COVID-19: The Immune Responses and Immunotherapy

The protective role of the host's immune response during SARS-CoV2 infection has become a critical issue in the absence of specific treatment, preventive vaccine, or immunotherapy. During SARS-CoV-2 infection, the immune response would contribute to the host's defense in the majority of cases, but is responsible for its pathogenesis in some patients. Thus, a better understanding of the immune response during human infection with Sars-cov-19 is important to optimize therapeutic and vaccine strategies. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge about the innate and adaptive immune responses elicited by SARSCoV-2 infection, the immune pathways that likely contribute to disease severity and death, and clinical trials for treatment of Covid-19 by immunotherapy

Locally spectrally bounded linear maps

summary:Let ${\mathcal L}({\mathcal H})$ be the algebra of all bounded linear operators on a complex Hilbert space ${\mathcal H}$. We characterize locally spectrally bounded linear maps from ${\mathcal L}({\mathcal H})$ onto itself. As a consequence, we describe linear maps from ${\mathcal L}({\mathcal H})$ onto itself that compress the local spectrum

Multi-end functionalised polymer additives synthesised by living anionic polymerisation-the impact of additive molecular structure upon surface properties

Numerous applications require specific properties at polymer surfaces that differ from the bulk. Herein we describe the novel synthesis of a series of multi-end functionalised poly(styrene) and poly(isoprene) additives carrying 1 to 3 fluoroalkyl (CF) groups. The additives were prepared by endcapping the living chain ends of polymers prepared via living anionic polymerisation. The resulting polymers have been used as additives to render the surface of polymer films hydrophobic/lipophobic and we have characterised these polymer films using static contact angle measurements with water as the contact fluid. We have found that the additive molecular weight, the number of CF groups, additive concentration and annealing conditions have a significant impact upon the resulting surface properties. Increasing the additive concentration and/or number of CF groups resulted in higher contact angles whereas increasing the molecular weight of additive reduced contact angles and surface hydrophobicity. It has been discovered that these additives undergo rapid adsorption to the surface of a thin film in the time taken to produce the film by spin coating and the result is significantly enhanced surface properties. Annealing polystyrene films above the glass transition temperature revealed some interesting behaviour in so much that it demonstrated that on many occasions it is preferable to anneal films containing very small quantities of additive rather than to simply add greater quantities of additive. In addition to contact angles measurements, Rutherford backscattering (RBS) analysis has been carried out on examples of modified poly(isoprene) films to quantitatively analyse the effect of additive molecular weight and number of fluoroalkyl groups on the near surface elemental composition of the modified thin films and confirming the relationship (described above) between these additive molecular parameters and surface adsorption. Finally, we have described a model which compares the behaviour of the additives in thin films to surfactants in solution

On some hereditary properties of Riemannian g-natural metrics on tangent bundles of Riemannian manifolds

AbstractIt is well known that if the tangent bundle TM of a Riemannian manifold (M,g) is endowed with the Sasaki metric gs, then the flatness property on TM is inherited by the base manifold [Kowalski, J. Reine Angew. Math. 250 (1971) 124–129]. This motivates us to the general question if the flatness and also other simple geometrical properties remain “hereditary” if we replace gs by the most general Riemannian “g-natural metric” on TM (see [Kowalski and Sekizawa, Bull. Tokyo Gakugei Univ. (4) 40 (1988) 1–29; Abbassi and Sarih, Arch. Math. (Brno), submitted for publication]). In this direction, we prove that if (TM,G) is flat, or locally symmetric, or of constant sectional curvature, or of constant scalar curvature, or an Einstein manifold, respectively, then (M,g) possesses the same property, respectively. We also give explicit examples of g-natural metrics of arbitrary constant scalar curvature on TM

Critical components identification based on experience feedback data in the framework of PHM

International audiencePreventive maintenance is recognized nowadays as a way of addressing adequately industrial systems or assets health management problem. To this end, approaches such as prognostics and health management (PHM) are being developed by researchers to support making predictive maintenance decisions by relaying on quantitative indicators such as remaining useful life (RUL); that is basically the projected time to failure of a given system. In general, an industrial system is composed of many components which failure may lead to the failure of the system; so that identification of such components which are referred to as critical components, constitute therefore an important stake. The process of identifying such components is based on many methods encountered in the literature among which experience feedback is drawing more and more attention of researchers because of, among other reasons, the fact that companies dispose nowadays of huge amount of functioning data of their systems. The aim of this paper is to develop a methodology based on experience feedback to identify critical components of a given industrial system. The proposed methodology will be applied to a real world case in broadcast industry to show its feasibility

Uncovering the Determinants of Birth Weight: An Investigation on Pregnant Women in Makassar City

Birth weight is an essential indicator in assessing a baby's health and a factor that affects the baby's long-term health. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the Body Mass Index (BMI), Hemoglobin levels, and Blood Pressure of mothers during pregnancy and to birth weight of the baby. The study used a cross-sectional survey of a group of mothers who gave birth in Makassar. The data on mothers during pregnancy was the maternal history recorded in the mother and Child Health Book (KIA). And the data on the birth weight of the baby was also from the KIA book with the support of secondary data from the Community Health Center and Midwife. The results showed that 41.7% of the low-birth-weight babies had mothers who experienced underweight during pregnancy, 83.3% of the low-birth-weight babies had mothers who experienced Anemia during pregnancy, and 66.7% of the low-birth-weight babies had mothers who experienced hypertension during pregnancy. There was a significant and close relationship between the mother's BMI, Hemoglobin levels, and Blood Pressure to the baby's birth weight. There was a meaningful relationship between the mother's Body Mass Index, Anemia, and Hypertension during pregnancy to low birth weight. Therefore, it is important to maintain a good quality of nutrition for mothers both before and during pregnancy, following Islamic teachings that Allah SWT has decreed for every pregnant woman a thousand good deeds every day and erases a thousand misdeeds as motivation to remain strong throughout the pregnancy process

Critical components identification based on experience feedback data in the framework of PHM

Preventive maintenance is recognized nowadays as a way of addressing adequately industrial systems or assets health management problem. To this end, approaches such as prognostics and health management (PHM) are being developed by researchers to support making predictive maintenance decisions by relaying on quantitative indicators such as remaining useful life (RUL); that is basically the projected time to failure of a given system. In general, an industrial system is composed of many components which failure may lead to the failure of the system; so that identification of such components which are referred to as critical components, constitute therefore an important stake. The process of identifying such components is based on many methods encountered in the literature among which experience feedback is drawing more and more attention of researchers because of, among other reasons, the fact that companies dispose nowadays of huge amount of functioning data of their systems. The aim of this paper is to develop a methodology based on experience feedback to identify critical components of a given industrial system. The proposed methodology will be applied to a real world case in broadcast industry to show its feasibility

PENGARUH PERSEPSI KUALITAS PELAYANAN DAN PERSEPSI NILAI TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN Survey Pada Pelanggan Indomaret JL. Palmerah Raya Jakarta-Barat

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah: 1) untuk mengetahui deskripsi / gambaran dari persepsi kualitas pelayanan, persepsi nilai dan kepuasan pelanggan Indomaret Palmerah, 2) Untuk menguji secara empiris pengaruh persepsi kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan Indomaret, 3) Untuk menguji secara empiris pengaruh persepsi nilai terhadap kepuasan pelanggan Indomaret, 4) Untuk menguji secara empiris pengaruh persepsi kualitas pelayaanan dan persepsi nilai secara bersama-sama tarhadap kepuasan pelanggan Indomeret. Objek penelitian ini pelanggan indomaret cabang palmerah Jakarta barat yang belanja lebih dari satu kali dalam sebulan dalam kurun waktu Mei 2013 sampai Januari 2014. Sampel yang digunakan pada penilitan ini 370 responden dan analisis penghitungan data menggunakan software SPSS 22. Hasil pengujian hipotesis menunjukkan: 1) adanya pengaruh signifikan positif dari persepsi kualitas pelayanan terhadap kepuasan pelanggan (0,442), 2) adanya pengaruh signifikan positif dari persepsi nilai terhadap kepuasan pelanggan (0,445), 3) adanya pengaruh signifikan positif dari persepsi kualitas pelayanan dan persepsi nilai terhadap kepuasan pelanggan pelanggan (0,301), (0,305). ********** The purpose of this research are: 1) to determine the description / overview of the perception of service quality, perceived value and customer satisfaction at Indomaret Palmerah, 2) To examine empirically the effect of perceptions of service quality on customer satisfaction Indomaret, 3) To examine empirically the effect of the perception of the value of the Indomaret customer satisfaction, 4) To empirically test the influence of perceptions of service quality and perceived value together towards customer satisfaction Indomeret. The research object Indomaret customers western Jakarta branch palmerah shopping more than once a month in the period from May 2013 to January 2014. Samples used in this research 370 respondents and analysis of data using SPSS software tally 22. Hypothesis testing results showed: 1) positive significant effect on the perception of service quality on customer satisfaction (0.442), 2) the existence of a significant positive influence of perceived value on customer satisfaction (0.445), 3) a positive significant effect on the perception of service quality and perceived value to the customer's customer satisfaction (0.301 ), (0.305)

Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis Siswa Sekolah Menegah Pertama Pada Model Problem Based Learning Menggunakan Google Classroom

ABSTRAK Elia Mustika Sarih. (1802585). Analisis Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Matematis Siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama Pada Model Problem Based- Learning Menggunakan Google Classroom Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama pada model Problem based-learning menggunakan google classroom. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kasus dengan teknik analisis data meliputi: reduksi data, penyajian data, penarikan kesimpulan dan verifikasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMPN 15 Kota Bandung dengan subjek penelitian siswa kelas VII. Instrumen yang digunakan berupa tes kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis dan pedoman wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis siswa yang diajarkan dengan model PBL menggunakan google classroom terdiri dari tiga kriteria yaitu siswa yang memiliki kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis tinggi, sedang, dan rendah. Secara umum siswa berada pada kriteria kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis sedang. Siswa dengan kemampuan tinggi dapat memenuhi indikator; 1) memeriksa kebenaran pernyataan; 2)menjawab disertai alasan, konsep dan aturan yang benar; 3) mengidentifikasi data yang relevan untuk menyelesaikan masalah matematika; 4) mengevaluasi kebenaran dari suatu pernyataan; 5) menyelesaikan masalah kontekstual. Siswa dengan kemampuan sedang dapat memenuhi indikator; 1) memeriksa kebenaran pernyataan; 2) mengevaluasi kebenaran dari suatu pernyataan; 3) menyelesaikan masalah kontekstual. Indikator yang perlu dikembangkan lebih lanjut yaitu memberikan jawaban disertai dengan alasaan, konsep, aturan yang tepat, serta kemampuan mengidentifikasi data yang relevan untuk menyelesaikan masalah matematika. Siswa dengan kemampuan rendah dapat memenuhi indikator; 1)menyelesaikan masalah kontekstual dan dapat menentukan nilai kebenaran suatu pernyataan. Indikator yang perlu di kembangkan yaitu; memeriksa kebenaran pernyataan; menjawab disertai alasan, konsep dan aturan yang benar; mengidentifikasi data yang relevan untuk menyelesaikan masalah matematika; mengevaluasi kebenaran dari suatu pernyataan. Kata Kunci: Kemampuan berpikir kritis matematis, Problem Based-Learning, Google Classroom. ABSTRACT Elia Mustika Sarih. (1802585). The Analysis Mathematical Critical Thinking Ability of Junior High School Students with The Problem-Based Learning Model Using Google Classroom The aim of this research is to describe junior high school student’s mathematical critical thinking ability in problem based learning models using google classrooms. This research was conducted at SMPN 15 Kota Bandung with students in class VII. The research uses case study type with inductive data analysis techniques including: data reduction, data display, conclusions and verification. The instruments used were tests of mathematical critical thinking ability and interview guidelines. The result of this study concluded that overall students' critical thinking skills consist of three criterias namely students who have a high, medium and low mathematical critical thinking ability. In general, students are in the criteria of medium criterias of mathematical critical thinking ability. Students with high abilities can complete test questions on indicator indicators; 1) statement of truth; 2) answer with the correct reasons, concepts and rules; 3) Identify relevant data to solve mathematical problems; 4) the truth of a statement; 5) resolve contextual problems. Students with medium abilities tend to be able to meet the indicators; 1) statement of truth; 2) the truth of a statement; 3) resolve contextual problems. Indicators that need to be further developed are providing answers accompanied by reasons, concepts, appropriate rules, and the ability to identify relevant data to solve mathematical problems. Students with low abilities tend to be able to meet the indicators; 1) solve contextual problems and can determine the truth of a statement. Indicators that need to be developed are checking the truth of the statement; answer with the correct reasons, concepts and rules; identify relevant data to solve mathematical problems; evaltuation he truth of a statement. Keywords: Mathematical Critical Thinking Ability, Problem Based-Learning, Google Classroom