Integrative Versorgungskonzepte bei seltenen Erkrankungen: Der Ansatz von Shared Care

Seltene Erkrankungen betreffen zu über 70 Prozent Kinder, sind vielfach chronisch und oft mit schweren Beeinträchtigungen der Lebensqualität oder gar tödlichem Verlauf verbunden. Seltene Erkrankungen sind nicht wirklich selten: ca. 4 Mio. Betroffene in Deutschland leiden an einer der 6000 - 8000 seltenen Erkrankungen. Für seltene Erkrankungen steht immer noch zu wenig Forschung zur Verfügung, die die Behandlung deutlich verbessern könnte. Spezialisierte Behandlungszentren stellen zwar eine hochqualifizierte Versorgung bereit, brauchen aber komplementäre Angebote in der wohnortnahen Versorgung. Der Gedanke des Shared Care verbindet Qualifikations- und Informationsanforderungen für alle Beteiligten in einem einzigen Prozess

Die Internationalisierung der Gesundheitswirtschaft: Was kommt nach Medizintechnik und Pharmaindustrie?

Die Gesundheitswirtschaft in der Bundesrepublik ist bereits stark international ausgerichtet: Medizintechnik und Pharmaindustrie tragen mit einer Exportquote von rund 60 Prozent und einem Export von etwa 46 Mrd. Euro maßgeblich zum Exporterfolg der deutschen Volkswirtschaft bei. Die Exporterfolge konzentrieren sich bislang auf die westlichen Industrieländer und könnten durch die Erschließung der großen Nachfrage in den Schwellenländern deutlich gesteigert werden. Systemlösungen und übergreifende Wertschöpfungsketten bieten die Chance, die deutsche Gesundheits-Infrastruktur zu vermarkten, und ermöglichen neue Exportchancen speziell in aufstrebenden Schwellenländern. Der Markt ausländischer Patienten ist trotz einer Steigerung der Behandlungsfälle auf rund 59.000 (2007) im Vergleich zum Export in die ausländischen Märkte ein Nischenprodukt, das sich nur für wenige Krankenhäuser mit einer gezielten internationalen Ausrichtung rechnet

First year of practical experiences of the new Arctic AWIPEV-COSYNA cabled Underwater Observatory in Kongsfjorden, Spitsbergen

A combined year-round assessment of selected oceanographic data and a macrobiotic community assess- ment was performed from October 2013 to November 2014 in the littoral zone of the Kongsfjorden polar fjord system on the western coast of Svalbard (Norway). State of the art remote controlled cabled underwater observatory technology was used for daily vertical profiles of temperature, salinity, and turbidity together with a stereo-optical assessment of the macrobiotic community, including fish. The results reveal a distinct seasonal cycle in total species abundances, with a significantly higher total abundance and species richness dur- ing the polar winter when no light is available underwater compared to the summer months when 24 h light is available. During the winter months, a temporally highly segmented community was observed with respect to species occurrence, with single species dominating the winter community for re- stricted times. In contrast, the summer community showed an overall lower total abundance as well as a significantly lower number of species. The study clearly demonstrates the high potential of cable connected remote controlled digital sampling devices, especially in remote areas, such as po- lar fjord systems, with harsh environmental conditions and limited accessibility. A smart combination of such new dig- ital “sampling” methods with classic sampling procedures can provide a possibility to significantly extend the sampling time and frequency, especially in remote and difficult to access areas. This can help to provide a sufficient data density and therefore statistical power for a sound scientific analysis without increasing the invasive sampling pressure in ecolog- ically sensitive environments

Making or breaking climate targets: The AMPERE study on staged accession scenarios for climate policy

This study explores a situation of staged accession to a global climate policy regime from the current situation of regionally fragmented and moderate climate action. The analysis is based on scenarios in which a front runner coalition -- the EU or the EU and China -- embarks on immediate ambitious climate action while the rest of the world makes a transition to a global climate regime between 2030 and 2050. We assume that the ensuing regime involves strong mitigation efforts but does not require late joiners to compensate for their initially higher emissions. Thus, climate targets are relaxed, and although staged accession can achieve significant reductions of global warming, the resulting climate outcome is unlikely to be consistent with the goal of limiting global warming to 2 degrees. The addition of China to the front runner coalition can reduce pre-2050 excess emissions by 20.30%, increasing the likelihood of staying below 2 degrees. Not accounting for potential co-benefits, the cost of front runner action is found to be lower for the EU than for China. Regions that delay their accession to the climate regime face a trade-off between reduced short term costs and higher transitional requirements due to larger carbon lock-ins and more rapidly increasing carbon prices during the accession period

Collective Action and Social Innovation in the Energy Sector: A Mobilization Model Perspective

This conceptual paper applies a mobilization model to Collective Action Initiatives (CAIs) in the energy sector. The goal is to synthesize aspects of sustainable transition theories with social movement theory to gain insights into how CAIs mobilize to bring about niche-regime change in the context of the sustainable energy transition. First, we demonstrate how energy communities, as a representation of CAIs, relate to social innovation. We then discuss how CAIs in the energy sector are understood within both sustainability transition theory and institutional dynamics theory. While these theories are adept at describing the role energy CAIs have in the energy transition, they do not yet offer much insight concerning the underlying social dimensions for the formation and upscaling of energy CAIs. Therefore, we adapt and apply a mobilization model to gain insight into the dimensions of mobilization and upscaling of CAIs in the energy sector. By doing so we show that the expanding role of CAIs in the energy sector is a function of their power acquisition through mobilization processes. We conclude with a look at future opportunities and challenges of CAIs in the energy transition.This research was conducted under the COMETS (Collective action Models for Energy Transition and Social Innovation) project, funded by the Horizon 2020 Framework Program of the European Commission, grant number 837722

Electoral System Failure in the 2017 French Elections

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