Adopting E-Commerce to users’ needs

The objectives of this paper are to identify and analyse the extent to which the site is fulfilling all the user’s requirements and needs. The related works comprise the history of interactive design and the benefits of user-centered development, which is the methodology followed in this survey. Moreover, there is a brief comparison between Waterfall and User-centered methodology in terms of addressing the issues of time saving and addressing fulfilment of users’ needs. The data required to conduct this study was acquired using two research methods; the questionnaire and direct user observation, in order to address all the performance related attributes in the usability stage of the evaluation. An evaluation of the website, based on statements of usability goals and criteria, was undertaken in relation to the implementation and testing of the new design. JARIR bookstore website was chosen as a case study in this paper to investigate the usability and interactivity of the website design. The analysis section includes needs, users and tasks and data analysis, whereas the design phase covers the user interface and database design. At the end of this paper, some recommendations are presented regarding JARIR website that can be taken into account when developing the website in the future

A Framework for Creativity in Search Results

Although trying to define creativity has been a hot area of research in many fields, the field of information retrieval has remained under developed. Over the report we attempt to define a structural definition of creativity which could be applied to search results in order to aid users in their creative endeavours. After defining creativity for search, we have then devised a simple metric based upon it, to show that there is a need for this research. The results, whilst positive, could be interpreted as a poor definition of creativity, and as such this is a sounding paper for future work

Dynamic tracking of functional gene modules in treated juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Background We have previously shown that childhood-onset rheumatic diseases show aberrant patterns of gene expression that reflect pathology-associated co-expression networks. In this study, we used novel computational approaches to examine how disease-associated networks are altered in one of the most common rheumatic diseases of childhood, juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Methods Using whole blood gene expression profiles derived from children in a pediatric rheumatology clinical trial, we used a network approach to understanding the impact of therapy and the underlying biology of response/non-response to therapy. Results We demonstrate that therapy for JIA is associated with extensive re-ordering of gene expression networks, even in children who respond inadequately to therapy. Furthermore, we observe distinct differences in the evolution of specific network properties when we compare children who have been treated successfully with those who have inadequate treatment response. Conclusions Despite the inherent noisiness of whole blood gene expression data, our findings demonstrate how therapeutic response might be mapped and understood in pathologically informative cells in a broad range of human inflammatory diseases

Dopamine and Glutamate in Antipsychotic-Responsive Compared With Antipsychotic-Nonresponsive Psychosis: A Multicenter Positron Emission Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study (STRATA)

The variability in the response to antipsychotic medication in schizophrenia may reflect between-patient differences in neurobiology. Recent cross-sectional neuroimaging studies suggest that a poorer therapeutic response is associated with relatively normal striatal dopamine synthesis capacity but elevated anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) glutamate levels. We sought to test whether these measures can differentiate patients with psychosis who are antipsychotic responsive from those who are antipsychotic nonresponsive in a multicenter cross-sectional study. 1H-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) was used to measure glutamate levels (Glucorr) in the ACC and in the right striatum in 92 patients across 4 sites (48 responders [R] and 44 nonresponders [NR]). In 54 patients at 2 sites (25 R and 29 NR), we additionally acquired 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[18F]fluoro-L-phenylalanine (18F-DOPA) positron emission tomography (PET) to index striatal dopamine function (Kicer, min−1). The mean ACC Glucorr was higher in the NR than the R group after adjustment for age and sex (F1,80 = 4.27; P = .04). This was associated with an area under the curve for the group discrimination of 0.59. There were no group differences in striatal dopamine function or striatal Glucorr. The results provide partial further support for a role of ACC glutamate, but not striatal dopamine synthesis, in determining the nature of the response to antipsychotic medication. The low discriminative accuracy might be improved in groups with greater clinical separation or increased in future studies that focus on the antipsychotic response at an earlier stage of the disorder and integrate other candidate predictive biomarkers. Greater harmonization of multicenter PET and 1H-MRS may also improve sensitivity

A Framework for Creativity in Search Results

Although trying to define creativity has been a hot area of research in many fields, the field of information retrieval has remained under developed. Over the report we attempt to define a structural definition of creativity which could be applied to search results in order to aid users in their creative endeavours. After defining creativity for search, we have then devised a simple metric based upon it, to show that there is a need for this research. The results, whilst positive, could be interpreted as a poor definition of creativity, and as such this is a sounding paper for future work

The pataphysics of creativity: developing a tool for creative search

We introduce the idea of a new kind of web search tool that uses the literary and philosophical idea of pataphysics as a conceptual framework in order to return creative results. Pataphysics, the science of exceptions and imaginary solutions, can be directly linked to creativity and is therefore very suitable to guide the transformation from relevant into creative search results. To enable pataphysical algorithms within our system we propose the need for a new type of system architecture. We discuss a component-based software architecture that would allow the flexible integration of the new algorithms at any stage or location and the need for an index suitable to handle patadata, data which have been transformed pataphysically. This tool aims to generate surprising, novel and provocative search results rather than relevant ones, in order to inspire a more creative interaction that has applications in both creative work and learning context

Molecular landscape and functional characterization of centrosome amplification in ovarian cancer.

Funder: NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (BRC-1215-20014). Ovarian Cancer Action (grant number 006).High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is characterised by poor outcome and extreme chromosome instability (CIN). Therapies targeting centrosome amplification (CA), a key mediator of chromosome missegregation, may have significant clinical utility in HGSOC. However, the prevalence of CA in HGSOC, its relationship to genomic biomarkers of CIN and its potential impact on therapeutic response have not been defined. Using high-throughput multi-regional microscopy on 287 clinical HGSOC tissues and 73 cell lines models, here we show that CA through centriole overduplication is a highly recurrent and heterogeneous feature of HGSOC and strongly associated with CIN and genome subclonality. Cell-based studies showed that high-prevalence CA is phenocopied in ovarian cancer cell lines, and that high CA is associated with increased multi-treatment resistance; most notably to paclitaxel, the commonest treatment used in HGSOC. CA in HGSOC may therefore present a potential driver of tumour evolution and a powerful biomarker for response to standard-of-care treatment.We acknowledge funding and support from Cancer Research UK, and the Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre: A22905 (C.M.S., J.B.D.); A25177 (M.A.V.R), A25117 (K.H.). L.M.G. was supported by the Wellcome Trust PhD programme in Mathematical Genomics and Medicine (grant number RG92770). This research was also supported by the Ovarian Cancer Action (grant number 006; I.A.M.), and the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (BRC-1215-20014). Work in the Cancer Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory/Blood Processing Laboratory was supported by the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Centre and the Mark Foundation Institute for Integrated Cancer Medicine. The views expressed are those of the authors and not necessarily those of Cancer Research UK, the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Molecular landscape and functional characterization of centrosome amplification in ovarian cancer

Funder: NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre (BRC-1215-20014). Ovarian Cancer Action (grant number 006).High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is characterised by poor outcome and extreme chromosome instability (CIN). Therapies targeting centrosome amplification (CA), a key mediator of chromosome missegregation, may have significant clinical utility in HGSOC. However, the prevalence of CA in HGSOC, its relationship to genomic biomarkers of CIN and its potential impact on therapeutic response have not been defined. Using high-throughput multi-regional microscopy on 287 clinical HGSOC tissues and 73 cell lines models, here we show that CA through centriole overduplication is a highly recurrent and heterogeneous feature of HGSOC and strongly associated with CIN and genome subclonality. Cell-based studies showed that high-prevalence CA is phenocopied in ovarian cancer cell lines, and that high CA is associated with increased multi-treatment resistance; most notably to paclitaxel, the commonest treatment used in HGSOC. CA in HGSOC may therefore present a potential driver of tumour evolution and a powerful biomarker for response to standard-of-care treatment