Criminal compliance como instrumento de tutela ambiental : a propósito da responsabilidade penal de empresas

Este trabalho pretende confirmar se os programas de criminal compliance podem ser considerados instrumentos jurídicos de proteção ambiental. Para tanto, busca fundamentação no entorno destes mecanismos, a partir dos motivos que deram causa ao seu surgimento, dos seus objetivos no âmbito da responsabilidade penal de entes coletivos, destacando quais organizações (privadas e/ou públicas) têm condições de implementá-los e quais não estão aptas, dos seus limites de alcance judicial em função dos diferentes modelos de responsabilização criminal de empresas, bem como dos requisitos para que sejam considerados programas efetivos na prevenção de riscos gerados pelas próprias empresas e no fomento da ética. Estes requisitos são analisados de forma individualizada no trabalho, com o escopo de identificá-los, na medida do possível, com medidas de cunho ecológico. Pontos de encontro entre os programas de criminal compliance com as técnicas de proteção ecológica são pesquisados nos fatores que lhes deram origem e nas consequências da sua implementação, no intuito de justificar a correlação com a proteção do ambiente - notadamente no que diz com o fenômeno da autoregulação (como uma das causas) e com a constatação de que as empresas podem servir como meio de disseminação da conscientização ambiental, especialmente através das arestas de desenvolvimento da própria ética empresarial (como uma das consequências).The aim of this work is to assess whether criminal compliance programs can be considered legal instruments for environmental protection. In order to do so, it searches justifications in the foundations of criminal compliance programs, analyzing: the background that led to their development; their goals within the criminal liability of collective entities, highlighting the types of organizations (private and/or public) that are able to implement them and those that cannot; the range of their judicial reach depending on different models of corporate criminal liability; and the requirements to consider this type of programs effective in the prevention of risks generated by companies themselves, as well as in the promotion of business ethics. The analysis of these requirements is undertaken individually, to allow for the identification, as far as possible, with ecologically oriented measures. Points of synergy between criminal compliance programs and environmental protection techniques are researched in the origins of these instruments, as well as in the consequences of their implementation. Special attention is devoted to the self-regulation phenomenon (as a cause) and to the fact that companies can serve as means to spread environmental awareness, especially through the development of their own business ethics (as a consequence)

Community Intervention in Elderly Population: a Fall Prevention Project

The data collected was used for the production of epidemiological indicators, structure, process, and results. It is suggested to continue the project for one year, covering a larger sample and subsequent evaluation, and the creation of indicators for informal care providers

Community Intervention in Elderly Population: a Fall Prevention Project

The data collected was used for the production of epidemiological indicators, structure, process, and results. It is suggested to continue the project for one year, covering a larger sample and subsequent evaluation, and the creation of indicators for informal care providers

Reptile species composition in the Middle Gurguéia and comparison with inventories in the eastern Parnaíba River Basin, State of Piauí, Brazil

The reptile diversity of the Middle Gurguéia River Basin in southern Piauí, Brazil, is little known. The rapid expansion of agriculture in the region is converting the Cerrado and Caatinga into large farming areas, which threatens biodiversity and hastens its loss. In this study, 68 specimens of reptiles from a university collection were examined, comprising 29 species: ten lizards, one amphisbaenian, 15 snakes, two turtles and one crocodilian. They were collected from five locations in the Middle Gurguéia Basin, a region not previously evaluated for reptiles. The most abundant species is a member of Tropidurus. Comparison with eight other areas in the eastern Parnaíba Basin indicated that the diversity of reptiles in the Middle Gurguéia is similar to that in other Caatinga-Cerrado ecotone areas. The reptile assemblage in the eastern Parnaíba Basin comprises 100 species of reptiles: 39 lizards, five amphisbaenians, 50 snakes, four chelonians and two crocodilians. This study expanded the known distributions of some reptiles and recorded the first occurrence of Helicops leopardinus (Schlegel, 1837) for Piauí. A cluster analysis showed that the reptile composition concords with the habitat where species were found, i.e. Cerrado, Caatinga or ecotone. Studies that associate habitat structure with each species are essential to propose efficient strategies for reptile management and conservation for the entire Parnaíba River Basin, mostly in areas that are not yet protected

Influence of self-perceived oral health and socioeconomic predictors on the utilization of dental care services by schoolchildren

The influence of socioeconomic factors and self-rated oral health on children's dental health assistance was assessed. This study followed a cross-sectional design, with a multistage random sample of 792 12-year-old schoolchildren from Santa Maria, a city in southern Brazil. A dental examination provided information on the prevalence of dental caries (DMFT index). Data about the use of dental service, socioeconomic status, and self-perceived oral health were collected by means of structured interviews. These associations were assessed using Poisson regression models (prevalence ratio; 95% confidence interval). The prevalence of regular use of dental service was 47.8%. Children from low socioeconomic backgrounds and those who rated their oral health as "poor" used the service less frequently. The distribution of the kind of oral healthcare assistance used (public/private) varied across socioeconomic groups. The better-off children were less likely to have used the public service. Clinical, socioeconomic, and psychosocial factors were strong predictors for the utilization of dental care services by schoolchildren

THE TEACHING OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE TO DEAF STUDENTS IN REMOTE EDUCATION: CHALLENGES AND INCLUSION

Undergraduate final work entitled THE TEACHING OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE TO DEAF STUDENTS IN REMOTE EDUCATION: challenges and inclusion, is the result of undergraduate research linked to the English Language Course at the Universidade Federal do Pará. The research aimed to investigate the challenges faced by English language teachers in teaching deaf students during remote education, describing what institutional support EL teachers had during the pandemic, the research methodology involved bibliographic research bringing as theoretical segments the Declaration of Salamanca (1994), the Lei da Libras (2002), Skliar (1998), Santos (2020), Spasiani (2018), Tavares and Oliveira (2022), and others, and field research, of the case study type with an approach qualitative, having EL teachers as research subject, from BBS and Leandro Lobão schools, in Bragança-Pará, to collect data an online questionnaire was used. The results showed that the lack of institutional support to assist and train teachers to teach these students in the pandemic were the main challenges encountered.

The Comprehension of the Sexuality of the Brazilian and Portuguese Elderly, in the Nursing Consultation Context

This present study aims to describe, understand and discuss subjectivity and intersubjectivity between nurses and clients in the educational action sexuality of the elderly in the context of the nursing consultation. The relevance was to listen to the elderly and nurses in the mentioned countries, with the intention of promoting reflections and probable changes of sharing, sharing experiences of the existing cultural plurality. It is a qualitative research, founded without theoreticalmethodological reference of the sociological phenomenology of Alfred Schutz. Participated 41 elderlies and 26 nurses. The scenarios were the HESFA- Brazil and the IPG -Portugal, in accordance with the ethical criteria, National Health Council, resolution 466/12. Resulted in concrete categories of lived that revealed the "reasons-why" of the elderly and nurses. Therefore, the absence of intention demonstrates the need to discuss the subject in theory since graduation and, in the practical field, in nursing consultations

Effect of high pressure processing on a functional acorn beverage

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mini Exame do Estado Mental : revisão de pontos de corte ajustados para a escolaridade em uma grande amostra do sul do Brasil

The increase in life expectancy can influence the prevalence of dementias in the population. Instruments that evaluate cognitive functions such as the Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) are necessary for the investigation of dementia. The supposition that patient score on the MMSE can be influenced by academic level points to the need for establishing cut-off values that take into account educational level. The aim of this study was to review MMSE cut-off values adjusted for schooling in a large southern Brazilian sample. Method: Demographic data and MMSE scores of 968 subjects, of which 162 were dementia patients and 806 healthy participants, were analyzed. The sample was grouped according to education. The cut-off values were established by ROC Curve analysis. Results: The total sample mean age was 70.6±7.3 years, and the mean years of education was 7.2±5.3. The cut-off score of 23 points (sensitivity=86%, specificity=83%) was observed as the optimal level to detect dementia on the MMSE instrument for the overall sample. Regarding level of schooling, the cutoff values were: 21 for the illiterate group (sensitivity=93%, specificity=82%), 22 for the low education group (sensitivity=87%, specificity=82%), 23 for the middle education group (sensitivity=86%, specificity=87%) and 24 for the high education group (sensitivity=81%, specificity=87%). Conclusions: The cut-off values revealed by this analysis, and adjusted for level of schooling, can improve the clinical evaluation of cognitive deficits.A elevação da expectativa de vida pode influenciar na prevalência das demências na população. Instrumentos que avaliem as funções cognitivas, como o Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM), são necessários para a investigação de demência. A suposição de que o resultado do MEEM de um paciente pode ser influenciado pelo nível de escolaridade demonstra a necessidade do estabelecimento de pontos de corte que levem em consideração a escolaridade. O objetivo deste estudo foi revisar os pontos de corte do MEEM ajustados para a escolaridade em uma grande amostra do sul do Brasil. Método: Dados demográficos e escores do MEEM de 968 indivíduos, 162 pacientes com demência e 806 participantes saudáveis foram analisados. A amostra foi agrupada de acordo com a educação. Para estabelecer os pontos de corte foi utilizada a Curva ROC. Resultados: A média de idade da amostra total foi 70,6±7,3 e a média de anos de estudo foi 7,2±5,3. O ponto de corte 23 (sensibilidade=86%), (especificidade=83%) foi o ponto que melhor detectou demência na amostra total. Considerando o nível de escolaridade, os pontos de corte foram: 21 no grupo de analfabetos (sensibilidade=93%, especificidade=82%), 22 no grupo de baixa escolaridade (sensibilidade=87%, especificidade=82%), 23 no grupo de média escolaridade (sensibilidade=86%, especificidade=87%) e 24 no grupo de alta escolaridade (sensibilidade=81%, especificidade=87%). Conclusões: Os pontos de corte, quando se considera a escolaridade, podem aperfeiçoar a avaliação clínica dos déficits cognitivos

Contracting behaviour in three species of Phyllomedusa (Anura: Hylidae: Phyllomedusinae)

We report in the present study the occurrence of contracting defensive behaviour in three treefrogs of the genus Phyllomedusa: P. azurea, P. iheringii and P. tetraploidea. It consisted of limbs bent close to the body, dorsum arched with the head towards the belly, and eyes partially closed. This behaviour was previously unreported for P. iheringii and P. tetraploidea and it seems to be a passive defensive strategy against snakes or other predators, characteristic of phyllomedusine frogs.Fil: Borteiro, Claudio. Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Montevideo; UruguayFil: Baldo, Juan Diego. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Nordeste. Instituto de Biología Subtropical. Instituto de Biología Subtropical - Nodo Posadas; ArgentinaFil: Kunz, Tobias Saraiva. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Perez, Renata. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Petry Eltz, Rodrigo. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul; BrasilFil: Kolenc, Francisco. Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Montevideo; Urugua