Early Neolithic burials from Grumăzeşti-Deleni (Neamţ County, Romania)

Human skeletal remains of at least three individuals were unearthed during excavations at the Early Neolithic site of Grumăzeşti – Deleni in northeast Romania (Moldova region) between 1968 and 1978. They comprise the articulated skeleton of an adult buried in a crouched position (M1), and the disarticulated remains of another adult and a juvenile found together in another part of the site and interpreted by the principal excavator, S. Marinescu-Bîlcu, as a disturbed burial (referred to here as M2/ 1– 2). The human remains are described and analysed in terms of state of preservation, age-at-death, sex, stature and pathology. Results of radiocarbon dating and carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of bone collagen from M1 and radiocarbon dates on herbivore bones from the site are presented and discussed.Cercetările arheologice din situl de la Grumăzeşti – Deleni din nordul României, realizate între 1968 și 1978, au pus în evidența existența unor resturi osteologice umane de la cel puțin trei indivizi. Primul dintre aceștia, M1, era reprezentat de un schelet în conexiune anatomică, descoperit în poziția chircit pe partea stângă. Resturile fragmentare atribuite altor doi indivizi (denumite în acest articol M2/ 1– 2, un adult și un juvenil) provin dintr-un context diferit, fiind interpretate de autorul cercetării arheologice, S. Marinescu-Bîlcu drept un mormânt deranjat de o amenajare ulterioară. Lucrarea de față face o analiză descriptivă a stării de conservare a resturilor osteologice, determinarea vârstei, sexului și staturii, precum și a patologiilor identificate pe resturile osteologice prezente. Analiza antropologică este însoțită de o discuție asupra datelor de radiocarbon realizate pe probe prelevate de la M1 și două erbivore de talie mare. Pentru M1 au fost realizat și studiului izotopilor stabili de C și N.Diana Annamaria, Boroneanţ Adina, Bălășescu Adrian, Sava Tiberiu, Bonsall Clive. Early Neolithic burials from Grumăzeşti – Deleni, Neamţ County, Romania. In: Materiale şi cercetãri arheologice (Serie nouã), N°15 2019. pp. 15-25

Carbon accumulation rates of Holocene peatlands in central–eastern Europe document the driving role of human impact over the past 4000 years

Peatlands are one of the largest terrestrial carbon sinks on the planet, yet little is known about carbon accumulation rates (CARs) of mountainous examples. The long-term variability in the size of the associated carbon sink and its drivers remain largely unconstrained, especially when long-term anthropogenic impact is also considered. Here we present a composite CAR record of nine peatlands from central-eastern Europe (Romania and Serbia) detailing variability in rates of carbon accumulation across the Holocene. We show examples of extremely high long-term rates of carbon accumulation (LORCA >120 g C m− 2 yr− 1), indicating that at times, mountain peatlands constitute an efficient regional carbon sink. By comparing our data to modelled palaeoclimatic indices and to measures of anthropogenic impact we disentangle the drivers of peat carbon accumulation in the area. Variability in early and mid-Holocene CARs is linked to hydroclimatic controls, with high CARs occurring during the early Holocene and lower CARs associated with the transition to cooler and moister mid-Holocene conditions. By contrast, after 4000 years (calibrated) before present (yr BP) the trends in CARs indicate a divergence from hydroclimate proxies, indicating that other processes became the dominant drivers of peat CARs. We suggest that enhanced erosion following tree cover reduction as well as enhanced rates of long-distance atmospheric dust fallout might have played a role as both processes would result in enhanced mineral and nutrient supply to bog surfaces, stimulating peat land productivity. Surprisingly though, for the last 1000 years, reconstructed temperature is significantly correlated with CARs, with rising temperatures linked to higher CARs. We suggest under future climate conditions, predicted to be warmer in the region, peat growth may expand, but that this is entirely dependent upon the scale of human impact directly affecting the sensitive hydrological budget of these peatlands

Quaternary environmental evolution in the South Carpathians reconstructed from glaciokarst geomorphology and sedimentary archives

The Carpathian island-type glaciokarst has a great potential of preserving signals of past environments, archived in cave deposits like speleothems and clastic infills. We present here the geomorphology and structural control of several relict alpine caves and the surrounding glaciated marble karst in the Făgăraș Mountains. Four truncated and partially unroofed caves remained on the ridge-top of Mușeteica Mountain, above the glacial cirque, while a ponor cave that developed on the cirque bottom could be related to the Last Glacial Period. Structural measurements and cave morphology showed that the conduits formed at the intersection of foliation planes and tectonic fractures on the NE-SW and NW-SE directions. Cave development reflects three speleogenetic stages: 1) texture- and fabric-controlled dissolution and distension; 2) structurally-controlled breakdown; and 3) truncation, unroofing, and cave infilling with sediments. Slow diffuse dissolution was typical for the ridge-top caves, whereas M1 Cave developed by pressure flow

Dental Caries, Oral Health Behavior, and Living Conditions in 6-8-Year-Old Romanian School Children.

Dental caries still have a high prevalence in Romania. The aim of this paper is to determine the prevalence of caries in children (aged 6 to 8 years) correlated with individual-level predictors and socio-economic variables. A stratified, randomized nationally representative sample was established, taking into consideration the total number of preschool children and based on administrative units and residence. Self-assessment was performed by means of the Oral Health Questionnaire for Children (WHO). Examinations were conducted by 10 standardized examiners, with International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS) caries codes higher than 3 considered as dentinal caries, missing teeth as MT, and restorations as FT. DMFT and SiC indexes were calculated accordingly. The dataset for each outcome variable was analyzed by the Hurdle approach analyzed. The gender distribution was similar (47.22% male and 52.78% female), with 42.65% residing in rural areas. The mean DMFT value for the sample was 4.89 and SiC index 9.83. A negative association could be seen between DMFT and the father's level of education (β = -0.33, SE = 0.07, p < 0.01) as well as the mother's education (β = -0.25, SE = 0.07, p < 0.01). In conclusion, caries prevalence is very high in Romania as compared to the World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation for this age group in correlation with socio-economic factors and oral health behavior

Sur la synthèse de la commande des systèmes à événements discrets temporisés

Les travaux de recherche présentés dans cette thèse proposent une méthodologie de synthèse de la commande des systèmes à événements discrets temporisés permettant de calculer l'ensemble de toutes les lois de commande telles que le fonctionnement du système respecte les spécifications imposées par le cahier des charges. Notre approche associe la capacité de modélisation de l'outil réseau de Petri T-temporel à la puissance d'analyse des automates temporisés. Dans un premier temps, le système à commander est modélisé par un réseau de Petri T-temporel. Ensuite on construit l'automate temporisé qui modélise le comportement de ce réseau de Petri T-temporel. Les comportements non-désirés sont modélisés par des sommets interdits. La synthèse de la commande est basée sur des techniques d'analyse d'atteignabilité spécifiques aux automates temporisés. La méthode proposée consiste à calculer des nouvelles gardes des transitions de l'automate telles que les sommets interdits ne soient jamais atteints. L'approche de synthèse de la commande présenté dans cette thèse s'adresse aux systèmes à événements discrets temporisés modélisés par des réseaux de Petri T-temporels bornés avec des contraintes temporelles spécifiées par des nombres rationnels.non disponibl

Sur la synthèse de la commande des systèmes à évènements discrets temporisés

Les travaux de recherche présentés dans cette thèse proposent une méthodologie de synthèse de la commande des systèmes à événements discrets temporisés permettant de calculer l'ensemble de toutes les lois de commande telles que le fonctionnement du système respecte les spécifications imposées par le cahier des charges. Notre approche associe la capacité de modélisation de l'outil réseau de Petri T-temporel à la puissance d'analyse des automates temporisés. Dans un premier temps, le système à commander est modélisé par un réseau de Petri T-temporel. Ensuite on construit l'automate temporisé qui modélise le comportement de ce réseau de Petri T-temporel. Les comportements non-désirés sont modélisés par des sommets interdits. La synthèse de la commande est basée sur des techniques d'analyse d'atteignabilité spécifiques aux automates temporisés. La méthode proposée consiste à calculer des nouvelles gardes des transitions de l'automate telles que les sommets interdits ne soient jamais atteints. L'approche de synthèse de la commande présenté dans cette thèse s'adresse aux systèmes à événements discrets temporisés modélisés par des réseaux de Petri T-temporels bornés avec des contraintes temporelles spécifiées par des nombres rationnels.GRENOBLE1-BU Sciences (384212103) / SudocEVRY-BU site Pelvoux (911822201) / SudocSudocFranceF

Adrenocortical carcinoma: A tumor with poor answer to classic chemotherapy

Introduction: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) represents a rare endocrine malignancy being the second most aggressive endocrine cancer after anaplastic thyroid cancer. [1]. While most of them arise sporadically, up to 15% of adult ACC patients are related to germline mutations associated with familial cancer syndromes.[1,2]. Current treatment strategies include surgery as well as systemic therapy with mitotane and chemotherapy

Istros, Black Sea Coast, Romania A geoarchaeological perspective on the location of the harbour(s)

International audienceIstros, founded during the 7th century BCE, is one of the oldest Greek colonies on the shores of the Black Sea. On the southern margin of the Danube delta, what was an ancient maritime city is now a landlocked archaeological site. Even though archaeological investigations have continued since 1914, the location of the harbour(s) remains unknown. Efforts to find a harbour are hindered by the complex geomorphological evolution of the Danube delta and by the long human occupation history of the site. However, a new perspective is offered by a geoarchaeological approach, combining coring with geophysical and archaeological investigations

Late Holocene Droughts and Cave Ice Harvesting by Ancestral Puebloans

Water availability for Native Americans in the southwestern United States during periods of prolonged droughts is poorly understood as regional hydroclimate records are scant or contradicting. Here, we show that radiocarbon-dated charcoal recovered from an ice deposit accumulated in Cave 29, western New Mexico, provide unambiguous evidence for five drought events that impacted the Ancestral Puebloan society between ~ AD 150 and 950. The presence of abundant charred material in this cave indicates that they periodically obtained drinking water by using fire to melt cave ice, and sheds light on one of many human–environment interactions in the Southwest in a context when climate change forced growing Ancestral Puebloan populations to exploit water resources in unexpected locations. The melting of cave ice under current climate conditions is both uncovering and threatening a fragile source of paleoenvironmental and archaeological evidence of human adaptations to a seemingly marginal environment

Istros (Black Sea coast, Romania) - A geoarchaeological perspective regarding the harbour(s) location

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