Variasi Komunitas Plankton dan Parameter Oseanografi di Daerah Penangkapan Ikan Pelagis di Perairan Malang Selatan, Jawa Timur

The South Malang water is a potential area as a fishing ground. The existence of various species of small pelagic fishes such as planktivores fishes are directly influenced by the growth of phytoplankton and zooplankton. Phytoplankton has an important role as the basis of the food chain in aquatic ecosystems, whereas zooplankton is its predator. The growth of phytoplankton and zooplankton is influenced by oceanography factors. This study aims to determine the variation of the plankton community and its relationship with oceanographic parameters, as well as the spatial distribution of plankton in the fishing ground at South Malang water. The purposive sampling method with zigzag technique at 10 sampling sites was used in data collection in this research. Sedwicgk rafter counting cells were used in plankton counting methods. The plankton samples were taken horizontally and vertically at depths of 1 and 15 m with a 20 μm planktonnet, while in situ oceanographic parameters were measured using aqua quality sensor AAQ type 1183 C. The results showed that phytoplankton abundance was 49.764 cells / m3, dominated by the genus Chaetoceros (Bacillariophyceae), and zooplankton abundance of 894 ind / m3, dominated by the genus Nauplius (Copepoda). The diversity index and uniformity index of phytoplankton and zooplankton could be categorized as the middle as 1.77-1.85 and 1.70-1.77; 0.58-0.59 and 0.77-0.79, respectively, while the dominance index was included in the low category that was 0.27-0.28 and 0.24-0,27, respectively. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) analysis showed that the most important major oceanographic parameters for plankton community variation were turbidity, chlorophyll-a, dissolved oxygen and phosphate. T test results show that the spatial distribution of phytoplankton abundance and zooplankton at depth of 1 m and 15 m are significantly different. This study provides important information on the plankton abundance and oceanography factors affected at fishing ground of South Malang water

Fluks Co2 di Perairan Pesisir Timur Pulau Bintan, Propinsi Kepulauan Riau

Proses pertukaran CO2  yang terjadi antara permukaan air laut dengan atmosfer merupakan aspek yang penting terhadap siklus karbon di samudera. Wilayah pesisir memiliki kontribusi besar dalam proses ini, karena kompleksnya interaksi yang terjadi antara atmosfer, daratan dan lautan. Proses penting dalam dinamika gas CO2 antara atmosfer dan air laut diawali dengan fungsi daya larut CO2 dan kecepatan transfer gas CO2 di permukaan laut atau disebut fluks CO2. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fenomena fluks CO2  antara permukaan air laut dengan atmosfer di pesisir timur Pulau Bintan beserta komponen sink dan source-nya, serta mengetahui parameter yang paling dominan terhadap proses tersebut, meliputi parameter fisika-kimia oseanografi, serta parameter sistem CO2 pada kurun waktu 16-18 Maret 2013. Permodelan OCMIP digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi nilai pCO2 air laut dalam penentuan nilai fluks CO2. Hasil analisis menunjukkan secara kesuluruhan perairan pesisir timur Pulau Bintan berperan sebagai penyerap CO2 (sink) dengan  rata-rata  emisi  CO2   dari  atmosfer  yang  masuk  ke  wilayah  permukaan  laut  sebesar  -0,43mmolC/m2/hari.  Analisis  statistik  Principal  Component  Analysis  (PCA)  menunjukkan  parameter  yangdominan terhadap perubahan nilai fluks CO2 adalah salinitas, konsentrasi Dissolved Inorganic Carbon (DIC), pCO2 air laut, serta nilai selisih tekanan parsial CO2 antara air laut dengan atmosfer (ΔpCO2). Kondisi fluks CO2  di pesisir timur Pulau Bintan lebih dipengaruhi oleh variasi musim dan dinamika oseanografi perairan Natuna serta Laut Cina Selatan dibandingkan dengan pengaruh dari daratan

Priorities to inform research on marine plastic pollution in Southeast Asia

This is the final version. Available from Elsevier via the DOI in this record. Southeast Asia is considered to have some of the highest levels of marine plastic pollution in the world. It is therefore vitally important to increase our understanding of the impacts and risks of plastic pollution to marine ecosystems and the essential services they provide to support the development of mitigation measures in the region. An interdisciplinary, international network of experts (Australia, Indonesia, Ireland, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, the United Kingdom, and Vietnam) set a research agenda for marine plastic pollution in the region, synthesizing current knowledge and highlighting areas for further research in Southeast Asia. Using an inductive method, 21 research questions emerged under five non-predefined key themes, grouping them according to which: (1) characterise marine plastic pollution in Southeast Asia; (2) explore its movement and fate across the region; (3) describe the biological and chemical modifications marine plastic pollution undergoes; (4) detail its environmental, social, and economic impacts; and, finally, (5) target regional policies and possible solutions. Questions relating to these research priority areas highlight the importance of better understanding the fate of marine plastic pollution, its degradation, and the impacts and risks it can generate across communities and different ecosystem services. Knowledge of these aspects will help support actions which currently suffer from transboundary problems, lack of responsibility, and inaction to tackle the issue from its point source in the region. Being profoundly affected by marine plastic pollution, Southeast Asian countries provide an opportunity to test the effectiveness of innovative and socially inclusive changes in marine plastic governance, as well as both high and low-tech solutions, which can offer insights and actionable models to the rest of the world.Natural Environment Research CouncilNational Research Foundation, Prime Minister’s Office (Singapore

Kecepatan Dan Presentase Infeksi Penyakit Ice-Ice Pada Kappaphycus Alvarezii Di Perairan Bluto Sumenep [Velocity and Infection Percentage of Ice-Ice Disease on Kappaphycus Alvarezii in Bluto Beach Sumenep]

Seaweed is vulnerable to be infected by disease due to unlikely environmental circumstance. This condition could cause impact on the optimum growth of seaweed. This research was carried out to understand the rate and percentage of ice-ice disease on Kappaphycus alvarezii. Seven units of seaweed rafts were used. Each of them was observed every 12 hours. Results of this research indicated that the percentage of infection was relatively higher during the day on the observation units which were located next to the shore (1,008%). Three days after the infection of ice-ice disease occurred, the mortality of Kappaphycus alvarezii was certain. Therefore, it was recommended that harvesting Kappaphycus alvarezii should be done one day after the indications of ice-ice disease were noticed

Bioaccumulation and Health Risk Assessments of Heavy Metals in Mussels Collected From Madura Strait, Indonesia

HighlightHeavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd) in the seawater, sediment, and soft part of marine mussels were analyzedBioaccumulation Factor (BAF), Estimated Daily Intake and Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) were calculatedHeavy metals in the seawater, sediment and marine mussels were found in varying concentrationsHealth risk assessment indexes showed low values which means insignificant health hazardAbstractMarine mussels are known as one of the biological indicators of heavy metals pollution in the aquatic environment and the sources of protein for human consumption. This study aimed to investigate the concentration of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, and Cd) in the seawater, sediment, and soft parts of the marine mussels (Perna viridis, Meretrix sp., and Anadara granosa), as well as to evaluate its health risk of consumption from Madura Strait, Indonesia. The seawater, sediment, and marine mussels were obtained from four sites and heavy metal concentrations were analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. In the seawater, heavy metals were in the order of Cu, Pb, Cd, and Zn from the highest to the lowest concentration respectively, while they went down in the order of Zn, Cu, Pb, and Cd in the sediment respectively. Excluding the Pb, higher Cu and Zn concentrations were observed in marine mussels than in seawater and sediments (BAF> 1). Furthermore, it was proven that Cu and Zn were considered as essential metals and required for metabolism, while Pb and Cd were non-essential metals which their biological functions were unknown. The Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) of the marine mussels was lower than the oral reference dose (ORD) and low values of target hazard quotient (THQ < 1) had shown that the consumption of mussels containing heavy metals would not cause significant health risks to humans. The health risk assessment indexes showed low values, which meant insignificant health hazard. However, long-term exposure and the impact of consuming mussels containing heavy metals may require additional investigatio

A global Continuous Plankton Recorder programme

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A global continuous plankton recorder programme

Plankton are the main food source in the majority of marine ecosystems and have a crucial role in climate change through primary production and the export of carbon to the deep ocean. Understanding how ocean biology and biogeochemical cycles contribute and respond to climate and other global change is a major challenge of high significance for the future of mankind. Given their importance it is a major concern that, with the exception of data collected by the Continuous Plankton Recorder (CPR) survey, our knowledge of plankton at ocean scales and over time is still rudimentary. Using ships of opportunity, the CPR survey has sampled the plankton for more than 75 years in the North Atlantic, aided more recently by sister surveys in Southern Ocean, North Pacific and Australasian waters. Monitoring plankton variability over large areas of oceanic and coastal water with the CPR is efficient and cost effective and is a powerful, proven tool for detecting and predicting oceanic impacts of both global and climate change. There is an urgent need to improve global coverage of plankton and provide data for modelling. To address this need we propose the development and implementation of an integrated and appropriately funded global CPR programme linked to SOOP/VOS. Our vision is to build regional surveys with common standards for sampling, analysis, data processing and sample storage that generate compatible and freely exchangeable data. It is envisaged that the resulting global network, of preferably instrumented CPR routes, would be closely associated with other traditional and new plankton sampling and analysing technologies, plus remote sensing and the Global Tracking Network (GTN). To develop this network it is proposed that SAHFOS should have a central role as a ‘Centre of Excellence’ for coordination, training and quality control, as well as the production of indicators, habitat niche modelling and other global outreach products