2,097 research outputs found

    The Contribution of Nintendo Wii® in children’s motricity

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    The increasingly visible sedentarism in the children of our current society is a problem that has been worrying the Childhood Educators. Taking into account the advancement of technology and the fact that children in today's activity rooms are considered as Digital Natives, we intend to introduce the Nintendo Wii® into the motor activities developed by children in order to verify their contribution to children's motor skills. To this end, the objectives of this study focused on the promotion of digital resources in activities related to motor expression; the analysis of the effect of the practice of motor activities performed with Nintendo Wii® and the identification of changes in children's motor development, namely in the analyzed variables, balance, laterality, body notion and global praxia, resulting from practice in the environment virtual. The present investigation was developed in the Supervised Practice in Pre-School Education, in a group of children between the ages of 4 and 5 years. In this investigation the qualitative and quantitative paradigm was combined. A mixed qualitative approach was also developed, combining action research and exploratory case study, due to the uniqueness of the study. For the collection of data, several instruments and techniques were used: participant observation, field notes, audiovisual media, BPM, semistructured interview and questionnaire surveys. The implementation was developed in seven sessions, in which the children of the experimental group used the Nintendo Wii® and its accessories (Wii Remote and Balance Board). After the due analysis of all the collected data, we can conclude that the Nintendo Wii® contributes significantly in the children's motricity, that is, in the improvement of motor skills. It is noteworthy that the accomplishment of motor activities with the Nintendo Wii® generated in the children spontaneous collaborative spirit; healthy competition, because what mattered was the accomplishment of motor activities and not exactly the gain of points, and the punctuation emerged as a motivating element in terms of people, giving rise to greater feelings of selfesteem.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    Relação entre os distúrbios e factores psicológicos e as disfunções temporomandibulares: uma revisão bibliográfica

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    Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciada em FisioterapiaObjectivo: O objectivo desta revisão bibliográfica foi verificar a existência de uma relação entre os distúrbios e factores psicológicos e as disfunções temporomandibulares. Metodologia: Foi realizada uma revisão bibliográfica, pesquisando artigos que relacionassem distúrbios psicológicos ou alterações emocionais com as disfunções temporomandibulares nas bases de dados Pubmed, Elsevier e Science Direct através da B-on. Foram apenas incluídos artigos datados entre 2003 e 2013, que fossem de carácter observacional, quasi-experimental ou experimental em português e inglês, que estivessem de acordo com o objectivo de estudo. Foram excluídos artigos que apresentassem uma amostra com participantes menores de 16 anos e aos quais não era permitido acesso ao texto integral. Resultados: Foram obtidos 292 artigos dos quais foram seleccionados 7 para integrar esta revisão, com um total de 956 participantes. Dos 7 artigos, 5 relacionavam a depressão com disfunção temporomandibular, 1 relacionou a ansiedade e o último relacionou ambas. Conclusão: Foram encontradas relações significantes entre os distúrbios psicológicos e a disfunção temporomandibular em todos os estudos analisados. Objective: The aim of this bibliographic review was to verify the existence of a relationship between psychological disorders and temporomandibular disorders. Methods: A bibliographic review was performed, researching articles that related psychological or emotional disorders with temporomandibular disorders in the databases Pubmed, Elsevier and Science Direct through B-on. Were included only articles dated between 2003 and 2013, that were observational, quasi-experimental or experimental in portuguese and english, that were in agreement with the purpose of the study. Articles that presented a sample of participants younger than 16 years and those who didn't allow access to the full text, were excluded. Results: 292 articles were obtained of which were selected 7 articles to integrate this review, with a total of 956 participants. Of the 7 articles included, 5 related depression with temporomandibular disorders, 1 related anxiety and the last one related both. Conclusion: It is confirmed the relationship between psychological and temporomandibular disorders

    Simulation and development of paper-based actuators

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    Soft robots have become an attractive research topic for opening new doors for robots' limitations by being flexible, light, and small and with the ability to have an adaptable shape. An essential component in a soft robot is the soft actuator, which provides the system with a deformable body and allows it to interact with the environment to achieve the desired actuation pattern. Among the various materials used in soft actuators, paper-based actuators have special attention because paper is an abundant, lightweight, and biodegradable material. This work illustrates an insight into the soft actuators field and focuses on developing unique paper-based actuators applying the microwave heat for a liquid-vapor phase transition, in this case, water. This document focuses on the study of different designs, materials, and thick-nesses by changing the paper, elastomer, and double-sided tape.Os robôs flexíveis tornaram-se um tópico de pesquisa atraente por abrirem novas portas para as limitações dos robôs por serem flexíveis, leves e pequenos e com a capacidade de ter uma forma adaptável. Um componente essencial em um robô flexível é o atuador flexível, que fornece ao sistema um corpo deformável e permite que este interaja com o ambiente para atingir o movi-mento desejado. Dos vários materiais usados em atuadores flexíveis, os atuadores baseados em papel têm especial atenção porque o papel é um material abundante, leve e biodegradável. Este trabalho ilustra uma visão da área de atuadores flexíveis e foca no desenvolvimento de atuadores únicos baseados em papel , aplicando o calor de microondas para uma transição de fase líquido-vapor, neste caso, água. Este documento mostra o estudo de diferentes designs, ma-teriais e espessuras, alterando o papel, elastómero e fita dupla-face

    Alterations at the blood-brain barrier and brain parenchyma along brain metastasization of breast cancer

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    Tese de mestrado, Ciências Biofarmacêuticas, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Farmácia, 2016Despite the restricted permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the brain is a privileged organ regarding the appearance of metastases, particularly from breast cancer. Patients with brain metastases from breast cancer have a severe prognosis, rendering this issue a serious oncologic problem that deserves further attention. Therefore, additional studies are required to establish when breast cancer cells cross the brain endothelium and what are the routes used for the transendothelial migration, to understand what is their precise phenotype along the processes of transmigration and establishment of brain metastases, to determine the alterations occurring in brain endothelium, to study how endothelial cells communicate with malignant ones to promote the attraction of malignant cells into the brain vasculature and tumour-associated vascular development. Based on this, we aimed at establishing the temporal profile of breast cancer metastasization to the brain and characterize the metastasizing cells phenotype, as well as, to investigate the vascular events and BBB properties along the process of metastasization to this target organ. In addition, we aimed to assess signalling mechanisms involved in attraction of carcinoma cells into the brain and proliferation in the nervous tissue. To establish the temporal evolution of the players involved in such processes, we used cerebella, cranial hippocampi, and striata of female mice inoculated with 4T1 breast cancer cells sacrificed at 5 hours, 3 days, 7 days or 10 days, and of female mice injected with vehicle (control) sacrificed at 5 hours. Our results showed the presence of brain metastasis of breast cancer at 7-days after inoculation, which increased thereafter. The malignant cells crossed the BBB as mesenchymal cells and, once inside the brain, these cells underwent a complete or partial mesenchymal-epithelial transition to acquire the epithelial characteristics that allow the establishment of new tumours. In addition, the process of brain metastasization of BC contributed to the downregulation of the tight junction protein claudin-5 of brain microvascular endothelial cells, as well as to the entrance of the blood-borne component thrombin in brain parenchyma. On the other hand, hypervascularization in cranial hippocampus appeared to be associated to the process of brain colonization by breast cancer cells. Regarding the role of platelet-derived growth factor B signalling along the process of brain metastasization, we found that this growth factor was expressed by tumour cells and its expression increased during the formation of brain metastasis. Interestingly, a continuous entrance of cysteine-X amino acid-cysteine receptor 4 (CXCR4)-positive cells into the brain parenchyma appeared to occur along the process of brain metastasization of breast cancer. In sum, this study contributes to clarify the time-course and interdependence of the signalling events, BBB breach and phenotypic transition of malignant cells along endothelial transposition and brain metastases establishment by breast cancer cells. Moreover, the demonstration of early cellular and molecular events points to novel targets for modulation in order to prevent metastasis formation and development.Apesar da barreira hematoencefálica (BHE) ter uma permeabilidade restrita, o cérebro é um órgão preferencialmente afetado pelo aparecimento de metástases, particularmente de cancro mama. Pacientes com metástases cerebrais provenientes do cancro da mama têm um prognóstico severo, tornando a metastização num sério problema oncológico que merece toda a atenção. Por este motivo, novos estudos são necessários para estabelecer quando é que as células cancerígenas da mama atravessam o endotélio cerebral e quais são as vias que utilizam para migrarem através do endotélio, para se perceber qual o fenótipo que têm ao longo dos processos de migração para dentro do encéfalo e durante o estabelecimento de metástases, para determinar as alterações que ocorrem no endotélio cerebral, para estudar como as células endoteliais comunicam com as células malignas para promover a atracão das células cancerígenas da mama para a vasculatura do encéfalo e o desenvolvimento vascular associado ao tumor. Com base nisto, tivemos com objetivos estabelecer o perfil temporal da metastização do cancro da mama para o encéfalo e caracterizar o fenótipo destas mesmas células, assim como, estudar as alterações vasculares e as propriedades da BHE ao longo do processo de metastização para este órgão secundário. Para além disso, também pretendíamos avaliar os mecanismos de sinalização envolvidos na atracão das células tumorais para o encéfalo e na proliferação no tecido nervoso. Para estabelecer a evolução temporal dos intervenientes envolvidos em tais processos, utilizámos cerebelos, hipocampos craniais e estriados de ratinhos fêmea inoculados com células cancerígenas da mama 4T1 sacrificados às 5 horas, 3 dias, 7 dias, ou 10 dias, e de ratinhos fêmea injetados com veículo (controlo) sacrificados às 5 horas. Os nossos resultados mostraram a presença de metástases cerebrais do cancro mama 7 dias após a inoculação, aumentando ao longo do tempo. As células malignas atravessaram a BHE como células mesenquimais e, uma vez dentro do encéfalo, estas células sofreram uma transição completa ou parcial de fenótipo mesenquimal para epitelial para adquirirem as características epiteliais necessárias para o estabelecimento de novos tumores no encéfalo. Além disso, o processo de metastização cerebral do cancro da mama contribuiu para a diminuição da expressão da proteína das junções de oclusão claudina-5 nas células endoteliais microvasculares cerebrais, assim como para a entrada do componente sanguíneo trombina no parênquima cerebral. Por outro lado, o aumento de vascularização no hipocampo cranial aparentou estar associado ao processo de colonização do encéfalo pelas células cancerígenas da mama. Relativamente ao papel da sinalização do fator de crescimento B derivado de plaquetas ao longo do processo de metastização cerebral, descobrimos que as células tumorais expressavam este fator de crescimento e que a sua expressão aumentou durante a formação de metástases no encéfalo. Curiosamente, a entrada contínua de células que expressam o recetor CXCR4 para dentro do parênquima cerebral aparentou ocorrer ao longo do processo de metastização cerebral do cancro da mama. Deste modo, este estudo contribui para clarificar o curso temporal e a interdependência de vias de sinalização, a quebra da BHE e a transição fenotípica das células malignas ao longo na transposição do endotélio e estabelecimento de metástases cerebrais pelas células cancerígenas da mama. Além disso, a demonstração dos eventos celulares e moleculares iniciais aponta para novos alvos para modulação de modo a prevenir a formação e desenvolvimento de metástases.This study was supported by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT – UID/DTP/04138/2013), Portugal, and by National Research, Development and Innovation/Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (NKFIH/OTKA – K-100807 and K-116158), Hungary

    A investigação matemática no 1º ciclo do ensino básico

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    Dissertação de mest., Ensino do 1º e 2º Ciclos do Ensino Básico, Escola Superior de Educação e Comunicação, Univ. do Algarve, 2012O presente relatório de Prática de Ensino Supervisionada estrutura-se em duas partes referentes a uma reflexão crítica sobre todo o processo de prática profissional no 1.º e 2.º ciclos do ensino básico e um estudo sobre a utilização de tarefas de investigação matemática na sala de aula do 1.º ciclo do ensino básico. A primeira parte tem uma natureza descritiva e reflexiva e aborda todo o meu percurso no âmbito da prática profissional do curso de mestrado em Ensino no 1.º e 2.º Ciclos do Ensino Básico. A segunda parte tem como objetivo geral evidenciar a utilização das tarefas de investigação matemática em contexto de 1º ciclo do ensino básico. Nesse sentido, foi realizado um trabalho cooperativo com a professora titular da turma do 1º ciclo e desenvolvido um trabalho com crianças de 6 anos, a frequentar o 1º ano pela primeira vez. Para a realização da investigação da prática referida defini como design de investigação a planificação e implementação de uma tarefa de investigação matemática numa turma de alunos do 1.º ano de escolaridade

    Overview of energy storage technologies for PV systems

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    Tese de mestrado integrado, Engenharia da Energia e do Ambiente, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2015Devido ao desenvolvimento tecnológico e às exigências da sociedade, o consumo de energia elétrica tem vindo a aumentar. Com esta procura, foi necessário desenvolver novas formas de produzir energia limpa, promovendo a diminuição de emissões de gases promotores de efeito de estufa e da utilização de combustíveis fósseis. Uma vez que as energias renováveis são variáveis no tempo e não despacháveis, é impossível ter-se apenas produção de energia a partir de fontes renováveis. Para suprimir este problema, pode-se recorrer ao armazenamento de energia. Esta dissertação teve como objetivo identificar e analisar as várias tecnologias de armazenamento de energia existentes. Foi feita uma comparação entre elas e identificada qual a tecnologia que se adapta melhor a um sistema fotovoltaico. Posteriormente foi feito um enquadramento das várias tecnologias em vários tipos de aplicações, tais como, em aplicações comerciais e residenciais, aplicações em transportes, em aplicações off-grid e na aplicação para integração com energias renováveis. Foi feita também uma análise do mercado existente e onde estão presentes as oportunidades de mercado (autoconsumo, retificação da rede e off-grid). Por fim foi feito um estudo para três casos distintos, incluindo o dimensionamento de um banco de baterias. A escolha das baterias foi feita através da análise das suas características e custos.Due to a development in technology and society’s requirements, the consumption of electrical energy has been increasing. With this demand, it was necessary to develop new forms of producing cleaner energy. This would consequently help promote a decrease in gas emissions, related to the greenhouse effect and to the utilization of fossil fuels. Renewable energy is known to be variable in time and not dispatchable. For these reasons, it is impossible to obtain production of energy only from renewable sources. To suppress this problem, storing energy can be a resolution. The purpose of this dissertation was to identify and analyze various existent technologies used in storing energy. They were also compared with each other. With the obtained information, one technology was identified as the most suitable for a photovoltaic system. An outline of various technologies in various types of applications was elaborated. This includes commercial and residential applications, applications in transports, off-grid applications and applications to integrate in renewable energies. An analysis of the existing market and the location of market opportunities was also done (auto-consumption, grid rectification and off-grid). Finally, a case study for three different cases was developed including the sizing of a battery bank. The choice of the batteries was done taking into account its characteristics and costs

    Hygrothermal behaviour of earthen plasters for sustainable housing construction

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    A ready-mixed and several laboratory formulated mortars were produced and tested in fresh state and after hardening, simulating a masonry plaster for indoor application. All the mortars used a clayish earth from the same region and different compositions of aggregates, eventually including fibres and a phase change material. All the formulated mortars were composed by 1:3 volumetric proportions of earth and aggregate. Tests were developed for consistency, fresh bulk density, thermal conductivity, capillary absorption and drying, water vapour permeability and sorption-desorption. The use of PCM changed drastically the workability of the mortars and increased their capillary absorption. The use of fibres and variations on particle size distribution of the mixtures of sand that were used had no significant influence on tested properties. But particularly the good workability of these mortars and the high capacity of sorption and desorption was highlighted. With this capacity plasters made with these mortars are able to adsorb water vapour from indoor atmosphere when high levels of relative humidity exist and release water vapour when the indoor atmosphere became too dry. This fact makes them able to contribute passively for a healthier indoor environment. The technical, ecological and environmental advantages of the application of plasters with this type of mortars are emphasized, with the aim of contributing for an increased use for new or existent housing

    Characterization of earthen plasters – Influence of formulation and experimental methods

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    All over the world there is a vast heritage of earth construction where earth plasters were applied. Nowadays, due to environmental but also technical reasons, new earth plasters are also applied on common new masonries. That is why its characterization, in the laboratory but also in situ, is very important. In the present study, a pre-mixed earth plastering mortar (as control) and nine earth-based plastering mortars formulated in laboratory with different compositions were characterized. These mortars were formulated with 1:3 (illitic clayish earth:aggregate) volumetric ratio. The aggregate comprises a variation of fine and coarse sand and the partial replacement of the fine sand by a phase change material (PCM). The influence of the addition of a low amount of oat fibers is also evaluated. The mortars were characterized by different methods in laboratory and on an experimental wall exposed outdoors by destructive and nondestructive methods: dry bulk density, dynamic modulus of elasticity, flexural and compressive strengths, adhesive and shear strengths, dry abrasion resistance, surface cohesion, ultrasonic pulse velocity and hardness. Results were discussed and some were correlated. Most mortars present good mechanical strengths. However, the addition of PCM significantly decrease the mechanical strength of mortars. In terms of mechanical properties, the addition of oat fibers only promotes an improvement on adhesive strength. The simple surface hardness by durometer present laboratory and in situ results well correlated for earth mortars without PCM.publishersversionpublishe

    The relationship between debt financing and earnings management : european evidence

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    Mestrado em Contabilidade, Fiscalidade e Finanças EmpresariaisO propósito deste estudo é analisar a relação entre o endividamento e a qualidade dos resultados nas empresas cotadas Europeias, visto que, estudos anteriores apresentam opiniões díspares relativamente à influência do endividamento na gestão de resultados. A amostra é composta por 1278 empresas cotadas de 13 países Europeus, sendo o período de análise de 2007 a 2016. Através desta análise, pretende-se descobrir se a influência do endividamento na gestão de resultados é negativa, positiva ou ambas, sugerindo uma relação não linear. Os resultados sugerem que a influência é positiva e, consequentemente, que a relação existente entre estas duas variáveis é linear. Os resultados propõem também que a gestão dos resultados é influenciada negativamente pela baixa rentabilidade e positivamente pela rendibilidade do ativo.This study has the purpose of analyzing the relationship between debt financing and earnings management on European listed companies, since previous literature report mixed results about the influence of debt financing on earnings management. The sample is composed by 1278 listed companies from 13 European countries, between 2007 and 2016. Through this research it is tried to discover if the influence of debt financing on earnings management is negative, positive or both, suggesting a non-linear relationship. The results suggest that the influence of debt on earnings management is positive and that, the relationship between debt financing and earnings management is linear. Results also propose that earnings quality is negatively influenced by firm's low profitability and positively influenced by firm's return on assets.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

    The reality of the Angolan accounting regulation and financial reporting system

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    This Work Project depicts the reality of accounting regulation and financial reporting in Angola by describing the accounting system through an analysis of characteristics for international comparison and thereafter classifying it comparably to worldwide accounting systems. Based on seven unstructured interviews and the case study research methodology, the findings suggest that the accounting system is heavily state-regulated and influenced, although a shift toward an economic needs based system is emerging. At this point, Angola’s accounting system is classified as a Continental European System per Nobes and Parkers (2008) two-group classification
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