Uma Análise Comparativa de Abordagens para Extração de Redes de Colaboração Científicas

Este artigo apresenta e discute alguns trabalhos relacionados á extraçãoe consulta de informações de bibliotecas digitais com foco em análise e formação de redes de colaboração científica. Como resultado, uma análise comparativa entre estes trabalhos é apresentada, a qual evidencia questões relacionadas aos métodos de extração, modelos de dados para representação, dentre outras características

Effects of autoclaving on compressive strength of bovine bones and their use as chewing agents for dogs

This study aimed to evaluate the ef- fect of autoclave processing on compressive stress of spongy and cortical bones, and the effect of autoclaved bones as chewing agents to reduce dental calculus in adult dogs. Spongy and cor- tical bones were autoclaved (1 ATM, 30 min, and 120°C) and compressive strength was evaluated in autoclaved and raw bone specimens. Autoclaved bones were offered to ten Beagle dogs divided into two groups of 5 dogs each: Group 1 – received a portion of the autoclaved bovine cortical bone (ACB) and Group 2 – received a portion of the autoclaved bovine spongy bone (ASB). Prior to the experimental period (1-d) and every two days thereafter, oral photographs were taken on both sides of the dental arch to evaluate dental calculus reduction over time. The vestibular surface of the canines, premolars, and molars teeth was evaluated using integration software to measure the propor- tion between the area covered by calculus and the total teeth area. The effect of bone type, treatment (raw vs. autoclaved), and their interaction were evaluated using the PROC GLIMMIX procedure of SAS (version 9.4). Linear equations were gen- erated to estimate calculus reduction over time for ACB and ASB. Compressive strength was higher (P 0.05) compressive strength, regard- less of the bone type. The teeth area covered by calculus of dogs that were offered ACB reduced from 41% to 32% in 5 days, and at the end of 15 days a reduction of 62.2% was observed, re- sulting in a remaining of 15.5% of teeth area cov- ered by calculus. In this group, the dental calculus area reduced by 57.7% after 5 days, and at the end of the trial, only 5.4% of teeth were still covered by calculus, which represents a reduction of 81%. The linear regression analysis revealed no signifi- cant difference between the slopes for the ACB and ASB equations (P > 0.05). No health compli- cations such as tooth fracture, intestinal obstruc- tions, and oral lesions were observed throughout the study. Our results demonstrated that the autoclave processing did not impair compressive strength of spongy and cortical bones. This cor- roborates with the results observed in vivo, which suggests that autoclaved bones are chewing agents for adult dogs with additional benefits of lower risk of bacterial contamination

Mapping the nursing care with the NIC for patients in risk for pressure ulcer

Objective:To identify the nursing care prescribed for patients in risk for pressure ulcer (PU) and to compare those with the Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC) interventions. Method: Cross mapping study conducted in a university hospital. The sample was composed of 219 adult patients hospitalized in clinical and surgical units. The inclusion criteria were: score ≤ 13 in the Braden Scale and one of the nursing diagnoses, Self-Care deficit syndrome, Impaired physical mobility, Impaired tissue integrity, Impaired skin integrity, Risk for impaired skin integrity. The data were collected retrospectively in a nursing prescription system and statistically analyzed by crossed mapping. Result: It was identified 32 different nursing cares to prevent PU, mapped in 17 different NIC interventions, within them: Skin surveillance, Pressure ulcer prevention and Positioning. Conclusion: The cross mapping showed similarities between the prescribed nursing care and the NIC interventions.
Objetivo: Identificar os cuidados de enfermagem prescritos para pacientes em risco de úlcera por pressão (UP) e compará-los com as intervenções da Nursing Interventions Classification (NIC). Método: Estudo com mapeamento cruzado realizado em hospital universitário. A amostra constou de 219 pacientes adultos internados em unidades clínicas e cirúrgicas. Os critérios de inclusão foram: escore ≤ 13 na Escala de Braden e um dos diagnósticos de enfermagem, Síndrome do déficit do autocuidado, Mobilidade física prejudicada, Integridade tissular prejudicada, Integridade da pele prejudicada, Risco de integridade da pele prejudicada. Os dados foram coletados retrospectivamente em sistema de prescrição de enfermagem e analisados estatisticamente e por mapeamento cruzado. Resultados: Identificou-se 32 diferentes cuidados de enfermagem para prevenção de UP, mapeados em 17 diferentes intervenções NIC, dentre elas: Supervisão da pele, Prevenção de úlcera por pressão e Posicionamento. Conclusão: O mapeamento cruzado apontou semelhança entre os cuidados de enfermagem prescritos e as intervenções NIC.


Objetivo: Identificar los cuidados de enfermería prescritos para pacientes con riesgo de úlceras por presión (UPP) y compararlos con las intervenciones de la Clasificación de Intervenciones de Enfermería(NIC). Método: Estudio con mapeo cruzado en el hospital universitario. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 219 pacientes adultos internados en unidades médico-quirúrgicas. Los criterios de inclusión fueron: puntuación ≤ 13 en la escala de Braden y uno de los siguientes diagnósticos de enfermería: Síndrome de déficit de autocuidado, Deterioro de la movilidad física, deterioro de la integridad tisular, deterioro de la integridad cutánea, riesgo de deterioro de la integridad cutánea. Los datos fueron recolectados retrospectivamente en el sistema de prescripción de enfermería y analizados estadísticamente y con mapeo cruzado. Resultados: Se identificaron 32 cuidados de enfermería distintos para la prevención de las UPP, mapeados en 17 intervenciones NIC diferentes, entre ellas: Supervisión de la piel, Prevención de úlceras por presión y Posiciones corporales. Conclusión: El mapeo cruzado mostró similitud entre los cuidados de enfermería y las intervenciones NIC.


Effect of progesterone on Candida albicans biofilm formation under acidic conditions: a transcriptomic analysis

Supplementary material related to this article can be found, in the online version, at doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmm.2020.151414.Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) caused by Candida albicans is a common disease worldwide. A very important C. albicans virulence factor is its ability to form biofilms on epithelium and/or on intrauterine devices promoting VVC. It has been shown that VVC has a hormonal dependency and that progesterone affects virulence traits of C. albicans cells. To understand how the acidic environment (pH 4) and progesterone (either alone and in combination) modulate C. albicans response during formation of biofilm, a transcriptomic analysis was performed together with characterization of the biofilm properties. Compared to planktonic cells, acidic biofilm-cells exhibited major changes in their transcriptome, including modifications in the expression of 286 genes that were not previously associated with biofilm formation in C. albicans. The vast majority of the genes up-regulated in the acidic biofilm cells (including those uniquely identified in our study) are known targets of Sfl1, and consistently, Sfl1 deletion is herein shown to impair the formation of acidic biofilms (pH4). Under the acidic conditions used, the presence of progesterone reduced C. albicans biofilm biomass and structural cohesion. Transcriptomic analysis of biofilms developed in the presence of progesterone led to the identification of 65 down-regulated genes including, among others, the regulator Tec1 and several of its target genes, suggesting that the function of this transcription factor is inhibited by the presence of the hormone. Additionally, progesterone reduced the susceptibility of biofilm cells to fluconazole, consistent with an up-regulation of efflux pumps. Overall, the results of this study show that progesterone modulates C. albicans biofilm formation and genomic expression under acidic conditions, which may have implications for C. albicans pathogenicity in the vaginal environment.This work was supported by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under the scope of the strategic funding of UID/BIO/04469/2019 unit and BioTecNorte operation (NORTE-01-0145- FEDER-000004) funded by the European Regional Development Fund under the scope of Norte2020 – Programa Operacional Regional do Norte. Funding received by iBB–Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences from FCT (UID/BIO/04565/2013), from Programa Operacional Regional de Lisboa 2020 Project No. 007317 is also acknowledged. Support from FCT to NAP through the doctoral program Applied and Environmental Microbiology (PD/BD/143026/2018) is also acknowledged. B. Gonçalves is recipient of a PhD grant supported by FCT (SFRH/BD/111645/2015). G. Butler was supported by Science Foundation Ireland (12/IA/1343).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Palynological characterization of species of Verbenaceae J. St.-Hil. and Lamiaceae Martinov (Lamiales Bromhead)

Clerodendrum splendens A. Chev., Clerodendrum x speciosum Tiej. & Binn, Clerodendrum thomsonae Balf. F., Clerodendrum ugandense L., Congea tomentosa Roxb., Duranta erecta L., Petrea volubilis L. and Petrea volubilis f. albiflora (Standl.) Standl. pollen grains were acetolyzed, photographed and measured under light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Values presented are averages in micrometers. Grains are monads, radially symmetrical, isopolar, large (C. ugandense, very large, C. tomentosa, small-medium and D. erecta, medium),tricolpate (P. volubilis f. albiflora, dimorphic grains with 3-4 colpus). Ambitus is circular (C. tomentosa and D. erecta, sub-circular, P. volubilis , triangular, P. volubilis f. albiflora, triangular-quadrangular). The form is oblate-spheroidal (C. splendens, C. x speciosum, C. ugandense), prolate-spheroidal (C. thomsonae), prolate (C. tomentosa), suboblate (D. erecta) and oblate (P. volubilis, P. volubilis f. albiflora). Exine thickness is in C. splendens 4,28, C. x speciosum 4,19, C. ugandense 4,33, C. thomsonae 4,18, C. tomentosa 1,4, D. erecta 1,55, P. volubilis 2,49, P. volubilis f. albiflora 2,68. Ornamentation is micro-echinate (C. splendens, C. x speciosum, C. thomsonae), echinate (C. ugandense), reticulate (C. tomentosa), psilate (D. erecta, P. volubilis, P. volubulis f. albiflora). Duranta and Petrea are close to Verbenaceae pattern, Congea to Lamiaceae and Clerodendrum loosely to Lamiaceae

Assessing the implications of mycotoxins on productive efficiency of broilers and growing pigs

The effects of mycotoxins on the productive performance of growing pigs and broilers were evaluated using meta-analytical approach. Two databases were constructed: (1) Broilers, with information collected from 51,497 birds and published in 158 scientific papers from 1980 to 2016; and (2) Pigs, with information collected from 7,743 animals and published in 72 scientific papers from 1980 to 2015. The meta-analyses were performed independently for each specie, following three sequential analyses: graphical, correlation, and variance-covariance. Broilers and pigs challenged by mycotoxins reduced (p < 0.05) feed intake by 9 and 6 %, weight gain by 15 and 11 %, and feed efficiency by 6 and 4 % compared with non-challenged animals, respectively. Aflatoxins were the most studied mycotoxins in both databases. Birds and pigs challenged by aflatoxins reduced (p < 0.05) feed intake by 10 and 8 %, growth by 15 and 11 %, and feed efficiency by 6 and 7 % compared to non-challenged animals, respectively. In both databases, variation on growth performance due to mycotoxins showed a linear relationship (p < 0.05) with the feed intake variation caused by the challenge. The intercepts of the regression-based equations were different from zero and negative, which may indicate that mycotoxins altered the maintenance requirements in challenged animals. In conclusion, both broilers and growing pigs show losses in performance responses and worse nutritional efficiency when challenged by mycotoxins

Pacientes com câncer gástrico submetidos à gastrectomia: uma revisão integrativa.

Estudo que teve por objetivos analisar a produção científica sobre pacientes com câncer gástrico submetidos à gastrectomia e descrever aspectos importantes às orientações de enfermagem a esses pacientes. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa com consulta às bases de dados Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) e Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE), analisando-se 22 artigos. Os estudos transversais retrospectivos foram os mais frequentes e a produção científica de enfermagem numericamente pequena em relação à área médica. Concluiu-se que as abordagens relacionadas ao pré e pós-operatório na gastrectomia para ressecção de câncer gástrico subsidiam o conhecimento de questões imprescindíveis para que a enfermeira promova intervenções eficientes para a recuperação desses pacientes. Há necessidade de mais estudos sobre a atuação da enfermagem nas orientações dessa cirurgia

Suppression of endogenous lipogenesis induces reversion of the malignant phenotype and normalized differentiation in breast cancer

Altres ajuts: We are greatly indebted to Prof. Robert A. Weinberg (Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA) for providing the HMLERshCntrol and HMLERshEcad cells used in this work. Plan Nacional de I+D+I, Spain and the Departament d'Economia I Coneixement, Catalonia, Spain to Javier A. Menendez. Elisabet Cuyàs is the recipient of a "Sara Borrell" post-doctoral contract (CD15/00033, Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo, Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria -FIS-, Spain).The correction of specific signaling defects can reverse the oncogenic phenotype of tumor cells by acting in a dominant manner over the cancer genome. Unfortunately, there have been very few successful attempts at identifying the primary cues that could redirect malignant tissues to a normal phenotype. Here we show that suppression of the lipogenic enzyme fatty acid synthase (FASN) leads to stable reversion of the malignant phenotype and normalizes differentiation in a model of breast cancer (BC) progression. FASN knockdown dramatically reduced tumorigenicity of BC cells and restored tissue architecture, which was reminiscent of normal ductal-like structures in the mammary gland. Loss of FASN signaling was sufficient to direct tumors to a reversed phenotype that was near normal when considering the development of polarized growth-arrested acinar-like structure similar to those formed by nonmalignant breast cells in a 3D reconstituted basement membrane in vitro. This process, in vivo, resulted in a low proliferation index, mesenchymal-epithelial transition, and shut-off of the angiogenic switch in FASN-depleted BC cells orthotopically implanted into mammary fat pads. The role of FASN as a negative regulator of correct breast tissue architecture and terminal epithelial cell differentiation was dominant over the malignant phenotype of tumor cells possessing multiple cancer-driving genetic lesions as it remained stable during the course of serial in vivo passage of orthotopic tumor-derived cells. Transient knockdown of FASN suppressed hallmark structural and cytosolic/secretive proteins (vimentin, N-cadherin, fibronectin) in a model of EMT-induced cancer stem cells (CSC). Indirect pharmacological inhibition of FASN promoted a phenotypic switch from basal- to luminal-like tumorsphere architectures with reduced intrasphere heterogeneity. The fact that sole correction of exacerbated lipogenesis can stably reprogram cancer cells back to normal-like tissue architectures might open a new avenue to chronically restrain BC progression by using FASN-based differentiation therapies