Analysis of gas preparation processes for improvement of gas transportation technology

At production, collection and transport of low – pressure gas to deep water offshore platforms in sea conditions because of thermodynamic indices change in the system, complications are generated in connection with liquid phases – separation. These complications disturb normal operational well behavior, gas preparation unit and trunk (main) pipeline conditions. As a result of these phenomena high – volume losses of gas, gas condensate and chemical reagent take place. In the process of testing, the following process parameters were determined: pressure, gas temperature, facility performance, regeneration temperature, amount of absorbent injected into the gas flow, concentration of regenerated and saturated absorbent, dry gas dew point and so on. In the process of investigating the effect of the amount of inhibitor on the degree of corrosion prevention, hydrate formation and salt deposit at the facilities, regression equations. That is why, to guarantee uninterrupted transportation of low-pressure gas in field conditions, new methods are required for these phenomena prevention. On the basis of field study results some variants of calculation were given to increase efficiency of low-pressure gas transportation system in offshore oil and gas field’s conditions. Results of high-pressure gas optimal working pressure calculation for precipitated liquid phase displacement at low-pressure petroleum gas transportation to deepwater offshore platforms are shown in the article. As well, method for precipitated liquid phase displacement from low-pressure gas pipeline with usage of high-viscosity elastic gelling compositions on the basis of domestic petrochemical product

Adsorption device treatment of associated petroleum gas for power generation

Hydrocarbon resources were considered as the basis of Azerbaijan's energy security. Ensuring the most complete and rational use of oil-associated gas resources is important for improving the efficiency of the oil industry and the national economy as a whole. Associated gas from oil fields remains the least demanded hydrocarbon raw material. The perspectives for the use of oil-associated gas are associated with new directions in the technique and technology of its use as a result of the creation and implementation of mobile and stationary power plants that consume gas. Unlike natural gas produced from gas and gas condensate fields, propane-butanoic and pentane fractions, there are hexanes, heptane’s and heavy hydrocarbons, including aromatic and naphthene tic compounding. The properties of APG were studied in the laboratories. It is known that the composition of petroleum gas in a particular area, due to changes in the volume of its production on fields, is constantly changing, so it is necessary to periodically update characteristics. The standard technology on gas conditioning for combustion is supplemented with an operation to remove heavy fractions of hydrocarbons in order to prevent these fractions from sticking to the surfaces of these installations with plugs formation and to support optimal fuel burning conditions. The problem of using oil gas in small power must be solved through new, cost-efficient developments that will be widely used both in high-output and small fields. To prepare associated oil gases for combustion, the design of an adsorption device is proposed, which makes it possible to reduce such phenomena when using this type of fuel as the formation of oil and paraffin deposits on the design details of gas burners, the accumulation of products of incomplete combustion of fuel on the heating elements of power plants. With the help of the newly proposed adsorption plant, the process of emulsifying and transporting petroleum gases has become more efficient. The use of this device has increased economic efficienc

Development of a new technology for the fight against wax deposits

One of the most serious complications in the production, transport and treatment of oil is asphaltene-resin-paraffin deposits. Their formation in underground well equipment, as well as in flow lines, collection system pipelines increase the cost of oil production. There are no sufficiently effective reagents to solve these problems. The results of implementation in many other wells testify to the high efficiency of the new reagent. The effect of reagents on the rheological properties of oil was also studied. Sangachal Deniz oil was used as a crude oil sample. We have developed multicomponent and multifunctional reagents M-R, P-R. In addition, due to paraffin formations in the tubing, they had to change 50–60 pipes for new ones every month. As a result of the introduction of M-R reagents, no paraffin deposits were found in the tubing for almost a year The effect of these reagents on the pour point of oils, dispersion, dissolution, and paraffin deposition has been studied. The use of the new reagent was tested at the mines of the oil and gas production department (OGPD) "28 May". The results of implementation in many other wells testify to the high efficiency of the new reagent. The effect of reagents on the rheological properties of oil was also studied. Sangachal Deniz oil was used as a crude oil sample. The proposed three-parameter Herschel-Bulkley model can be used to assess the rheological parameters of oils during their transportation. This layer, of course, cannot thicken indefinitely. Highly effective multicomponent composite compositions were developed to combat complications in the production of high-asphaltene-resin-paraffin oils. As can be seen from, during the reagent dosing period, there were no particular changes in the well performance. Treatment with hot oil on certain days was, as it were, of a preventive nature, since no changes were observed in the well parameters before and after heat treatment. When a certain layer thickness is formed in the tubing, the linear velocity of oil increases and begins to wash it awa

Building a mathematical model to prevent hydrate formation in gas pipelines

Development of mathematical models of laminar gas flow in certainty and uncertainty conditions were considered. All factors that influence to character of flow of gas in pipeline and conditions of arising of hydrate inside of pipeline wall are analyzed. Results of analyze were used for development mathematical model of gas flow in pipeline that allow to calculate main parameters of hydrate deposition process. Model of gas flow consist of three non-linear differential equations that can be solved by exist soft wares. Two and three-dimension characteristic obtained, that describe of quantity of hydrate deposited at given process depending on time. Besides, the effectiveness of using DELPHI 7 software to determine the preparation of gas for transportation and the hydrates formed during transportation and its prevention based on the results of the application software was discussed. As a result, the change in cross-sectional area of the pipeline of hydrates formed on the inner surface of the pipeline is shown in 3D. Hydrate formation and elimination are visually represented by graphs. The results of theoretical and practical studies of changes in the inner surface of the pipeline depending on temperature and pressure have been identified. All this was investigated during quasi-stationary gas flow in the pipelines and the results were obtained. The assumes regarding calculation of parameters of gas flow were determined and necessary recommendations for applying of developed model in different conditions with taking account of temperature and pressure variation and depending on time of hydrate deposition were presented. The diagram of gas-hydrate separation boundary considered for detailed analysis of proces

INNOVATION IN NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC EDUCATION IN AZERBAIJAN - CREATION OF DIGITAL DVD-TUTORIALS AND ELECTRONIC THEMATIC MAPS FOR THE PC

New information technologies are now being actively used in the educational process and in development of digital training materials (DVD-tutorials, multimedia tutorials, geo-informational, digital and voice-maps in different fields of geography) in order to develop the geographical education in the innovative way.Our paper is devoted to development of digital tutorials and thematic maps in the field of national geography (physical and economic) of the Republic of Azerbaijan

Research of the technology for hydrate prevention in gas transportation system

The principal aim of natural and associated gas preparation to transportation is provision of normal transportation inside field niacin gas pipelines. Developed gas and gas condensate field, production of which consists of great amount of different aggressive admixtures and mineral salts, require efficient of natural gas for further transportation. The results of aforesaid system phase state test investigation are given in the article. Its presently at water phase and salt composition. A Principals physical and chemical factors of inhibitor composition under different proportion of components were determined under laboratory conditions. New inhibitor composition, was selected on the base of experimental investigation results there also was developed the technology of inhibitor application for gas field treatment. Since the efficiency of gas storage and transportation processes depends on the compliance of these processes with the requirements of the related equipment and relevant technologies, the operating modes of gas lift lines and compressor stations should be regularly examined. There is no doubt that the efficiency of storage and transportation of natural and associated gas is ensured at a distributed level, provided that the technological equipment is reliable, durable and operates in accordance with the requirements. One of the most important issues is to improve the used technology to prevent hydrate formation in the process of production, storage and transportation of gas condensate in complex conditions. On the basis of scientific a research and field surveys there were developed new scientific a technical measure to increase the efficiency of the installation for preparation of ga

NATIONAL GEOINFORMATION SYSTEM OF NATURAL RESOURCES OF THE AZERBAIJAN REPUBLIC FOR ENVIRONMETNTAL PROTECTION

One of the main problems of natural and economic planning of the natural and anthropogenic geosystem is the detection of urgent characteristics of various types of geosystems through application of the complex of methods of modern mathematics such as, theory of information (information-statistical methods and etc.); theory of mathematic statics (methods of factoral, regressional, correlational, component and dispersional analysis etc.); theory of linear and matrix algebra (methods of linear programming, simplex methods and etc.); theory of distribution (methods of parameters estimation of universe etc.); theory of random functions (methods of definition of probability of events etc.); theory of graphs; theory of catastrophes etc

Geo sardarova's Quick Files

The Quick Files feature was discontinued and it’s files were migrated into this Project on March 11, 2022. The file URL’s will still resolve properly, and the Quick Files logs are available in the Project’s Recent Activity

Portal hı̇pertansı̇yonu olan ve portal hı̇pertansı̇yonu olmayan hastalarda post ERCP komplı̇kasyonlarının mukayeseli değerlendı̇rı̇lmesı̇

In patients with portal hypertension (PHT) after ERCP, theoretically, the risk of infection (cholangitis, acid infection etc.) may increase due to leukopenia and leukocyte dysfunction, bleeding (endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) bleeding, bleeding after dilatation) due to thrombocytopenia and thrombocyte dysfunction, post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP) due to low effective blood volume, and bleeding due to existing gastroesophageal varices. The aim of this study is to determine whether the frequency of post ERCP complications increases in patients with PHT. 31 patients with PHT who underwent ERCP between January 2018 and June 2021 [12 F, 45.5±14.7 years, 10 PSC, 8 portal cholangiopathy, 13 parenchymal cirrhosis of various etiologies, mean MELD: 12 (6-20), 13 Child A, 17 Child B and 1 Child C] data were compared retrospectively/prospectively with 77 ERCP procedures performed in 71 hospitalized patients without PHT (39 F, 56.9±16.4 years age) who underwent ERCP. In the case group, leukocytes (median 4900 /μL x 7600 /μL), platelets (median 116000 /μL x 227000 /μL) values were lower, while INR (median 1.2 x 1.09) was higher. In both groups, the procedure was mostly performed with midazolam + meperidine anesthesia. Before the procedure, platelet support was given to 3 patients and FFP support to 2 patients in the case group. In the control group, the drugs of 11 patients using anticoagulant/antiaggregant were discontinued in an appropriate time. Patients with 'naive' papillae received 100 mg of rectal indomethacin before the procedure and Ringer Lactate infusion during and after the procedure. If the pancreatic duct was cannulated, pancreatic stent was inserted (1 and 5 patients). Cannulation success (30/31 x 71/71) was similar. ES was more common in the control group (22.6% x 60.6%, p=0.001; other patients already had ES). The rates of papilla dilatation (19.3 % x 14 %, p=0.55 ), biliary dilatation (22.6% x 9.9%, p=0.11), stone removal (38.7% x 53.5%, p=0.246), stent insertion (64.5% x 42.3 %, p=0.064) were not different. There was no vii difference in total complications (9.7% x 12.7% ) and ES bleeding (0% x 1.1%), PEP (3.2% x 4.2%) and cholangitis (6.5% x 7%), (total complication: p=1.000, type of complication: p=0.264). There was no difference between the groups in terms of the number of procedures and the presence of complications (31 patients/71 procedures, 11.3 % complication rate, 71 patients/77 procedures, 13 % complication rate, p=0.946). None of the patients had varicose bleeding and procedure-related death. The results of our study show that although the number of patients with advanced parenchymal cirrhosis is small, portal HT does not significantly increase the incidence of post ERCP complications when necessary precautions are taken.Portal hipertansiyonlu (PHT) hastalarda ERCP sonrasında teorik olarak lökopeni ve lökosit fonksiyon bozukluğu nedeniyle enfeksiyon (kolanjit, asit enfeksiyonu vb), trombositopeni ve trombosit fonksiyon bozukluğu nedeniyle kanama [endoskopik sfinkterotomi (ES) kanaması, dilatasyon sonrası kanama], efektif kan volümü azlığı nedeniyle post ERCP pankreatit (PEP) ve mevcut gastroözofageal varislerde kanama riski artabilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı PHT olan hastalarda post ERCP komplikasyon sıklığının artıp artmadığının saptanmasıdır. Ocak 2018-haziran 2021 tarihleri arasında ERCP yapılan PHT’u olan 31 hastaya [12 K, 45.5±14.7 yıl, 10 PSC, 8 portal kolanjiopati, 13 çeşitli etyolojilere bağlı parankimal siroz, ortalama MELD:12 (6-20), 13 Child A, 17 Child B ve 1 Child C] yapılan 71 işlemin verileri, hastaneye yatarak ERCP işlemi yapılan PHT’u olmayan 71 hastaya (39 K, 56.9±16.4 yıl yaş) yapılan 77 ERCP işlemi ile retrospektif/prospektif olarak kıyaslandı. Vaka grubunda lökosit (ortancası 4900 /μL x 7600 /μL), trombosit (ortancası 116000 /μL x 227000 /μL) değerleri daha düşükken, INR (ortancası 1.2 x 1.09) daha yüksekti. Her iki grupta da çoğunlukla midazolam + meperidin anestezisi ile işlem yapıldı. İşlem öncesinde vaka grubunda 3 hastaya trombosit desteği, 2 hastaya TDP desteği verildi. Kontrol grubunda antikoagülan/antiagregan kullanan 11 hastanın ilaçları uygun sürede kesildi. ‘Naive’ papillası olan hastalarda işlem öncesi 100 mg rektal indometazin ve işlem süresince ve sonrasında Ringer Laktat infüzyonu yapıldı. Pankreas kanalı kanülize edildi ise pankreatik stent takıldı (1 ve 5 hasta). Kanülasyon başarısı (30/31 x 71/71) benzerdi. ES kontrol grubunda daha fazla yapıldı (% 22.6 x % 60.6, p=0.001; diğer hastalar zaten ES’li idi). Papilla dilatasyonu (% 19.3 x % 14, p=0.55), biliyer dilatasyon (% 22.6 x % 9.9, p=0.11), taş çıkartılması (% 38.7 x % 53.5, p=0.246 ), stent takılması (% 64.5 x % 42.3, p=0.064) oranları farklı değildi. Toplam komplikasyon (% 9.7 x % 12.7) ve ES kanaması (%0 x % 1.1), PEP (% 3.2 x % 4.2) ve kolanjit (% 6.5 x % 7) açısından fark yoktu (total v komplikasyon: p=1.000, komplikasyon türü: p=0.264). İşlem sayı ve komplikasyon varlığı (31 hasta/71 işlem, %11.3 komplikasyon oranı, 71 hasta/77 işlem, %13 komplikasyon oranı, p=0.946) açısından değerlendirildikte de gruplar arasında fark yoktu. Hiçbir hastada varis kanaması ve işleme bağlı ölüm olmadı. Çalışmamızın sonuçları, ileri evre parankimal sirozu olan hasta sayımız az olmakla beraber, gerekli tedbirler alındığında portal HT’un post ERCP komplikasyon sıklığını belirgin olarak artırmadığını göstermektedir