La urbanización que tuerce el modus vivendi de la avifauna

El proyecto pretende dar a conocer cómo la urbanización ha afectado a las diferentes especies de aves en los últimos veinte años en el AMG, por medio de una investigación que cruza el crecimiento de la urbe en relación con los cambios en los hábitos alimenticios, el comportamiento, las adaptaciones o la migración de aquéllas. El producto que comunicará los resultados de esta investigación es un libro de relatos, cuyos narradores serán las propias aves, con la finalidad de darles voz y sensibilizar al lector sobre este problema.ITESO, A.C

Aerodynamic Performance and Static Stability and Control of Flat-Top Hypersonic Gliders at Mach Numbers from 0.6 to 18

A study is made of aerodynamic performance and static stability and control at hypersonic speeds. In a first part of the study, the effect of interference lift is investigated by tests of asymmetric models having conical fuselages and arrow plan-form wings. The fuselage of the asymmetric model is located entirely beneath the wing and has a semicircular cross section. The fuselage of the symmetric model was centrally located and has a circular cross section. Results are obtained for Mach numbers from 3 to 12 in part by application of the hypersonic similarity rule. These results show a maximum effect of interference on lift-drag ratio occurring at Mach number of 5, the Mach number at which the asymmetric model was designed to exploit favorable lift interference. At this Mach number, the asymmetric model is indicated to have a lift-drag ratio 11 percent higher than the symmetric model and 15 percent higher than the asymmetric model when inverted. These differences decrease to a few percent at a Mach number of 12. In the course of this part of the study, the accuracy to the hypersonic similarity rule applied to wing-body combinations is demonstrated with experimental results. These results indicate that the rule may prove useful for determining the aerodynamic characteristics of slender configurations at Mach numbers higher than those for which test equipment is really available. In a second part of the study, the aerodynamic performance and static stability and control characteristics of a hypersonic glider are investigated in somewhat greater detail. Results for Mach numbers from 3 to 18 for performance and 0.6 to 12 for stability and control are obtained by standard text techniques, by application of the hypersonic stability rule, and/or by use of helium as a test medium. Lift-drag ratios of about 5 for Mach numbers up to 18 are shown to be obtainable. The glider studied is shown to have acceptable longitudinal and directional stability characteristics through the range of Mach numbers studied. Some roll instability (negative effective dihedral) is found at Mach numbers near 12

El conflicto entre la educación pública y los colegios católicos

Esta investigación nos lleva por un recorrido sobre la Guerra Cristera, sobre todo en el segundo periodo, de 1934 a 1938, cuando la educación se convierte en el asunto principal de este conflicto entre el Estado y la Iglesia católica. Se describirán las causas que provocó esta batalla donde las armas no tienen lugar, en cambio los libros son la principal herramienta de cambio para educar las mentes de los niños y jóvenes tapatíos con estudios socialistas, quitando cualquier doctrina religiosa, con el propósito de que la educación sea un parteaguas para el crecimiento laboral y social del país

Mindfulness y educación. Beneficios y aplicaciones educativas de la atención plena y su relación con el bachillerato internacional

El presente trabajo explora el fenómeno contemporáneo del mindfulness, así como sus posibles aplicaciones educativas, tanto en centros educativos en los que se implementan los programas curriculares de la Organización del Bachillerato Internacional (IBO) como en los que no. Con este objetivo se abordan principalmente tres aspectos: en primer lugar, el propio concepto de mindfulness, sus orígenes y algunas consideraciones de carácter ético. En segundo lugar, la relación entre mindfulness y educación y las evidencias científicas sobre los beneficios de la atención plena en contextos educativos. Y, en tercer lugar, la relación entre la filosofía educativa del Bachillerato internacional y las aplicaciones educativas de la atención plena. El trabajo concluye que, sin lugar a dudas, el mindfulness tiene mucho que aportar a la educación.This study explores the contemporary phenomen a of mindfulness and its potential applications in education, both in schools which implement the International Baccalaureate (IB) curriculum and schools that do not. With this goal, three main aspects are covered: first, t he concept of mindfulness itself, its origins and some other ethical considerations. Second, the connection bet ween mindfulness and education and the scientific evidence about how mindfulness can make a difference in educational contexts. And third, the compatibility between the education philosophy of the International Baccalaureate and the potential applications of mindfulness in education. The study concludes that, without question, mindfulness is set to make an outstanding contribution to education

Abundancia y distribución espacio temporal del Playerito occidental Calidris mauri (Charadriiformes: Scolopacidae) invernante en Marismas Nacionales, Nayarit-Sinaloa, México

El Playerito occidental (Calidris mauri) es el ave playera más abundante en el corredor migratorio del Pacífico. Esta especie ha sido estudiada en diferentes puntos de la Península de Baja California y la costa de Sinaloa. Sin embargo, no se han realizado trabajos en sitios más sureños, como Marismas Nacionales (MN). En el estudio presente determinamos la distribución espacio temporal de la especie en MN (septiembre 2013-marzo 2014), mediante conteos mensuales. MN fue utilizada por al menos 30,000 individuos, el sitio más relevante fue laguna El Chumbeño (57% de registros totales). Las aves arribaron a MN en octubre, tres meses después que en otros sitios del noroeste mexicano, esto en relación con el elevado nivel de agua ocasionado por las lluvias inmediatas anteriores. Se presentó una relación positiva entre la abundancia de la especie de interés en los sitios con la superficie húmeda, y negativa con el área cubierta por vegetación. Las abundancias mayores se presentaron de octubre a enero y descendieron a partir de febrero, dada la migración primaveral y la desecación de sitios de alimentación.Western Sandpiper (Calidris mauri) is the most abundant shorebird along the Pacific flyway. This shorebird has been studied in different points of the Baja California Peninsula and the coast of Sinaloa. However, no studies have been conducted in southern sites, like Marismas Nacionales (MN). In the present study we determinate the temporal and spacial distribution of the specie in MN in September 2013 to March 2014. We conducted monthly counts and determinate that MN was used for at least 30,000 individuals, and El Chumbeño was the most relevant site (57% of total registers). Western Sandpiper arrived to MN mainly in October, and after three months compare to other sites along the Mexican western region, this related to the high level caused by the previous immediate rains. A positive relationship was presented between abundance of the specie with wet surface at sites and negative with vegetation area covered. The highest abundances were present between October and January, and descended in February, attributed to the beginning of spring migration and the desiccation of feeding sites

Steady-State 3D Trapping and Manipulation of Microbubbles Using Thermocapillary

[EN] An experimental and theoretical study on the 3D trapping and manipulation of microbubbles by means low power laser-induced temperature gradients induced in ethanol by bulk light absorption (¿ 1550 nm) is presented. Two optical fibers were used: One for bubble generation (OFG) and the other for both trapping and manipulation (OFT). Light from a Q-switched pulsed laser (¿ 532 nm and pulse width ¿p 5 ns) propagates in fiber OFG and gets absorbed at silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), previously photodeposited, at the distal end of a fiber optic core, generating the microbubbles. In the fiber OFT, light of low power CW laser was used to trap and manipulate the bubbles by thermocapillary induced by light bulk absorption in ethanol. The microbubble generated on OFG migrates toward the fiber OFT. The equilibrium between the buoyancy force FB, drag force FD and the Marangoni force (also known as thermocapillary force) FM gives rise to a 3D stably trapping and manipulation of the microbubble for the best time to our best knowledge.This work was supported by CONACyT through the grant number A1-S-28440.Muñoz-Pérez, FM.; Ortega-Mendoza, JG.; Padilla-Vivanco, A.; Toxqui-Quitl, C.; Sarabia-Alonso, J.; Ramos-García, R. (2020). Steady-State 3D Trapping and Manipulation of Microbubbles Using Thermocapillary. Frontiers in Physics. 8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2020.585590

Photocurrent-detected 2D electronic spectroscopy reveals ultrafast hole transfer in operating PM6/Y6 organic solar cells

The performance of nonfullerene-acceptor-(NFA)-based organic solar cells is rapidly approaching the efficiency of inorganic cells. The chemical versatility of NFAs extends the light-harvesting range to the infrared, while preserving a considerably high open-circuit- voltage, crucial to achieve power-conversion efficiencies >17%. Such low voltage losses in the charge separation process have been attributed to a low-driving-force and efficient exciton dissociation. Here, we address the nature of the subpicosecond dynamics of electron/hole transfer in PM6/Y6 solar cells. While previous reports focused on active layers only, we developed a photocurrent-detected two-dimensional spectroscopy to follow the charge transfer in fully operating devices. Our measurements reveal an efficient hole-transfer from the Y6- acceptor to the PM6-donor on the subpicosecond time scale. On the contrary, at the same time scale, no electron-transfer is seen from the donor to the acceptor. These findings, putting ultrafast spectroscopy in action on operating optoelectronic devices, provide insight for further enhancing NFA solar cell performance.This research received funding from the Clean Planet Program supported by Fundació Joan Ribas Araquistain (FJRA) and the Ignite program (Q-SPET) supported by the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology. N.F.v.H. acknowledges the financial support by the European Commission (ERC Advanced Grant 670949-LightNet and Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agree- ment No 713729), the Ministry of Science & Innovations (“Severo Ochoa” program for Centers of Excellence in R&D CEX2019-000910-S and Plan Nacional PGC2018-096875−B- I00), the Catalan AGAUR (2017SGR1369), Fundació Privada Cellex, Fundació Privada Mir-Puig and the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA program. J.M. and F.B. acknowledge the financial support by the European Commis- sion (grant 951843), Spanish Ministry MINECO and FEDER (grant MAT2017-89522-R), the Severo Ochoa program (Grant SEV-2015-0522) and “Agencia Estatal de Investiga- ción” (Grant PRE2018-084881). E.C. acknowledges the financial support of the H2020 FET Project COPAC (766563).Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Bayesian estimation of incomplete data using conditionally specified priors

In this paper, a class of conjugate prior for estimating incomplete count data based on a broad class of conjugate prior distributions is presented. The new class of prior distributions arises from a conditional perspective, making use of the conditional specification methodology and can be considered as the generalisation of the form of prior distributions that have been used previously in the estimation of in- complete count data well. Finally, some examples of simulated and real data are given