that has the capacity to interact with XIAP. We describe how SIVA-1 regulates FAIM-L function by disrupting the interaction of FAIM-L with XIAP, thereby promoting XIAP ubiquitination, caspase-3 activation and neuronal death. Furthermore, we report that SIVA-1 plays a role in receptor internalization in synapses. SIVA-1 is upregulated upon chemical LTD induction, and it modulates AMPAR internalization via non-apoptotic activation of caspases. In summary, our findings uncover SIVA-1 as new functional partner of FAIM-L and demonstrate its role as a regulator of caspase activity in synaptic function

Prevalencia De Alteraciones En El Desarrollo Psicomotor Para Niños De 1 Mes A 5 Años Valorados Con La Prueba EDI En Un Centro De Salud En México En El Periodo Febrero A Noviembre De 2015

Objective: To establish the prevalence of the psychomotor development alterations in children from a month old up to 5 years old tested with EDI test. Methodology: Transversal study with a non probabilistic sample of children who entered to be evaluated with EDI test for the first time in a period from February to November 2015. It took 204 evaluations through the SPSS V program. Results: 54 (26.47%) children resulted with some alert data, in which 32 (59.26%) referred lag in their development and 22 (40.74%) with risk of development delay. The rest were 150 (73.53%) tests with normal development. Conclusions: The high index of urinary tract infections during the prenatal period such as the preterm births stimulates the prevalence of psychomotor development alterations, which is why it is important the correct manage during pregnancy