GRB Observed by IBIS/PICsIT in the MeV Energy Range

We present the preliminary results of a systematic search for GRB and other transients in the publicly available data for the IBIS/PICsIT (0.2-10 MeV) detector on board INTEGRAL. Lightcurves in 2-8 energy bands with time resolution from 1 to 62.5 ms have been collected and an analysis of spectral and temporal characteristics has been performed. This is the nucleus of a forthcoming first catalog of GRB observed by PICsIT.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures. Poster presented at COSPAR 2008. Advaces in Space Research, accepted for publicatio

DEMOCRATIZING BIOETHICS. ONLINE PARTICIPATION AND THE LIFE SCIENCES

Bioethics has historically taken up the challenge of creating an arena for the adjudication of permissibility claims for practices in the broad field of the Life Sciences. Long-standing academic arguments have thus managed to percolate into proper political debates and actual policy-making. With the pressing urge to democratize politics overall, the ways in which bioethical issues have been and still are officially discussed have been thoroughly contested. A number of solutions to the alleged lack of transparency, inclusiveness and accountability in bioethical decision-making have been suggested. Some of these solutions resorted to ICTs for their implementation. However it is unclear, so far, exactly to what extent these initiatives have been able to recruit proper participation, foster reasoned deliberation, and, most importantly, cast politically legitimate decisions. Democratizing Bioethics tackles the unresolved issues of political legitimacy that underlie the current approach to deliberative public engagement initiatives for science policy-making. In doing so, it provides a political framework in which to test political theories supposed to apply to the political management of moral disagreement. Furthermore, it articulates and defends an actual political theory\u2014moderate epistocracy for online deliberation\u2014as a proper political means to deal with disagreement that is essentially moral arising from scientific and technical progress. Finally, the theory is preliminarily empirically tested via a tool for online direct competent participation

Gestational diabetes: An overview with attention for developing countries

AbstractGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as a glucose intolerance that occurs for the first time or it is first identified during pregnancy. The GDM etiology is multifactorial. It has not completely been established yet and several known risk factors may contribute to its onset. To date, there are no shared guidelines on the management and follow-up, especially regarding the low-income countries. In this paper, we describe the state of art about epidemiology, physiopathology, diagnosis, and management of GDM. Moreover, we focus on the current state in low income countries trying to outline basis for further research

Strategies for Retaining Employees for Call Centers

Voluntary employee turnover has several adverse consequences for call center managers, including lowered productivity and decreased profitability. The purpose of this descriptive multiple case study was to explore strategies used to reduced voluntary employee turnover among 2 call center managers in the southern United States. These managers had been recommended by the human resource directors of the organizations because of their implementation of strategies to reduce voluntary employee turnover. The conceptual framework for this study was Herzberg\u27s motivation-hygiene theory. Data were collected from semistructured face-to-face interviews and employee handbooks. The data analysis consisted of compiling the data, disassembling the data into common codes, reassembling the data into themes, interpreting the meaning, and reporting the themes. The use of member checking and methodological triangulation increased the trustworthiness of the study. Themes that emerged were job satisfaction, employee compensation, opportunity and advancement, reward and recognition, and employee engagement. Recommendations for action include selecting strategies for reducing voluntary employee turnover and using the strategies to improve the commitment of the workers. The findings from this study may contribute to social change by providing strategies that call center managers can use to reduce voluntary employee turnover, thereby positively improving the standard of living for families, and strengthening community wealth and well-being

New insights on metal allergy in total joint arthroplasty

Metal allergy is an uncommon and not completely understood cause of failure in total joint arthroplasty (TJA). However, either immunopathology neither histologic studies clarified the mechanisms through which the metal ions could lead to the complications related to them. The lack of evidence around this topic also reflects the difficulties to diagnose the MRP in TJA. In fact, the diagnosis is generally based on the exclusion of other causes. Currently, skin-patch testing and lymphocyte transformation test (LTT) are being commonly used to investigate about metal hypersensitivity and a delayed type-IV hypersensitivity is the immuno-histologic response to metals involved in TJA loosening. A review of the recent publications about this topic has been made focusing on immunology, histopathology, and clinics to better understand a still debated topic in orthopedic practice

The Views of Non-Psychiatric Medical Specialists about People with Schizophrenia and Depression

This study explored the views of non-psychiatric medical specialists about people with schizophrenia and depression and examined whether specialists’ approach to these clients, and their perception of dangerousness and social distance, differed by disorder. Non-psychiatric medical specialists working in community centers in Italy read either a schizophrenia or depression description and then completed a questionnaire on their views about people with that disorder. The schizophrenia-group (N=114) was more sure than the depression-group (N=97) that the patients should be approached differently in outpatient specialized clinics like those where the respondents worked; are incapable of caring for their open health; and are kept at distance by others. Perceived dangerousness did not significantly differ between the two groups. These findings highlight the potential effects of attitudes on medical practice and outline the need to educate non-psychiatric medical specialists on stigma as a strategy to reduce health discrepancies, particularly toward people diagnosed with schizophrenia

Learning curve and global benchmark values of laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: results of first 100 cases of a newly trained surgeon in an Italian center of excellence

To evaluate whether the learning curve for sleeve gastrectomy could be completed after 50 cases. First 100 patients undergoing LSG under a newly trained laparoscopic surgeon were included in this study and divided into two groups of 50 consecutive patients each. Perioperative outcomes were compared to recently introduced global benchmarks. Short-term weight loss was calculated as Total Weight Loss Percent (%TWL) and complications were classified in accordance with the Clavien–Dindo classification. CUSUM analysis was performed for operative time and hospital stay. Mean preoperative age and BMI were 41.8 ± 10.3 years and 42.9 ± 5.4 kg/m2, respectively. Demographics and rate of patients with previous surgery were comparable preoperatively in the two groups. Mean operative time was 92.1 ± 19.3 min and hospital stay was 3.4 ± 0.6 days as per our standard protocol of discharge. Uneventful postoperative course was recorded in 93% of patients and only one case of staple line leak was registered in the first 50 cases (group 1). No statistical difference in BMI and %TWL was found between the two groups at any time of follow-up. Comparison between two groups showed a significant reduction in hospital stay and operative time after the first 50 LSGs (p < 0.05). LSG can be performed by newly trained surgeons proctored by senior tutors. At least 50 cases are needed to meet global benchmark cut-offs and few more cases may be required to reach the plateau of the learning curve

Ten-Year Results of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy: Retrospective Matched Comparison with Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding—Is There a Significant Difference in Long Term?

Background: The laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) is the most common bariatric procedure performed worldwide while the laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) has been almost abandoned. Aim of this study was to retrospectively assess 10-year outcomes of LSG through a matched comparison with LAGB. Materials and Methods: Retrospective search of prospectively maintained database of our university was carried out to find all patients that underwent LSG before December 2010. Each subject with LSG was matched one-to-one with a patient that had undergone LAGB in the same period with correspondent preoperative age, BMI, and sex. Results: A total of 76 patients underwent LSG before 2010 and were all included in this study; a matched group of 76 out of 178 LAGB patients with 10-year follow-up was retrieved from our database. Comparison between the two groups showed better outcomes after LSG at 1 and 5 years but weight loss was comparable with the LAGB group at 10 years (%TWL 22.2 ± 13 vs 21.2 ± 16.1; p = 0.89). No significant difference was found in conversion/removal rate (15.8% vs 18.4%; p = 0.67). Conclusion: LSG is an effective stand-alone bariatric procedure with better outcomes than LAGB in medium term, but results are comparable at 10 years. Subjects undergoing LSG should be informed that conversion to RYGB or OAGB may be necessary to achieve further weight loss or to treat reflux. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Impact of COVID-19 Lockdown on Short-term Weight Loss in a Single Italian Institution

Italy was the first European country to have a major outbreak of COVID-19. Bariatric procedures were stopped and telemedicine had to be implemented. A large percentage of patients struggled to follow postoperative diet and to start physical activity due to social restrictions. We have compared short-term outcomes of patients who had bariatric procedures prior to lockdown with subjects that had undergone obesity surgery in the same period of the previous year at our institution. A total number of 63 patients were included in this study. Weight loss at 1, 3 and 6 postoperative months in the 2019 group was significantly higher at any point of follow-up when compared to 2020. Social limitations and nonattendance of clinical appointments may have compromised early results. Graphical Abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]