Adornos Contemporâneos: seus significados no âmbito da joia, bijuteria e ornamento corporal

Este artigo, tendo por referência o Brasil, explora algumas significações relacionadas ao século XX e aos adornos, sejam eles, joias, bijuterias ou ornamentos corporais. Determinou-se como ponto de partida as transformações tecnológicas geradas pelas mudanças político-econômicas. A modernização industrial na década de 1950 trouxe renovação cultural, o que possibilitou novos hábitos e costumes que frutificaram sob vertentes de vanguarda no contexto contemporâneo brasileiro. O uso adequado e mais arrojado de matéria-prima e a relação entre custo e benefício se mostraram viáveis e impulsionaram a economia mundial. Por meio de pesquisa de campo e análise bibliográfica, constatou-se que joia, bijuteria e ornamento corporal, tiveram suas fronteiras aproximadas no âmbito do contemporâneo. A intersecção de diferentes abordagens com análises de alguns pontos no escopo do design conduziram esse estudo

Entomological survey in the state of Piauí, Northeastern Brazil, reveals intradomiciliary colonization of Triatoma brasiliensis macromelasoma

This survey aimed to assess the presence of triatomine vectors of Chagas disease within the rural communities of São João do Piauí, Northeast Brazil. Intradomiciliary and peridomiciliary collection strategies were implemented wherein 279 specimens of Triatoma brasiliensis macromelasoma, both nymph and adult were found in 15 (50%) of the studied homes. Of the intradomiciliary insects, 73 (67.6%) were identified as nymph instars (1st instar [N1]= 6, N2= 14, N3= 28, N4= 7 and N5= 18). In the studied communities, a continuous interaction between triatomine bugs and humans could be shown. It is therefore urgent that suitable strategies for the control of the triatomine vector are implemented in this area

RELAÇÃO ENTRE QUALIDADE DE VIDA E CÂNCER DE MAMA EM MULHERES: ESTUDO DE REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Este estudo tem como objetivo analisar a qualidade de vida das mulheres acometidas com câncer de mama. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura. As bases de dados consultadas foram: BVS, LILACS, Medline, Scielo. Foram inclusos artigos publicados no período entre 2012 – 2017. A amostra foi composta por 17 artigos, os quais foram trabalhados e agrupados em cinco categorias relacionada aos domínios físico, psicológico, relação social, nível de independência e ambiente. Ficou evidente o predomínio de publicações em revistas da área médica, delineamento para estudos de coorte, nível de evidência A2, escritos na língua inglesa. As alterações na QV das mulheres com CA de mama mais prevalentes encontram-se nos domínios físico e psicológico, com ênfase nas facetas dor/desconforto, energia/fadiga e sentimentos negativos, dentre eles a ansiedade e depressão. Assim, ficou evidente que o tema é amplo e subjetivo, pois está relacionado com aspectos individuais e geográficos, bem como metodologias implementadas para avaliação

Facetas em cerâmica vs facetas em resina composta

As facetas estéticas são restaurações parciais que visam recobrir superfícies vestibulares e proximais. Dessa forma, o objetivo da pesquisa é identificar as vantagens, desvantagens, indicações e contraindicações das facetas de porcelana e de resina composta no processo de reabilitação estética e funcional através de uma revisão de literatura. As bases de dados utilizadas foram Google Acadêmico, Pubmed, Periódicos Capes e BVS e incluíram estudos publicados na língua inglesa e portuguesa, entre os anos de 2014 e 2024. Os critérios de exclusão utilizados consistiram em estudos não disponíveis na íntegra, artigos duplicados e/ou em desacordo com os objetivos. Os resultados incluíram 31 artigos que tratavam acerca de relatos clínicos e revisões de literatura com o uso das facetas de resina composta e de porcelana de forma isolada ou comparativa. Constatou-se que as facetas são uma excelente alternativa de restauração estética e funcional e os dois tipos analisados demonstraram diversos benefícios, bem como algumas desvantagens, assim como qualquer outro procedimento

Macroscopic Description of Small and Large Intestine of the Sloth Bradypus variegatus

Background: Sloths of the species Bradypus variegatus are mammals with peculiar habits, which feed mostly young leaves of ‘embaúba’ and occur broadly in Central and South America. This specie has the greatest occurrence in Brazilian Northeast, making it a biological model for several researches in the fields as anatomy, physiology, genetics, pathology, histology and ecology, which provide data to literature in order to benefit maintenance and preservation of these animals. This study aimed to describe unpublished data about small and large intestine anatomy of the sloth Bradypus variegatus, in order to collaborate for knowledge of its digestive processes.Materials, Methods & Results: In order to perform this present research, 10 corpses of specie Bradypus variegatus belonged to the acquis of Anatomy Division, Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology (DMFA); Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), with 5 males and 5 females, the study was authorized by Animal Use and Experimentation Ethic Committee license (CEUA-UFRPE), nº 034/2015. All 10 animals used had natural death, were obtained through a donation of CETAS Tangará (Centro de Triagem de Animais Silvestres - Wildlife Screening Center), and located in the city of Recife. Animals were dissected at abdominal and pelvic portion, from a median sagittal incision, followed by lateral folding of skin, muscle and withdrawal of pubis portion for exposition and description of intestines, with analysis of syntopy and measurement of these organs. A relation was observed among external holes of urinary, reproductive and digestive systems. A relation was still observed among intestines and stomach, liver, kidneys, bladder and abdominal cavity wall. Some animals had absence of sigmoid colon, ventral and dorsal descendent colon. Regarding measurement, small intestine ranged from 147.09 to 163.59 cm for males and 117.44 to 151.28 cm for females, while large intestine varied between 39.68 and 43.35 cm for males, and 33.19 and 44.47 cm for females. Urinary and reproductive systems had a same external hole at perineal portion for both gender. Whereas digestive system ended at anus as occur commonly among mammals.Discussion: Among specimens described, most had the same anatomic profile regarding the intestinal portions and syntopy performed over other abdominal cavity organs. A difference was observed on liver size, increment of 20% for females and males sampled, excluding animals that had absence of structure that were minority, once 40% of females had no ventral descending colon, 20% of males and females had no sigmoid colon, and 20% of males had no dorsal descending colon. However, some animals that had absence demonstrated increase of other adjacent structures, for example, male that had no dorsal descending colon developed the largest sigmoid colon observed among animals measured for portions of duodenum, ventral descending colon, ascending colon and dorsal descending colon. Regarding the measurement of small and large intestine, Bradypus variegatus had differences compared to other herbivores, what suggests that this fact is associated to a restricted diet, in which that animal is submitted. Because of literature shortage about digestive system of specie Bradypus variegatus and other species of wild animals in general, it still difficult to infer or plot more accurate affirmations about this subject

First report of the blaOXA-58 gene in a clinical isolate of Acinetobacter baumannii in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Carbapenemase production is an important mechanism of carbapenem resistance among nonfermentative Gram-negative isolates. This study aimed to report the detection of blaOXA-58 gene in multiresistant clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii recovered from inpatients in a public hospital. Polymerase chain reaction tests were performed to detect the blaOXA-23-like, blaOXA-24-like, blaOXA-58-like and blaOXA-51-like genes. The blaOXA-58 and blaOXA-23 genes were detected in one and three isolates, respectively. Sequencing of the blaOXA-58-like amplicon revealed 100% identity with the A. baumannii blaOXA-58 gene listed in the GenBank database. This is the first report of an OXA-58-producing A. baumannii isolate in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Tobacco-free cigarette smoke exposure induces anxiety and panic-related behaviours in male wistar rats.

Smokers, who generally present with lung damage, are more anxious than non-smokers and have an associated augmented risk of panic. Considering that lung damage signals specific neural pathways that are related to affective responses, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of pulmonary injury on anxiety and panic-like behaviours in animals exposed to cigarette smoke with and without tobacco. Male Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: a control group (CG); a regular cigarette group (RC); and a tobacco-free cigarette (TFC) group. Animals were exposed to twelve cigarettes per day for eight consecutive days. The animals were then exposed to an elevated T-maze and an open field. The RC and TFC groups presented increases in inflammatory cell inflow, antioxidant enzyme activity, and TBARS levels, and a decrease in the GSH/GSSG ratio was observed in the TFC group. Exposure to RC smoke reduced anxiety and panic-related behaviours. On the other hand, TFC induced anxiety and panic-related behaviours. Thus, our results contradict the concept that nicotine is solely accountable for shifted behavioural patterns caused by smoking, in that exposure to TFC smoke causes anxiety and panic-related behaviours.Cigarette smoke exposure is associated with anxiety states. Smokers are more anxious than non-smokers1, while cigarette smoking cessation is associated with increased levels of anxiety and stress, as the nicotine in cigarettes has been shown to have anxiolytic effects2. Moreover, smoking is also associated with an augmented risk of panic attacks, and quitting smoking could help reduce this risk3. Importantly, in a study conducted by Amaring and colleagues, it was reported that 72% of panic disorder patients declared that they were regular smokers at the onset of their disease4. Cigarette smoke is also one of the several agents and environmental factors that can trigger oxidative stress and pulmonary damage5. Cigarette smoke causes cellular recruitment, lipid peroxidation, production of inflammatory mediators, and oxidative stress6?11. For instance, studies in mice have shown that exposure to short-term cigarette smoke evokes an increase in inflammatory cell inflow and oxidative damage6,9. In general, exposure to pollutants induces pulmonary inflammation through the generation of oxidative stress12,13, defined as the imbalance in reactive oxygen species production, to the detriment of the antioxidant defence systems14. Importantly, exposure to ambient air particles not only induces pulmonary inflammation but also behavioural disorders both in humans and in mice15. Currently, the majority of anxiety studies associated with cigarette smoking have focused on the anxiolytic effects of nicotine2. However, it has been shown that lung damage can induce central nervous system responses by activating specific neuronal pathways16,17, which include those linked to affective responses, such as anxiety and panic18. This raises the question of whether the anxiety and panic-type behaviour associated with smoking might be related not only to the nicotine or to tobacco?s other constituents but also to lung damage

Indicadores de cobertura vacinal/taxa de abandono nas capitais da região norte do Brasil: um desafio a educação popular em saúde na perspectiva da Atenção Primária / Indicators of vaccination coverage/ dropout rate in the capitals of the northern region of Brazil: a challenge to popular education in health from the perspective of Primary Health Care

Instituído pelo Ministério da Saúde (MS), o Programa Nacional de Imunização (PNI) foi elencado para cumprir os objetivos da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), e controlar principalmente o sarampo, tuberculose, difteria, tétano, coqueluche, poliomielite e manter até então, a já erradicada varíola. Este estudo objetivou-se em discutir sob a perspectiva da Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) os desafios da cobertura vacinal nas capitais da região norte do Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico, descritivo, com abordagens quantiqualitativa. A pesquisa incluiu os 6 milhões de habitantes residentes das sete capitais dos estados que compõem a região norte do país, analisados sob a perspectiva da cobertura vacinal/taxa de abandono. Quanto a cobertura vacinal em relação ao índice populacional, nota-se maior abrangência em Palmas (TO), onde os índices na média comparativa entre os dois anos pesquisados encontraram-se em 74,30% e a maior taxa de abandono vacinal em Macapá (AP), 42,26%. Ressalta-se a importância da educação popular em saúde, principalmente na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS), principal porta dos usuários aos serviços disponibilizados pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). 

Energy Estimation of Cosmic Rays with the Engineering Radio Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA) is part of the Pierre Auger Observatory and is used to detect the radio emission of cosmic-ray air showers. These observations are compared to the data of the surface detector stations of the Observatory, which provide well-calibrated information on the cosmic-ray energies and arrival directions. The response of the radio stations in the 30 to 80 MHz regime has been thoroughly calibrated to enable the reconstruction of the incoming electric field. For the latter, the energy deposit per area is determined from the radio pulses at each observer position and is interpolated using a two-dimensional function that takes into account signal asymmetries due to interference between the geomagnetic and charge-excess emission components. The spatial integral over the signal distribution gives a direct measurement of the energy transferred from the primary cosmic ray into radio emission in the AERA frequency range. We measure 15.8 MeV of radiation energy for a 1 EeV air shower arriving perpendicularly to the geomagnetic field. This radiation energy -- corrected for geometrical effects -- is used as a cosmic-ray energy estimator. Performing an absolute energy calibration against the surface-detector information, we observe that this radio-energy estimator scales quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy as expected for coherent emission. We find an energy resolution of the radio reconstruction of 22% for the data set and 17% for a high-quality subset containing only events with at least five radio stations with signal.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO